• Journal of Oriental Medical Thermology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate DITI (Digital Infrared Thermographic Imaging)'s potential for diagnosis and indicator of abdominal cold hypersensitivity treatment from the clinical case study. Methods: The patient was a 35-year-old woman who was suffered by general coldness, sweating and general pain. The patient was treated by Herb medicine, Acupuncture treatment, Moxa treatment and Physical Treatment. The progress of symptoms was evaluated by checking the change of VAS, and inspecting the DITI. We studied the statistical significance from the difference of DITI results before and after treatment by paired T-test using SPSS windows (version 12.0). Results: The general coldness, sweating and general pain of this patient have declined, especially the abdominal coldness improvement showing. As a results, the temperature of four abdominal sites(GV4,6,12,17) after treatment were statistically higher than those before treatment. With comparison of Indang, DITI difference of abdominal sites before and after treatment were statistically significant from paired T-tests. Conclusion: The results suggest that DITI can be used for the diagnosis and assessment of abdominal cold hypersensitivity treatment.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2007

Objectives : This research is aimed to confirm the treating patients with herniated lumbar disc using Chuna treatment. Methods : Out of patients who were confirmed to have a herniated lumbar disc by MRI among the patients in oriental medical hospital of Kyungwon University from July 2005 to Dec 2006, we dived 15 people was treated common treatment, 15 people was treated both common treatment and Chuna treatment. We measured Visual Analog Scale(VAS) and symptom grade before and after treatment in each groups. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS program. Results : The result of the Visual Analog Scale(VAS) and symptom grade before and after treatment between two group, shows that the improvement of Back pain and Sciatica in common treatment with Chuna treatment group is more effective than that in only common treatment group.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2021

Background: Various substances are currently being used for cosmetic or postsurgical reconstruction reasons. Injecting of various materials into the face may provoke inflammatory or granulomatous reactions, infection and tissue necrosis. Among these reactions are foreign body granulomas. This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics of and therapeutic approaches used in patients with facial foreign body granulomas caused by the injection of various substances. Methods: From 2007 to 2020, a total of 64 patients visited our hospital due to inflammatory signs, palpable masses or surface irregularities. We reviewed patient characteristics, type of injected material, medical history and treatment outcomes. The treatment results were scored with patient satisfaction and statistical analysis of the treatment period was performed. Results: Most patients underwent conservative treatment followed by surgical treatment because of persistent symptoms; one patient did not require surgery. All patients reported good treatment results and satisfaction. The earlier the surgical treatment was performed, the shorter the treatment period and the higher patient satisfaction scoring. Conclusion: Granulomatous changes to the face are an emerging concern in various cosmetic procedures and surgeries, including fillers, silicone implants and autologous fat injections. Our findings strongly suggest that patient symptoms require accurate diagnosis and surgical treatment.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.223-238
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of taping therapy for adhesive capsulitis patients. The subjects were consisted of 40, male 18, female 22, average age was 59 years old. To find out the effectiveness of taping therapy, we sampled 20 patients treated with H/P, electrical therapy and scapular pattern & hold-relax technique of PNF(control group), and 20 patients treated same as control group with taping therapy(experimental group). The results were as follow : 1. There was a statistical significance of shoulder flexion, abduction, external rotation and VAS in both group(P<0.05). 2. There was not statistical significance of shoulder flexion and external rotation(P>0.05), but abduction had a statistical significance between taping group and non-taping group(P<0.05). 3. VAS was observed a statistical significance between 3rd and 4th post treatment(P<0.05). These results are imply that taping therapy has a effectiveness of shoulder motion and VAS for adhesive capsulitis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.108-114
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• 1998

This study was conducted to evaluate the techniques or analyzing tobacco smoke by statistical treatment method for the analytical data through Asia Collaborative Study V. In addition to five smoke components analysis, consisting of TPM, water, nicotine, NFDPM, and puff count of four cigarettes samples, statistical parameters such as mean, standard deviation, box-and-whisker plots, h plots, k plots, regression coefficients, reproducibility (R), and repeatability (r) were also calculated. Analysis of water content of cigarette smoke was the most difficult task, whereas puff count analysis was the easiest as well recognized by all laboratories. Analysis of nicotine and puff count accounted for both the lowest and the highest variation among four parameters. The water coefficients indicated more randomness or variation in the slops. The NFDPM data exhibited both types of deviations from linearity. Water content of sample D indicated the highest difference between two single results and between two interlaboratory test results. As a whole, KGTRI ranked higher in the analytical techniques for statistical evaluation of results when compared with the practices of 28 other laboratories.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.670-675
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• 1998

Recently electronic apex locators have been used widely in root canal treatment, but, accuracy of electronic apex locators is controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of Apex Finder A.F.A(EIE Analytic Technology, U.S.A.) in vivo compared with Root-Zx and radiograph. The root canal lengths were determined with Root-Zx(32 tooth) in before pulp extirpation and after pulp extirpation. Then the radiographs were taken with a file in the canal. The root canal lengths were determined with Apex Finder A.F.A.(21 tooth) in before pulp extirpation and after pulp extirpation and under NaOCl. Then the radiographs were taken with a file in the canal. The results were as follows: 1. There was no significant statistical difference in Root-Zx between before pulp extirpation and after pulp extirpation(p > 0.05). 2. There was no significant statistical difference in Apex Finder A.F.A. between before pulp extirpation and after pulp extirpation(p > 0.05). But, there was significant statistical difference under NaOCl(p < 0.05). 3. There was no significant statistical difference in accuracy between Root-Zx and Apex Finder A.F.A.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.38-47
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• 1986

A statistical procedure, which uses response surface method and Monte Carlo simulation technique, is proposed for analyzing the thermal margin of light water reactor core. The statistical thermal margin analysis method performs the best.estimate thermal margin evaluation by the probabilistic treatment of uncertainties of input parameters. This methodology is applied to KNU-1 core thermal margin analysis under the steady state nominal operating condition. Also discussed are the comparisons with conventional deterministic method and Improved Thermal Design Procedure of Westinghouse. It is deduced from this study that the response surface method is useful for performing the statistical thermal margin analysis and that thermal margin improvement is assured through this procedure.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.55-63
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• 2000

Objectives : Fatigue is a common symptom experienced by everyone. Nevertheless, clinicians have a tendency of ignoring it since fatigue itself is not considered a distinct disease. Actually, some limited research about chronic fatigue syndrome has been made within the country, but in reality, the probability of getting this syndrome is still considered very low due to the strict diagnosis standard. Therefore, there are tremendous numbers of patients who do not get enough attention from clinicians for their fatigue symptoms only because technically they do not belong to the syndrome. Therefore, a basic statistical database must be compiled and patient management programs must be developed. To accomplish this, we conducted this study by measuring degree of fatigue, clinical characteristics and processes of Oriental medical treatment of fatigue patients. Methods : The objects of this study were selected from the new patients who entered the tonification Clinic in Kynnghee Oriental Medical Center between August 11, 2000 and October 7, 2000. Their main complaint was fatigue and they did not suffer from any physical or mental problem either historically or at the time of the study. The objects were divided into two groups based on duration of fatigue; fatigue under 6 months is considered as acute fatigue and fatigue for longer than 6 months is chronic fatigue. The prepared survey sheet for measuring fatigue degree was distributed to the patients with their consent. The patients were divided again into three subgroups : the fIrst group went through 1st test and constitution test after tonification clinic; the second one went into constitution test skipping Ist measuring test; the third one went into only tonification clinic with neither 1st measuring test nor constitution test. Results : The total number of object patients was 47 and 80% of them were considered as 'fatigue patients' by the Chalder scale. Among all patients, 29.5% requested treatment for chronic fatigue, which is over 6 months. The average of scale II for all patients was 14.8, which indicates moderate fatigue. The averages of scale II-1, II-2, II-3 were respectively 7.5, 5.9, and 3.7 so the most common complaint was physical fatigue. When compared scale II based on occupations, student group scored 6.9 and office man group scored 8.5 in scale II-1, physical fatigue, but it was not significant. Conclusions : Numerous number of patients have come to Oriental medical centers or hospitals in Korea. Therefore, deeper statistical research and follow-up-monitoring are reqnired in the Oriental medical academic world. In this study, among all patients who entered the tonification Clinic in Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center, 29.5% requested treatment for chronic fatigue, which is over 6 months. This kind of statistical report is the first time trial in the Oriental medical academy world. Through these steps, more objective treatment can be made and standards of prognosis assessment can be established.tablished.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.37-44
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of Chuna treatment on neck pain caused by traffic accidents. Methods : The 10 patients were divided into 2 groups, with Group A treated with Acupuncture and Chuna, while group B was treated with Acupuncture only. We measured the Visual Analog Scale(VAS), Pain Disability Index(PDI) and Pressure Pain Thresholds before and after treatment in each group. The statistical analysis was performed by using a Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results : 1. Group A showed significant improvements in VAS, PDI and Pressure Pain Thresholds(p<0.05). 2. Group B was significantly improved in VAS(p<0.05). However, there was no statistical significance in PDI and Pressure Pain Thresholds(p>0.05). 3. There was no statistical significance between Group A and Group B before and after treatment. Conclusions : These results imply that Chuna treatment with Acupuncture would beeffective and useful on the neck pain caused by traffic accidents.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.107-119
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• 2022

The frequent detection and occurrence of micropollutants (MPs) in aquatic ecosystems has raised public health concerns worldwide. In this study, the behavior of 50 MPs was investigated in three different domestic wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Furthermore, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess the geographical and seasonal variation of MPs in the WWTPs. The results showed that the concentrations of 43 MPs ranged from less than 0.1 to 237.6 ㎍ L^-1, while other seven MPs including 17-ethynylestradiol, 17-estradiol, sulfathiazole, sulfamethazine, clofibric acid, simvastatin, and lovastatin were not detected in all WWTPs. Among the detected MPs, the pharmaceuticals such as metformin, acetaminophen, naproxen, and caffeine were prominent with maximum concentrations of 133.4, 237.6, 71.5, and 107.7 ㎍ L^-1, respectively. Most perfluorinated compounds and nitrosamines were found at trace levels of 1.2 to 55.3 ng L^-1, while the concentration of corrosion inhibitors, preservatives (parabens), and endocrine disruptors ranged from less than 0.1 to 4310.8 ng L^-1. Regardless of the type of biological treatment process such as MLE, A2O, and MBR, the majority of pharmaceuticals (except lincomycin, diclofenac, iopromide, and carbamazepine), parabens (except Methyl paraben), and endocrine disruptors were removed by more than 80%. However, the removal efficiencies of certain MPs such as atrazine, DEET, perfluorinated compounds (except PFHxA), nitrosamines, and corrosion inhibitors were relatively low or their concentration even increased after treatment. The results of statistical analysis reveal that there is no significant geographical difference in the removal efficacy of MPs, but there are temporal seasonal variations in all WWTPs.