• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.371-376
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• 2001

The operating point of a small-sized axial fan for refrigerator is strongly dependent upon the system resistance. Therefore, the turbulent flow characteristics around a small-sized axial fan may change significantly according to the operating point. This study represents three-dimensional turbulent flow characteristics around a small-sized axial fan measured at the four operating points such as $\varphi=0.1$, 0.18, 0.25 and 0.32 by using fiber-optic type LDA system. This LDA system is composed of a 5 W Argon-ion laser, two optics in back-scatter mode, three BSA's, a PC, and a three-dimensional automatic traversing system. A kind of paraffin fluid is utilized for supplying particles by means of fog generator. Mean velocity profiles downstream of a small-sized axial fan along the radial distance show that both the streamwise and the tangential components exist predominantly in downstream except $\varphi=0.1$ and have a maximum value at the radial distance ratio of about 0.8, but the radial component, which its velocity is relatively small, is acting role that only turns flow direction to the outside or the central part of axial fan. Moreover, all of the velocity components downstream at $\varphi=0.1$ show much smaller than those upstream due to the static pressure rise at the low-flowrate region.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.90-98
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• 2005

HMT is a type of continuously variable transmission which has split power flow path characteristics with gear train and hydro static unit. The benefit of improved fuel economy and high power capacity enables it to be a promising application fur large vehicles. This paper presents the analysis results including velocity, static torque, transmission efficiency and dynamic model of the HMT that is developed for city buses. The speeds or gear shafts, the static clutch torque and split power ratio for each mode are detailed here. From the analysis of HMT transmission efficiency considering the power loss in meshed gear and hydraulic unit, we can conclude that minimization of hydraulic power is necessary for improved fuel economy design. Also, the dynamic simulation result for mode shift characteristics shows that little shift shock is observed because of the synchronized rotation speed in clutch.

• 한국기계기술학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2011

The triple eccentric butterfly valve has metal sheet and this study about butterfly valve ceiling is an innovative approach. But it is affected by the static pressure as well as cross-current. The damage at the valve on the pipe resulted from the reflux is due to valve leakage. This study is investigated on the triple eccentric disk and it is applied with angle and the static pressure in all cases to develop cross-current triple eccentric butterfly valves. The disc with the diameter of 300A is valve against flow velocity. The entrance pressure by flow characteristics is performed with numerical analysis. As the result, valve torque production is reduced more than the conventional triple eccentric valve and entrance pressure is decreased on the increase of valve open angle. And flow coefficient can be known to be increased.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.426-431
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• 2001

This paper experimentally investigates the characteristics of dual coaxial jet issuing from inner supersonic nozzle and four kinds of outer converging nozzle of 40, 50, $60^{\circ}$ and $70^{\circ}$ in outer ejection angle. The pressure ratio of the stagnation to the exit ambient pressures in the inner supersonic nozzle of constant expansion rate is 7.5, which is corresponded to the condition of a slightly underexpanded, and that of outer nozzle is 4.0. Flow visualizations by using of shadowgraph method, impact pressure and centerline static pressure measurements are presented. It is found that the jet structure is changed significantly by the variation of outer nozzle ejection angle. Impact pressure level is lower and undulation of static pressure is higher, as the injection angle of outer jet increases.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.623-638
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• 2012

The volume of fluid (VOF) model of FLUENT and the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) are used to simulate two-phase flows. Both methods are validated for static and dynamic bubble test cases and then compared to experimental results. The VOF method does not reduce the spurious currents of the static droplet test and does not satisfy the Laplace law for small droplets at the acceptable level, as compared with the LBM. For single bubble flows, simulations are executed for various Eotvos numbers, Morton numbers and Reynolds numbers, and the results of both methods agree well with the experiments in the case of low Eotvos numbers. For high Eotvos numbers, the VOF results deviated from the experiments. For multiple bubbles, the bubble flow characteristics are related by the wake of the leading bubble. The coaxial and oblique coalescence of the bubbles are simulated successfully and the subsequent results are presented. In conclusion, the LBM performs better than the VOF method.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.451-459
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• 1998

THe influence of internal acoustic exitation through a square prism on the turbulent wake flow characteristics was investigated. The intermediate wake region where is about ten times the respective length of the body was experimentally investigated using a conditional phase average technique. At first the static base pressures of square prism and the shedding frequencies have been measured at various internal acoustic exciation frequencies. The experiment were performed under the four cases of internal acoustic excitation frequencies 0Hz 30Hz($St_e$=0.09) 65Hz($St_e$=0.20) 120Hz($St_e$=0.38) And velocity vector fields were presented and discussed. The influence of acoustic exvitation frequencies on the structure of intermediate turbulent wake region is evident. As the internal acoustic frequency increased shedding frequency gradually increased and aerodynamic force decreased. Also it was found that the vortex shedding occurs dratically well and shedding frequency reached nearly the same value as the internal acoustic frequency. but above Strouhal number 0.3 the influence disappeared.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2006

The turbulent flow field characteristics of a gun-type gas burner with and without a duct were investigated under the isothermal condition of non-combustion. Vectors and mean velocities were measured by hot-wire anemometer system with an X-type hot-wire probe in this paper. The turbulent flow field with a duct seems to cause a counter-clockwise recirculation flow from downstream to upstream due to the unbalance of static pressure between a main jet flow and a duct wall. Moreover, the recirculation flow seems to expand the main jet flow to the radial and to shorten it to the axial. Therefore, the turbulent flow field with a duct increases a radial momentum but decreases a axial momentum. As a result, an axial mean velocity component with a duct above the downstream range of about X/R=1.5 forms a smaller magnitude than that without a duct in the inner part of a burner, but it shows the opposite trend in the outer part.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.1314-1319
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• 2004

In this study, parameter optimization of micro-static mixer with a cantilever beam was accomplished for maximizing the mixing efficiency by using successive response surface approximations. Variables were chosen as the length of cantilever beam and the angle between horizontal and the cantilever beam. Sequential approximate optimization method was used to deal with both highly nonlinear and non-smooth characteristics of flow field in a micro-static mixer. Shape optimization problem of a micro-static mixer can be divided into a series of simple subproblems. Approximation to solve the subproblems was performed by response surface approximation, which does not require the sensitivity analysis. To verify the reliability of approximated objective function and the accuracy of it, ANOVA analysis and variables selection method were implemented, respectively. It was verified that successive response surface approximation worked very well and the mixing efficiency was improved very much comparing with the initial shape of a micro-static mixer.

• 연구논문집
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• 통권23호
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• pp.5-13
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• 1993

The present work deals with the theoretical prediction of static & dynamic characteristic of annular type externally pressurized thrust air bearings with metal-sintered porous media. For the evaluation of surface loading effect by machining, it is assumed that the flow at the porous surface is dominant and which is equivalent to the flow through orifice. Finite different method with over-relaxation method is used to solve the numerical problems. The influences of radius ratio, supply pressure and squeeze number on performances are investigated, as the results. The results of this study can be used to predict the optimal running condition and stable realm of porous bearings.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제17권32호
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• pp.63-71
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• 1994

The purpose of this paper is to describe an effective cell scheduling system for flexible manufacturing cells. Based on the FMC characteristics, cell scheduling can be defined as a dynamic modified flow shop working in a real-time system. This paper attempt to find the optimal cell scheduling when minimizing the mean flow time for n-job/m-machine problems in static and dynamic environments. Real-time scheduling in an FMC environment requires rapid computation of the schedule.