• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.63-94
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• 2021

Unidimensional construct of conspicuous consumption which focuses on the ostentation of the economic assets are limited in describing today's consumers. We propose that both ostentation of social status and demonstration of uniqueness through overt consumption should be considered in the realm of conspicuous consumption. This research aims to examine the two dimensions of conspicuous consumption tendencies and their impact on new product adoption intention, which is mediated through the perceived value of the new products. This research empirically validates the theoretical conjecture by conducting an online survey (N=272). Our empirical findings reveal that ostentation of social status influences new product adoption intention both directly and indirectly through perceived social value, while demonstration of uniqueness improves new product adoption intention only indirectly through perceived utilitarian and hedonic value. This research identifies the ostentation of social status and demonstration of uniqueness as two dimensions of conspicuous consumption and refines scales to measure them. In addition, this research identifies conspicuous consumption as a driver of new product adoption intention and recognizes the mediating role of perceived value.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.113-120
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• 2017

As the functions and roles of public libraries expand, it is time for qualitative growth. In order to improve the quality of public libraries, it is important to plan actual construction costs through systematic feasibility study. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to present the guideline of construction costs considering the size and regional characteristics according to the status role of the new public libraries. The construction costs are based on actual data. The results of the study are as follows. First, we derived the analysis framework according to the size and regional characteristics. The status role of the public libraries was considered theoretically. The size was classified according to status role of the public libraries. Regional characteristics were classified through literature review. Through this, an analysis framework was derived according to size and region. Second, the actual data on construction costs of the new public libraries were examined and analyzed. Basic factors, size, area, and construction costs were analyzed for 285 libraries nationwide that opened from 2010 to 2016. The data of 129 newly opened public libraries were classified. To present construction costs depending on price fluctuation, construction cost index was analyzed as of September 2016. Third, a guideline of construction costs for new public libraries was suggested. The construction cost per $1m^2$ of building area was analyzed. By multiplying 116.70(p), the construction cost index, the construction cost per $1m^2$ of total building area was calculated to be 2,472,350 won. When applying the research result, construction costs can be gained by adding construction cost index of the month.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.859-867
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• 2016

Bunker oil is an essential expense, and it is a high cost in ships' operations. Therefore, it forms an important part of the work shipowners do to minimize losses during operations. With bunkering disputes consistently occurring, bunker surveyors could be employed by shipowners through them and bunker survey companies signing a contract for a bunker surveyor service. Bunker surveyors could play the role of independent contractors and issue statements of fact in relation to bunkering. However, it would be impossible for bunker surveyors to immediately resolve a bunkering dispute since their role and the legal status is not clear while bunker surveys are being conducted on ships. Thus, this study sets out to define the legal status and liability of bunker surveyors and to seek an additional role for them when bunkering disputes occur.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.87-97
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• 1993

China has a big population(22% of the world) and small cultivated land( only 7% of the world). Agriculture is very important and it has solved the problem of people's eating and wearing, and now it is creating favourable conditions for the state modernization and people's comparatively well-off. Farm mechanization plays an role in agriculture and has primarily developed. But the development is complicated since the big rural labour force and the small per capita cultivated land. The development and features of farm mechanization in China was summarized and the future task and its countermeasure was discussed in this paper.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.493-505
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to contribute to maternal nursing in the early postpartum stage and neonate nursing. Data were collected through self-report questionaires which were constructed to include perception of the newborn scale, parental role stress scale and anxiety scale. The subjects consisted of 81 mothers of preterm babies at seven hospitals in Seoul and Kyoungki-Do, from July 15 to September 30, 2000. Data were analysed by SPSS/PC using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. The mean of perception of the newborn in the early postpartum stage was 1.35. The mean of parental role stress was 10.78. The mean of anxiety of mother was 39.74. 2. There were significant positive correlation between parental role stress and anxiety of mothers. 3. There were not significant influencing general characteristics to perception of the newborn and parental role stress. General characteristics related to the level of anxiety were economic status, expectation of pregnancy, birthing order, newborn weight. The above findings indicated that the level of parental role stress and anxiety of preterm birth mothers were correlated. Therefore nursing intervention for reducing parental role stress and anxiety should be provided for preterm birth mothers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.316-325
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was done to identify role conflict and job satisfaction in nurses in oriental medicine hospitals. Method: Study participants were 128 nurses employed in oriental medicine hospitals. The data were collected using a survey questionnaire. The instruments included a 37-item role conflict scale and 20-item job satisfaction scale. The data were analyzed using frequencies, means, percentages, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient with the Window's SPSS program. Result: There were significant differences in job satisfaction according to marital status, motivative for being a nurse and length of work time. The mean score for role conflict was 3.69 and for job satisfaction, 2.96. Job satisfaction had a significant inverse correlation with role conflict in these nurses. Conclusion: It is suggested that further studies are needed to identify factors affecting role conflict and job satisfaction in oriental medicine nurses, which will help to identify strategies to decrease the role conflict and increase job satisfaction in nurses employed in oriental medicine hospitals.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.107-118
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• 1997

This study was designed to obtain basic data for development of evaluation tool which would be needed to measure the outcome of general quality nursing care of individual patient. The purpose of this study was to analyze and classify the outcome indicators of quality nursing care. The 29 articles of quality nursing care and outcome measures were selected coveniently, and analyzed to classify the outcome indicators of quality nursing care using open coding method. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Quality nursing care was defined as level of excellence of nursing care to achieve good patient outcome. 2. The 6 domains of which were health status, satisfaction, self care, patient progress and prognosis, and compliance were identified in outcome indicators of quality nursing care 3. Seven indicators of health status domain which were perceived health status, quality of life, well-being, daily activities, physical-physiological status, psychoemotional status, and social role functioning were identified. 4. Two indicators of satifaction domain which were patient satisfaction and family satisfaction were identified. 5. Three indicators of self care domain which were skill, knowledge, and home management were identified. 6. Seven indicators of patient progress and prognosis domain which were change of clinical status, resolution of nursing diagnosis and problem, days of stay, dicahrge state, recovery state, survival were identified. 7. compliance with therapeutic direction compliance was identified as an indicator of compliance domain. 8. It was sugested that studies for development of evaluation tools for outcomes of quality nursing the results of this study could be executed

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.613-625
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of the tailored group exercise program on perceived health status, physical strength, depression and cognitive function in seniors. Methods: The subjects were 42 seniors of the experimental group and 28 seniors of the control group. The exercise program tailored by physical fitness was carried out for 16 weeks. The dependent variables were measured by Perceived Health Status Scale, The Senior Fitness Test, MMSE-K, and GDS-K. The collected data were analyzed by Fisher's exact test, Chi-square test and t-test, and ANCOVA using the SAS program. Results: In terms of physical strength and depression there was significant difference among groups. Perceived health status and cognitive function were not significant different among groups. Conclusion: In this study, the tailored exercise program was effective and safe for the elderly, and resulted in improving physical and psychological health status in the elderly. This demonstrated that the tailored group exercises program on the basis of the subject's fitness, played an essential role in maintaining and improving the health.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.491-500
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• 2002

Purpose: To exam how functional status varied according to age, gender, stage, treatment protocols, and pathologic types of cancer in lung cancer patients. Method: A Cross-sectional and descriptive study was used. Functional status was measured with the Medical Outcome Study Short Form-36. A total of 106 lung cancer patients participated. Their mean age was 61 years. Majorities were male, in advanced stages, and receiving chemotherapy. Result: Functional status of the subjects were relatively low compared to the results of previous studies. Women had more severe functional limitations in Role-Emotion(t=2.17, p <.05). Generally, older patients(> 60 yrs.) had relatively more severe limitations in all subcategories, but the difference was not statistically significant. Subjects in late lung cancer stage(stage III & IV) had more severe functional limitation in all subcategories. But the statistical difference was found only in General Health(t=2.10, p<.05). In terms of treatment protocol, no-current treatment group had lower General Health than those of the chemotherapy group(F=3.42, p<.01). There were no statistical differences in functional status among pathological cancer cell types. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that effective management may be achieved when these factors are considered on individual basis in the clinical management of lung cancer patients.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.69-80
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• 1993

This research studied the classification and meanings of symbols on the clothes of he Koran catholic priest. The results are as follows. 1) Symbol of religios spirits and values. - There are many spirits of crist which require to keep and meanings of innocence. 2) Symbol of status - served to symbolize the conscious change from earthy to ordaned man. 3) Symbol of role - differentiate between the role of priest and aid-priest. 4) Symbol of position(or rank) - indicate the position of priests in catholic church. 5) Symbol of situation. 6) Symbol of ritual ceremony - characterized the ritual ceremony.