• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2018.07a
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• pp.144-146
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• 2018

In order to meet the harmonics standards such as IEEE 519 and P1547 the output quality of a grid connected inverter should satisfy a certain level of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) value. However, the output quality of an inverter gets degraded due to the grid voltage harmonics, the dead time effects and the nonlinearity of the switches, which all contributes to a higher THD value of the output. In order to meet the required THD value for the inverter output under the distorted grid condition the use of harmonic controller is essential. In this paper a novel feedforward harmonic compensation method is proposed in order to effectively eliminate the low order harmonics in the inverter current to the grid. In the proposed method, unlike the conventional harmonic control methods, the hamonic components are directly compensated by the feedforward terms generated by the PR controller with the grid current in the stationary frame. The proposed method is simple in implementation but powerful in eliminating the harmonics from the output. The effectiveness of proposed method is verified through the PSIM simulation and the experiments with a 5kW single phase grid connected inverter.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.215-227
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• 2019

Grid-connected inverters should satisfy a certain level of total harmonic distortion (THD) to meet harmonics standards, such as IEEE 519 and P1547. The output quality of an inverter is typically degraded due to grid voltage harmonics, dead time effects, and the device's turn-on/turn-off delay, which all contribute to increasing the THD value of the output. The use of a harmonic controller is essential to meet the required THD value for inverter output under a distorted grid condition. In this study, an improved feedforward harmonic compensation method is proposed to effectively eliminate low-order harmonics in the inverter current to the grid. In the proposed method, harmonic components are directly compensated through feedforward terms generated by the proportional resonant controller with the grid current in a stationary frame. The proposed method is simple to implement but powerful in eliminating harmonics from the output. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through simulation using PSIM software and experiments with a 5 kW single-phase grid-connected inverter.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2017.07a
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• pp.268-269
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• 2017

This paper presents an improved current control strategy for a three-phase grid-connected inverter under distorted grid conditions. Distorted grid condition is undesirable due to negative effects such as power losses and heating problem in electrical equipments. To enhance the power quality of distributed generation systems under such a condition, a modulated finite control set - model predictive control (MFCS-MPC) scheme will be proposed, in which the optimal switching signals of inverter are chosen by online basis using the principle of current error minimization. In addition, the moving average filter (MAF) is used to improve the phase-lock loop in order to obtain the harmonic-free reference currents on the stationary frame. The usefulness of the proposed MFCS-MPC method is proved by the comparative simulation results under different operating conditions.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.66 no.5
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• pp.778-785
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• 2017

This paper presents a control method for reducing the distortion of the grid current at a grid-connected three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter. The grid current is distorted from the 5th and 7th harmonic components in the stationary frame current also the 6th harmonic component in the synchronous frame current. In this paper, the 6th harmonic component on synchronous frame is controlled by using all-pass filters (APFs) and proportional integral (PI) controllers for distortion of the grid side. When transformed the 6th harmonic component is controlled, the 5th and 7th harmonic components are reduced. The validity of the proposed control method is verified by simulation and experiment results using a 25kW three-level NPC inverter.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• v.10 no.S_1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2001

A new numerical weather prediction and dispersion model, the Operational Multi-scale Environment model with Grid Adaptivity(OMEGA) including an embedded Atmospheric Dispersion Model(ADM), is introduced as a next generation atmospheric simulation system for real-time hazard predictions, such as severe weather or the transport of hazardous release. OMEGA is based on an unstructured grid that can facilitate a continuously varying horizontal grid resolution ranging from 100 km down to 1 km and a vertical resolution from 20 -30 meters in the boundary layer to 1 km in the free atmosphere. OMEGA is also naturally scale spanning and time. In particular, the unstructured grid cells in the horizontal dimension can increase the local resolution to better capture the topography or important physical features of the atmospheric circulation and cloud dynamics. This means the OMEGA can readily adapt its grid to a stationary surface, terrain features, or dynamic features in an evolving weather pattern. While adaptive numerical techniques have yet to be extensively applied in atmospheric models, the OMEGA model is the first to exploit the adaptive nature of an unstructured gridding technique for atmospheric simulation and real-time hazard prediction. The purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed description of the OMEGA model, the OMEGA system, and a detailed comparison of OMEGA forecast results with observed data.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.517-525
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• 2015

A grid connected inverter must be operated as the main electricity source under an isolated condition caused by the grid problem. Conventionally, the dual loop controller is used for the grid inverter, and the controller is used for control under the stand-alone mode. Generally, the PI(Proportional - Integral) controller is highly efficient under a synchronous reference frame, and stable control can be available. However, in this synchronous frame-based control, high-quality DSP is required because many sinusoidal calculations are necessary. When the PI control is conducted under a stationary frame, the controller constructions are made simple so that they work even with a low-price micro controller. However, given the characteristics of the PI controller, it should be designed with the phase of reference voltage considered. Otherwise, the phase delay of the output voltage can occur. Although the current controller also has a higher bandwidth than the voltage controller, distortion of the voltage is difficult to avoid only by the rapid response of the PI controller, as a sudden load change can occur in the nonlinear load. In this study, a new control method that solves the voltage controller bandwidth problem and rapidly copes with it even in the nonlinear load situation is proposed. The validity of the proposed method is proved by simulation and experimental results.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.186-189
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• 2008

The flow induced vibration in the nuclear fuel assembly causes the fretting wear between the fuel cladding tubes and the supporting grids. The reduction in tube thickness due to the fretting wear could be related to the serious damage on nuclear fuel assembly. In this paper, the effect of the water flow on fretting wear of nuclear fuel cladding tube against supporting grid was investigated through the fretting wear tester with water spout equipment. The test results were compared with the data conducted in the stationary water. At stationary water environment the wear debris was trapped between fretting surfaces, and then the fretting wear occurred by three-body abrasion. However, in the case of water flow, the two-body abrasive wear was the dominant wear mechanism, because the wear debris was easily removed by water flow.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.916-921
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• 2003

In most industrial applications, the geometrical complexity is combined with the moving boundaries. These problems considerably increase the computational difficulties since they require, respectively, regeneration and deformation of the grid. As a result, engineering flow simulation is restricted. In order to solve this kind of problems the immersed boundary method was developed. In this study, the immersed boundary method is applied to the numerical simulation of stationary, rotating and oscillating cylinders in the 2-dimensional square cavity. No-slip velocity boundary conditions are given by imposing feedback forcing term to the momentum equation. Besides, this technique is used with a second-order accurate interpolation scheme in order to improve the accuracy of flow near the immersed boundaries. The governing equations for the mass and momentum using the immersed boundary method are discretized on the non-staggered grid by using the finite volume method(FVM). This study presents the possibility of the immersed boundary method to apply to the complex flow experienced in the industrial applications.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1244-1253
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• 1990

Time-Marching methods solving Euler equations are used for calculation of two-dimensional, steady, inviscid flow through a stationary compressor cascade. Calculation method is based on the Denton`s opposed difference scheme. A smoothing in the axial direction is used to increase the stability of solution. The computational grid consists of quadrilateral elements, one of which has four nodes at each corner and the grid points on the upper periodic boundaries are located one pitch away from those on the lower boundaries to satisfy the periodicity condition. Results of calculation show good agreement with other computational and experimental results, proving that the present method of calculation should be applied with confidence for the cascade flow with shock wave.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2015

A Bayesian nonstationary probability rainfall estimation model using the Grid method is developed. A hierarchical Bayesian framework is consisted with prior and hyper-prior distributions associated with parameters of the Gumbel distribution which is selected for rainfall extreme data. In this study, the Grid method is adopted instead of the Matropolis Hastings algorithm for random number generation since it has advantage that it can provide a thorough sampling of parameter space. This method is good for situations where the best-fit parameter values are not easily inferred a priori, and where there is a high probability of false minima. The developed model was applied to estimated target year probability rainfall using hourly rainfall data of Seoul station from 1973 to 2012. Results demonstrated that the target year estimate using nonstationary assumption is about 5~8% larger than the estimate using stationary assumption.