• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1549-1556
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• 2004

We have deigned, fabricated and compared four different types of static chaos microfluid mixers, including the mixers using straight channel flow, microblock-induced alternating whirl flow, microchannel-induced lamination flow, and combined alternating whirl-lamination flow. Among them, the alternating whirl-lamination (AWL-type) mixer, composed of 3-D rotationally arranged microblocks and dividing microchannels fabricated by conventional planar lithography process, is effective to reduce the mixing length over wide flow rate ranges. We characterize the performance of the fabricated mixers, through the flow visualization technique using phenolphthalein solution. We verify that the AWL-type microfluid mixer shows the shortest fluid mixing length of 2.8mm∼5.8mm for the flow rate range of Re=0.26∼26 with the pressure drop lower than 5kPa. Compared to the previous mixers, requiring the mixing lengths of 7∼17mm, the AWL-type microfluid mixer results in the 60% reduction of the mixing lengths. Due to the reduced mixing lengths within reasonable pressure drop ranges, the present micromixers have potentials for use in the miniaturized Micro-Total-Analysis-Systems($\mu$TAS).

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.397-404
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• 2012

디젤엔진 SCR 시스템 내에서 $NO_x$를 저감을 위한 베인 타입 스태틱 믹서의 혼합유동특성을 수치적으로 연구하였다. 믹서는 원형관의 입구로부터 유동방향으로 직경의 57배 떨어진 구간에 설치하였다. 베인이 유동 축과 이루는 각과 베인의 크기 그리고 위치의 변화에 따른 유동 및 혼합특성을 고찰하였다. 원형관내에서 믹서를 통과하는 유동의 특성은 UI, 선회비, 그리고 압력계수와 같은 특성화된 성능지수로 나타내었다. 해석결과 성능지수들은 베인 각과 차단비, 베인 위치와 같은 기하학적 변수에 영향을 받음을 확인하였다. 특히, 베인 각, 베인 크기가 커지거나 원형관내의 벽면에 가까이 설치될수록 선회비는 증가하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.62-72
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• 1997

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집(Proceeding of the KOSME 2000 Autumn Annual Meeting)
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• pp.91-98
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• 2000

The fuels of water-in-oil emulsion have a potential of reducing PM(Particulate Matter) and NOx emissions, and increassing combustion efficiency in the furnaces and the burners. For making the most of the beneficial of the secondary atomization due to the microexplosion, the water droplets distributed in the oil must have the optimal sizes. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the water droplet size distribution characteristics of the different types of the static mixers. For analysing the size distribution characteristics efficiently, image analysis system was constructed and an appropriate image processing algorithm was developed. Two kinds of static mixers: Kenics type and RF type, were tested. As a results, RF type static mixer shows a better characteristics in the mean drop sizes, particularly in the condition of high water content.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.904-911
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• 2001

The fuels of water-in-oil emulsion have a potential of reducing PM(Particulate Matter) and NOx emissions, and increasing combustion efficiency in the furnaces and the burners. For making the most of the beneficial of the secondary atomization due to the microexplosion, the water droplets distributed in the oil must have the optimal sizes. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the water droplet size distribution characteristics of the different types of the static mixers. For analysis the size distribution characteristics efficiently, image analysis system wes constructed and an appropriate image processing algorithm was developed. Two kinds of static mixers: Kenics type and RF type, were tested. As a results, RF type static mixer shows a better characteristics in the mean drop size, particularly in the condition of high water content.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1955-1960
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• 2003

Static mixers have found a large range of applications, including blending, reaction, dispersion, heat transfer and mass transfer. All static mixers have in common a straight pipe or transfer tube into which individual elements are inserted to cut, fold, twist and re-combine the mixing fluid. The operations virtually ensure uniformity in composition, concentration, viscosity and temperature. The objective of this study is to perform the experimental investigations of mixing characteristics for three mixing element types. The resulting mixing patterns were recorded with a digital camera. OPTIMAS was used to analysis the visualized images. The results clearly indicated that the mixing characteristics was highly influenced by the mixer types or mixing mode.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2007

Turbulent in-situ mixing process is a new material process technology to get dispersed phase in nanometer size by controlling reaction of liquid/solid, liquid/gas, flow ana solidification speed simultaneously. In this study, mixing which is the key technology to this synthesis method was studied by computational fluid dynamics. For the simulation of mixing of liquid metal, static mixers investigated. Two inlets for different liquid metal meet ana merge like 'Y' shape tube having various shapes and radios of curve. The performance of mixer was evaluated with quantitative analysis with coefficient of variance of mass fraction. Also, detailed plots of intersection were presented to understand effect of mixer shape on mixing. The simulations show that the Reynolds number (Re) is the important factor to mixing and dispersion of $TiB_2$ particles. Mixer was designed according to the simulation, and $Cu-TiB_2$ nano composites were evaluated. $TiB_2$ nano particles were uniformly dispersed when Re was 1000, and cluster formation and reduction in volume fraction of $TiB_2$ were found at higher Re.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.459-469
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• 2009

It is well known that coagulation pretreatment can reduce foulants prior to membrane filtration. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of coagulation on fouling of ceramic microfiltration membrane($0.1 {\mu}m$) using pilot plant of $150m^3/day/train$ capacity. Train A membrane system has pretreatment process of ozonation and coagulation while train B has only coagulation. Two types of coagulation operation were investigated: back mixer(rapid mixing with or without slow mixing) which is a conventional mechanically stirred mixer and an inline static mixer. Ozone dose rate for train A was 1 mg/L and ozone contact time was 12 min. The coagulation dose(PACl 10% as $Al_2O_3$) rate was changed 20~40 mg/L according to experimental schedule. In this experimental conditions, the coagulation of back mixer type with rapid mixing(GT=72,000) and slow mixing(GT=45,000) was the best effective in reduction of ceramic membrane fouling regardless preozonation. Especially, the effect of inline static mixer was sensitive to change in water quality. Ozonation mainly affected irreversible fouling rather than reversible fouling in accordance with less adsorption of NOM on the membrane surface. Thus, the increase rate of the nomalized TMP(trans membrane pressure) at $25^{\circ}C$ for train A was relatively lower than that of train B under same coagulation process with same coagulant dosage. The best performance of ceramic membrane appeared in case of combined process with ozonation, therefore this integrated process is able to archive less coagulant dosing and secure a stability of ceramic membrane system.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.429-434
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• 2016

중대형 출력의 해상용 디젤엔진에서 여러 탈질 기술 중 요소(Urea)를 환원제로 사용하는 Urea-SCR 시스템이 가장 검증된 기술로 알려져 있다. 요소수의 경우 Urea-SCR 시스템의 노즐 특성 및 혼합기 유 무에 의한 분무거동 및 혼합특성이 시스템 효율에 지대한 영향을 미친다. 따라서 본 연구는 SCR 시스템의 최적 설계를 위해 혼합기 적용에 따른 반응영역에서의 분무거동 특성 및 암모니아 균일도를 전산해석기법으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 혼합구간의 $NH_3$농도로 비춰 볼 때 SCR 시스템의 성능 향상을 보장하기 위해서는 환원제의 균일도를 고려한 특정 형상의 혼합기의 적용이 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히 선박용 SCR 시스템은 설치 공간 제약에 따라 혼합구간 단축을 위해 혼합기 적용은 필수적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.106-115
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• 2005

Bio-diesel as fatty acid methyl ester was derived from such oils as soybean, peanut and canola oil by lipase catalyzed continuous trans-esterification. So the activation of lipase(Novozym - 435) was kept to be up to 4:1, the limiting molar ratio of methanol to oil under one-step addition of methanol due to the miscibility of oil and methanol through the static mixer for 4hrs and the elimination of glycerol on the surface of lipase by 7wt% silica gel. Therefore the overall yield of fatty acid methyl ester from soybean oil appeared to be 98% at 50$^{\cdot}C$ of reaction temperature under two-steps addition of methanol with 2${\times}$2:1 of methanol to oil molar ratio at an interval of 5.5hrs, 7wt% of lipase, 24 number of mixer elements, 0.2ml/min of flow rate and 7wt% of silica gel.