• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.61-75
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• 2020

In this study, external representation presented in two units, 'Property of Gas' and 'Changes of States of Matter,' in seventh grade of 2015 revised science curriculum, were analyzed to suggest educational implications. External representations presented in five science textbooks were analyzed according to the six criteria, which were 'type of representation,' 'interpretation of surface features,' 'relatedness to text,' 'existence and properties of a caption,' 'degree of correlation between representations comprising a multiple one,' and 'function of representation.' The characteristics of typical representations related to each achievement standard of two units were also analyzed. The results were as follows: The macro representations for 'type of representation', and explicit representations for 'interpretation of surface features' showed highest frequency. For 'relatedness to text' criteria, 'completely related and linked' and 'completely related and unlinked' representations showed the highest frequency. It means that most representations were properly related with the text. There were appropriate captions for most representations. The degree of correlation between representations comprising a multiple one was largely sufficiently linked with regards to the criteria 'degree of correlation between representations comprising a multiple one'. The complete representations for 'function of representation' showed the highest frequency in the aggregate, however incomplete representations showed more frequencies in the inquiry parts. The typical representations for each achievement standard differed in terms of the type, contained information, used symbols and so on. The educational implications with the use of representations presented in seventh grade textbook were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• no.93
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• pp.231-260
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• 2011

Simondon's theory of individuation and methodology of transduction presents a possibility of contemporary natural philosophy and a new perspective about the relation between philosophy and sciences. According to Simondon's anti-substantial viewpoint, being, as a metastable system charged with potential energy, complicates itself with quantum leaps transversing successive equilibriums. Individuation is the becoming of phases of being which transits from preindividual state to individuated states. Physical individuation as a paradigmatic model of individuation in general demonstrates not only insufficiency of form-oriented hylomorphism, but also spontaneous formational capacity of matter and reality of energetic relational operation immanent in matter. Genesis of a individual (structure or form) occurs as a resolution of the disparation between orders of magnitude, that is, the difference of potentials immanent in nature through the internal resonance, communication by information, transductive relation between the opposites. I'm trying to show that Simondon revives 'physis' of ancient natural philosophy by his own transductive applications of contemporary physics' conceptions, and therefore suggest a new non-reductive materialism. Especially Simondon's 'transduction' which is neither induction, deduction, nor dialectic, but an original ontological process and a peculiar method of thinking, I think, is worthy of note in order to construct network of knowledge and inter-relation between various sciences.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.430-435
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• 2003

The phenomenon of electrical explosion of conductors is considered in the context of the changes in the energy and structural states of the metal at the stages of energy delivery and relaxation of the primary products of EEC. It is shown that these changes are related to the forced interaction of an intense energy flux with matter and to the subsequent spontaneous relaxation processes. The characteristics of nano-sized metal powders are also discussed. The preferential gas media during EEC is Ar+$H_2$. An increase in $e/e_s$ (in the range of values studied) leads to a reduction in the metal content. For reactive powders obtained with high metal content, it is necessary to separate the SFAP fractions, which settled on the negative electrode of the electric filter.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.158-166
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• 2014

Purpose. This study pursued the way for the effective application of the differentiated charge (Nursing grading system) by the nursing manpower which is performed for the nursing service quality improvement to the in-patients in Korea and the minimum employment problem solution of nurses. Methods. For this matter, the status of the nursing grade for 1,452 hospitals (44 high class general hospitals, 259 general hospitals, 265 hospitals, 59 oriental medicine hospitals and 825 recuperation hospitals) was identified which were registered in the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in March 2011 status quo. Results. In the most nursing grade by the kind of medical institutions, 70.5% of the nurses were third-graded in upper general hospitals, 38.1% were sixth graded in general hospitals, 62.7% were seventh-graded in oriental medicine hospitals and 40.4% were first-graded in recuperation hospitals. In the nursing grade by the scale of hospitals (in terms of the number of beds), there was a significant difference in general hospitals, but there was no significant difference between oriental medicine hospitals and recuperation hospitals. In the nursing grade by the location of hospitals and the foundation type of hospitals, there was a significant difference between general hospitals and recuperation hospitals. Conclusion. For the effectiveness of applying differentiated nursing fees by the number of nurses, it seems necessary to consider adjusting the present differentiated inpatient-charge system for the better so that small and medium-sized hospitals may induce more nurses.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.15-25
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• 2015

The Olin Library in St. Louis was an important design competition for the United States in the 1950's, the rear of America's modern architecture. The participants of this competition were a variety of representative architects and groups of its time. With the library's functional rationality, the Olin Library competition was legible of the aspects of modern architectural flow. The competition required two demands. The first demand was absolute importance in character definition of place, which was to satisfy the site conditions approached from campus design. Secondly was related to interpretation of morphological symbolism in an architectural matter. The experiments of American modern architecture started to change its ideal goal gradually ; accommodating the altering public's code, at the same time, maintaining the original modern value was the reason to changing the ideal goal. As a turning point, the Olin Library should be understood as an important work, which divulged the value change of architectural interpretation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.12-12
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• 2010

By using scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/S), we can make images of various physical properties in nanometer-scale spatial resolutions. Here, I demonstrate imaging of two electron-correlated subjects; screening and superconductivity by STM/S. The electrostatic potential around a charge is described with the Coulomb potential. When the charge is located in a metal, the potential is modified because of the free electrons in the host. The potential modification, called screening, is one of the fundamental phenomena in the condensed matter physics. Using low-temperature STM we have developed a method to measure electrostatic potential in high spatial and energy resolutions, and observed the potential around external charges screened by two-dimensional surface electronic states. Characteristic potential decay and the Friedel oscillation were clearly observed around the charges [1]. Superconductivity of nano-size materials, whose dimensions are comparable with the coherence length, is quite different from their bulk. We investigated superconductivity of ultra-thin Pb islands by directly measuring the superconducting gaps using STM. The obtained tunneling spectra exhibit a variation of zero bias conductance (ZBC) with a magnetic field, and spatial mappings of ZBC revealed the vortex formation [2]. Size dependence of the vortex formation will be discussed at the presentation.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

Libraries are still conservative in their approach or practice of providing various services for the unspecified majority of visitors attending these institutions. It is very apparent that libraries are not actively trying to increase the interest and participation of users by applying the various angles or elements associated with gamification. By its very nature, gamification is the application of game-playing elements such as point scoring, peer competition, team work, score tables, and such used to motivate participants and make them more engaged with the subject matter. In areas such as education, marketing, and exercise, the implementation of gamification techniques is actively taking place in order to maximum participation by taking advantage of uncertainties or the competitive nature that many people have with the setting of goals. In this study, four libraries that have applied gamification are analyzed to understand how and to what degree gamification has been applied. Broken down into four different elements, this includes: Point, Reward, Leaderboards & Competition, Self-expression & Achievement. By focusing on the results of this analysis, gamification measures that can be applied to other libraries are specifically proposed. The overall results of this study will provide useful guidance and potential plans for libraries seeking to increase the number of users by using gamification to increase user participation and/or satisfaction with additional library services.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.44-51
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• 2005

A recent study conducted by KOTI reported that regional and urban read congestion costs in Korea are continually rising in the ranges between 3.1% thru 4.1% of GDP in the every respective year during the past 10 years. The report explicates that the congestion problem has motivated sharp raise of the logistics expenditure from 4.4% of GDP in the year of 1998 to 16% in the year of 2003. Even though, the government has allotted annual budget in the ranges between 2.7% and 3.7% of GDP to the SOC investment for the consecutive years of past decade, the amounts are however far less and insufficient to meet with social requirements and its demands. The cost of logistics has been excessively went up much higher rate than that of other industries and that of 9.6% in Japan and United States respectively It is obvious that the high logistics cost could be a detrimental factor to fierce emulation with others in the global trade market. Therefore it is an essential matter to eliminate or exclude all the probable sources that might cause or create extra costs on logistics. In consideration of such situation in Korea, the SOC investment with private capital could be a best cogitable scheme to acquire its prompt demand solutions and stimulate the emulation ability in the international trade market what's more betterment for all of our quality life in the near future.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.57-79
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• 2007

Laws regarding to Arbitration in North Korea are Arbitration Act, Foreign Economic Arbitration Act, Regulations on the Foreign Trade Arbitration Commission, Regulation for treatment of cases in Arbitration Commission, Rules of Hearing. North Korea has enacted the laws related to Arbitration including Arbitration Act enacted in 1995 and Foreign Economic Arbitration Act enacted in 1999. In the North Korea's planed economy system, as there will be many disputes among organizations, companies, other Institutions Arbitration Act resolves the disputes to compete the economic plan. North Korea's Arbitration Act is different from Normal Arbitration Acts in particular other socialist states in view of arbitration agreement and selection of arbitrator and functions as the tools controlling the members of North Korea and have the characteristics such as national arbitration system and mixture of criminal trial and governmental control and strict legal control system on violent acts in North Korea's plan and plan regulation. And North Korea's Arbitration Act deals with the civil disputes and limits the parties and subject matter of arbitration. The parties in dispute such as organizations, companies, other Institutions could apply for arbitration to Central Arbitration Body and Provincial (City under the direct control of Government) Arbitration Body and Sectional Arbitration Body. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the enhancement of the understanding arbitration in North Korea by studying the clauses in the Arbitration Act.

• Journal of Public Diplomacy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.57-79
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• 2021

Drawing on the theories of mediated public diplomacy, intermedia agenda-building, and homophily, this study aims to compare the effectiveness of the public diplomacy efforts made by the Saudi and Qatari governments during the Gulf diplomatic crisis. The study examines the respective international agenda-building influence of the state-sponsored media from the two competing Gulf states on the regional and international media's coverage of the crisis. Results show that, compared to Saudisponsored Al Arabiya, Qatari-sponsored Al Jazeera was more effective in shaping the agendas of the regional and international media. Whereas Al Arabiya has a weak first-level agenda-building influence and a moderate-to-strong influence at the second and the third levels, Al Jazeera demonstrates a strong agenda-building influence on the foreign media outlets at all of the three levels. We also analyze the impact of political proximity and the language of the media content (English or Arabic) on the agenda-building relationships. Still, the results suggest that, compared to Al Arabiya, Al Jazeera was more successful in shaping the agendas of the regional and international news media-no matter where they are based in the allied or the opposing countries. Also, we observe a higher level of consistency between Arabic- and English-language content in Al Jazeera.