• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.24-31
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• 2016

The performance characteristics of a dynamic control system are evaluated according to the transient and steady-state responses. The transient performance is the controllability of the output for the tracking of the reference or the ability to reduce or reject the effects of unwanted disturbances; alternatively, the steady-state performance is represented by the magnitude of the control error at the steady state. As the effects of the two performances on each other are reciprocal, a controller design that shows a zero steady-state error for the ramp input is uncommon because of the challenge regarding the achievement of an acceptable transient response. This paper proposes a PI+double-integral controller for the elimination of the steady-state error for the ramp input while a sound transient performance is maintained. The control-gain design procedure is described by the second-order response for the step input and the response of the error dynamics for the ramp input. The PI+double-integral controller is designed for the first-order transfer function that is derived from a system identification with the open-loop experiment data of the dc-motor. The simple structure of the proposed controller enables the adoption of a low-end microcontroller for the implementation of a real-time control. The experiment results show that the control performance is as effective as that of the simulation analysis for the operating point of linear system; furthermore, the PI+double-integral controller can be conveniently applied to the control system, which is desirable for the improvement of the steady-state error.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.437-450
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• 1994

The problem of testing for a change in the parameter of a stochastic process is particularly important in simulation studies. In studies of the steady state characteristics of a simulation model, it is important to identify initialization bias and to evaluate efforts to control this problem. A simulation output have the characteristics of chaotic behavior because of sensitive dependence on initial conditions. For that reason, we will apply Lyapunov exponent for diagnosis of chaotic motion to simulation output analysis. This paper proposes two methods for diagnosis of steady state in simulation output. In order to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of these methods using chaos theory, M/M/I(.inf.) queueing model is used for testing point estimator, average bias.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 1998.03a
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• pp.50-55
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• 1998

In this paper we use discrete simulation method to get the criteria of system evaluation required in the case of designing the complicated probabilistic event system having discrete probabilistic variables and to search the effective and reliable alternatives to satisfy the objective value of the given system through on-line, single run within the short time period. If we find the alternative we construct the algorithm which change values of decision variables and determining alternative by using the stopping algorithm which end the simulation in the steady state of system. In order to prevent the loss of data when we analyze the acquired design alternative in the steady state we provide the background of the estimation of the autoregressive model and mean and confidence interval for evaluating correctly the objective function obtained by the small amount of output data through the short time period simulation.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.12-19
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• 2000

The multi type heat pump system may provide more energy savings and better environmental conditions than the single type heat pump system may do. In order to design a multi type heat pump system, it may be recommended to develop the system simulation program, which can predict the characteristics of the system such as unit capacities, power consumptions, and system COP's. In this study, the steady state simulation program of the multi type heat pump system was developed. The results from the simulation program were compared with those from the experimental tests which were performed in the environmental chamber, Cooling tests show 3.11% and 0.94% of error in capacity and COP, and heating tests show 3.30% and 1.90% of error in capacity and COP, respectively. Therefore, the steady state simulation program developed for this study can effectively be used for the design and the performance prediction of the multi type heat pump system.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.85-96
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• 2011

Steady state computations are routinely used by design engineers to evaluate and compare losses in hydraulic components. In the case of the draft tube diffuser, however, experiments have shown that while a significant number of operating conditions can adequately be evaluated using steady state computations, a few operating conditions require unsteady simulations to accurately evaluate losses. This paper presents a study that assesses the predictive capacity of a combination of steady and unsteady RANS numerical computations to predict draft tube losses over the complete range of operation of a Francis turbine. For the prediction of the draft tube performance using k-${\varepsilon}$ turbulence model, a methodology has been proposed to average global performance indicators of steady flow computations such as the pressure recovery factor over an adequate number of periods to obtain correct results. The methodology will be validated using two distinct flow solvers, CFX and OpenFOAM, and through a systematic comparison with experimental results obtained on the FLINDT model draft tube.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.187-194
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• 2008

Because the types and severities of most engine faults are various and complex, it is not easy that the conventional model based fault detection approach like the GPA(Gas Path Analysis) method can monitor all engine fault conditions. Therefore this study proposed newly a diagnostic algorithm for isolating and diagnosing effectively the faulted components of the smart UAV propulsion system, which has been developed by KARI(Korea Aerospace Research Institute), using the fuzzy logic and the neural network algorithms. A precise performance model should be needed to perform the model-based diagnostics. The based engine performance model was developed using SIMULINK. For the work and mass flow matching between components of the steady-state simulation, the state-flow library was applied. The proposed steady-state performance model can simulate off-design point performance at various flight conditions and part loads, and in order to evaluate the steady-state performance model their simulation results were compared with manufacturer's performance deck data. According to comparison results, it was confirm that the steady-state model well agreed with the deck data within 3% in all flight envelop. The diagnosis procedure of the proposed diagnostic system has the following steps. Firstly after obtaining database of fault patterns through performance simulation, then secondly the diagnostic system was trained by the FFBP networks. Thirdly after analyzing the trend of the measuring parameters due to fault patterns, then fourthly faulted components were isolated using the fuzzy logic. Finally magnitudes of the detected faults were obtained by the trained neural networks. Because the detected faults have almost same as degradation values of the implanted fault pattern, it was confirmed that the proposed diagnostic system can detect well the engine faults.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.10-20
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• 2002

A dynamic model of a water heater system heated by a heat pump was developed. The water heater system was composed of heat pump and hot water reservoirs. Finite volume method (FVM) was applied to describe the heat exchangers. A new constraint on electronic expansion valve (EEV) or thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) that can control superheat after the evaporator was developed. Dynamic performances were evaluated for various sizes of the reservoir. In order to compare those performances, time scale was normalized by time constant representing the characteristics of reservoir size. Time constant was determined from quasi steady-state simulation of the system. From the simulation, the size of the water heater reservoir was found to have a large influence on the transient performance of the sys- tem. Therefore, the optimization of the reservoir size is needed in a design process.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.53-63
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• 2002

The steady-state and transient performance simulation program for a turboprop engine(PT6A-62) was developed. Specially this program included some algorithms, such as flat-rated behaviors in performance and limit control algorithms to prevent the compressor surge and the compressor-turbine inlet limit temperature overshoot. In order to minimize analysis errors, on interpolation method in component characteristics using matching errors and specific heat and specific heat ratio, which are functions of temperatures were used. The developed steady state performance analysis program can handle various conditions such as altitude, bleed extraction, inlet temperature and pressure and part throttle, and the transient performance analysis program incorporated a general mode for transient simulation and a control mode for prevention of the compressor surge and the turbine inlet limit temperature overshoot.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.185-190
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• 2006

The security analysis relates to the ability of the electric systems to survive sudden disturbances such as electric short circuits or unanticipated loss of system elements. It is composed of both steady state and dynamic security analyses, which are not two separate issues but should be considered together. In steady state security analysis including voltage security analysis, the analysis checks that the system is operated within security limits by OPF (optimal power flow) after the transition of a new operating point. On the other hand, dynamic security analysis deals that the transition will lead to an acceptable operating condition. Transient stability, which is the ability of power systems to maintain synchronism when subjected to a large disturbance, is a principal component in dynamic security analysis. Usually any loss of synchronism will cause additional outages. They make the present steady state analysis of the post-contingency condition inadequate for unstable cases. This is the reason of the need for dynamics of systems. Probabilistic criterion can be used to recognize the probabilistic nature of system components and shows the possibility of system security. A comprehensive conceptual framework for probabilistic static and dynamic assessment is presented in this paper. The simulation results of the Western System Coordinating Council (WSCC) system compare an analytical method with Monte-Carlo simulation (MCS). Also, a case study of the extended IEEE Reliability Test System (RTS) shows the efficiency of this approach.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.873-878
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• 2009

When the transmission lines are initially energized for power system restoration, the power system suffers the various overvoltages that can be classified as steady-state, transient, and dynamic overvoltages. For the accurate analyses of these overvoltages, many researchers utilize different simulation tools such as Power System Simulator for Engineering(PSS/E). Although PSS/E provides good solutions in steady-state and dynamic overvoltages, it is not suitable for transient overvoltages. Therefore, transient overvoltages are simulated by using Electro-Magnetic Transients Program(EMTP) developed for the analysis of transients in the power system. Recently, EMTP can be also used to simulate dynamic behavior of the system. In order to analyze the transient overvoltages with steady-state and dynamic overvoltages, the authors adopt EMTP as the simulation tool for the analysis of overvoltages. This paper presents the simulation results for the analyses of various overvoltages, and the possibility of EMTP to be used for these types of analyses.