• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.298-300
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• 2002

The design of a measurement system to perform Harmonic State Estimation (HSE) is a very complex problem. In particular, the number of available harmonic instruments(Continuous Harmonic Analysis in Real Time : CHART) is always limited. Therefore, a systematic procedure is needed to design the optimal placement of measurement points. This paper presents a new HSE algorithm which is based on an optimal placement of measurement points using Genetic Algorithms (GAs). This HSE has been applied to the New Zealand AC Power System for the validation of the new HSE algorithm. The study results have indicated an economical and effective method for optimal placement of measurement points using GAs in the HSE.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.317-326
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• 2015

The paper deals with the analysis of the effectiveness of acoustic emission monitoring and diagnostics of engineering products. We discuss the results of the processing results of the field experiment to study the acoustic emission in the alloy and its welded joints in the presence of technological defects. We study the characteristics of the output of acoustic emission signals at different stages of elastic-plastic deformation of alloys. Analyzed acoustic chart and the output waveform of the acoustic emission for the different types of welds. Studies have shown the effectiveness of the Acoustic emission techniques and help improve the accuracy of non-destructive testing systems in problems of automation and control.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.92-94
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• 2003

The design of a measurement system to perform Harmonic State Estimation(HSE) is a very complex problem. In particular, the number of available harmonic instruments (Continuous Harmonic Analysis in Real Time : CHART) is always limited. Therefore, a systematic procedure is needed to design the optimal placement of measurement points. This paper presents an optimal algorithm of HSE which is based on an optimal placement of measurement points using Immune Algorithm (IAs). This HSE has been applied to power system for the validation of an optimal algorithm of HSE. The study results have indicated an economical and effective method for optimal placement of measurement points using IAs in the HSE.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.563-565
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• 1999

실시간 시스템은 응용분야의 특성상 높은 신뢰성을 요구하므로 설계시 시스템의 정확성과 안전성을 보장하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 신뢰성 보장을 위한 방법으로 정형기법(formal method)을 이용한 명세 방법이 연구되어 왔다. 정형적인 명세를 사용하는 경우 원하는 시스템의 특성에 대한 검증이 가능하며 자연어로 명세한 경우보다 모호함이 줄어들어 의사소통을 하는데 있어서 명확성을 제공한다. 그러나 이런 장점에도 불구하고 객체 지향 개발 방법론에서의 정형적인 명세에 관한 연구가 미흡하다. 본 논문에서는 객체 지향적 모델을 기반으로 하는 실시간 시스템을 위한 정형명세 언어인 Timed State Chart(TSC)를 제안한다. TSC는 Statecharts와 같은 계층적 상태 기계 모델(state machine model)로서 다양한 시간 제약사항의 명세를 위해 클릭 변수(clock variable)를 도입하여 실시간 객체(Real-Time Object 또는 RTO)를 명세한다. TSC를 이용하여 기존의 연구에서 표현할 수 없었던 주가와 마감시간과 같은 실시간 시스템의 다양한 요구사항을 효과적으로 표현할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.442-452
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of abdominal breathing on state anxiety, stress and tocolytic dosage for pregnant women in preterm labor. Methods: The participants were 60 pregnant women in preterm labor who were hospitalized from April to July, 2009. Thirty participants were assigned to the experimental group and 30 to the control group. None of them had any other complications except preterm labor. The modified Mason's breathing technique was used with the experimental group 3 times a day for 3 days. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire and chart review, and analyzed with the SPSS 13.0 WIN program. Results: "State anxiety of the experimental group will be lower than that of the control group" was supported. "Stress of the experimental group will be lower than that of the control group" was supported. "The Ritodrine dosage for the experimental group will be lower than that of the control group" was supported. "The Atosiban dosage for the experimental group will be lower than that of the control group" was supported. Conclusion: These results indicate that abdominal breathing is an effective nursing intervention for pregnant women in preterm labor.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.44 no.8
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• pp.929-938
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• 2012

The Computerized Procedure System (CPS) is one of the primary operating support systems in the digital Main Control Room. The CPS displays procedure on the computer screen in the form of a flow chart, and displays plant operating information along with procedure instructions. It also supports operator decision making by providing a system decision. A procedure flow should be correct and reliable, as an error would lead to operator misjudgment and inadequate control. In this paper we present a modeling for the CPS that enables formal verification based on Petri nets. The proposed State Token Petri Nets (STPN) also support modeling of a procedure flow that has various interruptions by the operator, according to the plant condition. STPN modeling is compared with Coloured Petri net when they are applied to Emergency Operating Computerized Procedure. A converting program for Computerized Procedure (CP) to STPN has been also developed. The formal verification and validation methods of CP with STPN increase the safety of a nuclear power plant and provide digital quality assurance means that are needed when the role and function of the CPS is increasing.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.91-105
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• 2019

The paper aims to combine balance sheet analysis at the firm level with the International Monetary Fund's public debt sustainability assessment framework to assess state-owned enterprises' (SOE) leverage as a contingent liability to the public sector. Based on company data and the interest coverage ratio as a measure of debt at risk, aggregate baseline scenarios are projected to gauge the magnitude of SOE debt as a contingency. SOE's financial and debt ratios are first bootstrapped to generate firm-level distributions and then averaged into a fan chart of the economy-wide SOE contingent liability. Applied to the People's Republic of China as an example, the study finds that by the end of 2015 SOE leverage had grown to a substantial liability. However arbitrary the assumptions underlying these projections, it would appear that even if authorities had to mop up as much as 20% of SOE debt at risk gone bad, this would have been manageable at roughly 2.7% of the gross domestic product in 2016 or 5.5% by 2021. This projection framework is fully amenable to alternative assumptions and settings, which makes it a useful analytical tool to monitor contingent liabilities from non-financial corporate debt that have been building in emerging and advanced economies alike.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.843-846
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• 2008

There are a lot of municipalities that do not grasp even by the current state of having public facilities though various management&maintenance researches have been done. Therefore this research aimed to make it to the foundation of the maintenance management plan establishment of the municipality in the future through investigating, analyzing the current state of management&maintenance of the public facilities. Tn the beginning, I collected data through a questionnaire of the community facilities of the municipality. To read the current state of the management condition of the object facilities from the collection data, I applied the radar chart that used the deviation value of the evaluation index and PPM matrix. As a result of the analysis, I discovered that there is a municipality thought to having efficient facilities maintenance management.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.617-626
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• 2023

In this study, three-dimensional numerical parametric study was conducted to explore deformation mechanisms of grouped piled-raft-foundation due to lateral load in clays. Effects of load intensity, loading angle, soil stiffness, pile diameter, pile spacing and pile length on foundation deformations were explored. It is found that the smallest and largest movements of pile foundation are induced when the loading angles are 0° and 30°~60°, respectively. By increasing loading angle from 0° to 30°~60°, the resultant horizontal movements and settlements increase by up to 20.0% and 57.1%, respectively. Since connection beams can substantially increase integrity of four piled raft foundation, resultant horizontal movements, settlements and bending moments induced in the piled raft foundation decrease by up to 54.0%, 8.8% and 46.3%, respectively. By increasing soil stiffness five times, resultant horizontal movements and settlements of pile foundation decrease by up to 61.7% and 13.0%, respectively. It is indicated that effects of connection beam and soil stiffness on settlements of pile foundation are relatively small. When pile diameter is less than 1.4 m, deformations of piled raft foundation decrease substantially as a reduction in the pile diameter. Two dimensional groups are proposed to develop calculation charts of horizontal movements and settlements of pile foundation. The proposed calculation charts can directly estimate movements of piled raft foundation under arbitrary loading, ground and pile conditions.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.119-128
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• 2004

There is a lack of user centered design methods that support effective collaboration between designers and end-users for designing hardware and software integrated digital products. This paper presents the application of Collaborative Design and a new collaborative design prototyping tool for interactive digital product design projects. The tool consists of STCtools(State Transition Chart tools) software, hardware modeling materials, and physical interface toolkits for integrating software and hardware. STCtools allow users to create and edit States, to compose Events describing transitions between States, and to run intermediate or final results of STC. Using the hardware modeling materials and the physical interface toolkit, designers and end-users can collaborately examine the hardware and software integrated concepts in an early stage of the design process. Three collaborative design workshops of designing a portable digital guide for a theme park were accomplished to examine the feasibility of the tool. The results suggested that the tool supported iterative concept development and interactions between designers and end users. Although several user interface problems of STCtools were identified, the participants gave positive feedback on the role of the tool in collaborative concept generation and deployment. It is expected that the results of this study contribute not only to the collaboration between designers and end users, but also to the collaboration between designers, and between designers and other professionals.