• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.235-245
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• 2023

This study examines the low performance of state civil servants related (ASN) to the management of public transportation at the Directorate of Road Transport (DRT), Ministry of Transportation, Indonesia. This study surveyed 103 ASNs, using a quantitative approach using the Amos SEM software. The results showed that Knowledge Sharing (KS) and Work Engagement (WE) directly influenced Innovative Work Behavior (IWB) as well as Job Performance (JP). Meanwhile, IWB had a significant, direct effect on JP and acts as a full mediator in the effect of KS and WE on JP. The descriptive data obtained also showed that respondents' statements based on gender have differences related to the IWB variable, where on average, women were better than men. However, for other variables (JP, KS, and WE), the data showed that, on average, the statements of male respondents were better than women. This study recommends that the DRT pay attention to IWB as a key factor mediating KS and WE towards increasing JP by maintaining the best indicators and improving the weakest indicators. Furthermore, this study recommends that future research refine these results by adding the variables of gender and educational level of the respondents.

• 대순사상과 동아시아종교
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.13-39
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• 2022

The author examines three new religious movements in South Korea: Jehovah's Witnesses, the Unification Church, and the Daesoon Jinrihoe, and aims to identify the factors that are conducive to the growth of each. All three organisations believe in a coming paradise, and the article explores their respective attempts to interest the populace in their appeal. Discussion is given to membership statistics and the problems of measuring allegiance and moves on to consider methods of propagation. Most obviously, evangelisation strategy is important: Jehovah's Witnesses and Unificationists have tended to engage the interest of strangers, while followers of Daesoon Jinrihoe are more inclined to evangelise family and friends. Additionally, there are other factors that determine an organisation's progress: cultural appropriateness, engagement in social and educational work, and attitudes to conflict and peace, the latter being particularly important in a society that has experienced war and occupation. Reference is made to the ways in which these three organisations finance themselves, and it is argued that financial resources merit greater attention in the scholarly study of religion, since monetary assets are needed to secure a spiritual movement's existence. Of the three organisations under discussion, the Daesoon Jinrihoe has been the most successful, being South Korea's largest new religion, while Jehovah's Witnesses are in steady state, and the Unification movement is experiencing slight decline.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.345-355
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• 2022

Excellent employees are those who take on extra responsibilities and commitments at work. Hence, employees must pay attention to out-of-role activities that can help the company perform better. When a person takes on more responsibilities than he can handle, they will have to deal with the issue of work-family balance. This paper examines how the consistency of WFC affects employees' organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) using the Resource Conservation Theory. This study uses empirical research methodologies to assess 417 employees as a sample. (1) When the matches of work-to-family conflict (WFC) and family-to-work conflict (FWC) are consistent, the employee self-control resource depletion level is lower, and OCB is higher in the "high-high" consistency matching state. (2) The "low-high" match had a higher OCB than the "high-low" match when the WFC and FWC matches were inconsistent. (3) In the process of WFC affecting OCB, the depletion of self-control resources acts as a mediating factor. (4) Emotional intelligence plays a moderating role in the whole model. The lower the emotional intelligence was, the stronger the positive relationship between the consistency of WFC, FWC, and self-control resource depletion was.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.167-179
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• 2022

The study aims to determine the influencing factors and their impact on the management of the forest land used for production allotted to peasant households and proposes solutions to improve its management. Secondary data was calculated until the end of 2019 at state agencies. The primary data was collected through 2 steps. To determine the factors influencing forest land management for production, step one involved a survey of 100 households that were given access to forest land. Step 2 involved a survey of 215 households to determine how factors impacted the Likert scale's five levels. The study also used a multivariate regression model and SPSS24.0 software to determine the impact rates of factor groups. The study indicated 43 factors that belong to 11-factor groups affecting the management of forest land for production. The policy and legal factors group is the most influential, with an impact rate of 12.72%, followed by 10 other factor groups with impact rates ranging from 4.08% to 11.74%. The solutions include improving policies and laws, strengthening the dissemination of policies and laws; encouraging investment, completing cadastral work, intensifying inspection, examination, and sanctioning of administrative violations of land, upgrading the infrastructure system, and ensuring enough human resources to manage forest land.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.169-175
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• 2022

Unexpected events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, can occur at any time and have an influence on all countries. The COVID-19 pandemic has infected more than 200 nations, including Indonesia. As a result of this phenomenon, Indonesia's state revenue system will need to be adjusted. Therefore, the goal of this research is to see if there are any differences in taxation in Indonesia as a result of the COVID-19 incident. The data was collected using the base years of 2018, 2019, and 2020. The information came from the financial statements of companies in the industrial sector that are publicly traded on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX). Purposive sampling was used, and there were 54 companies represented in the samples that met the criterion. In this study, the difference test was used as an analytical technique. According to the findings, there was no difference in the pattern of tax avoidance between pre-COVID-19 in 2019 and during the COVID-19 period in terms of leverage and fixed asset intensity. It occurred because the tax avoidance policy was implemented as a short-term fiscal strategy to ensure the company's existence. Finally, because these findings were restricted to the Indonesian environment, their generalizability was limited.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2022

The purpose of this research is to see if liquidity, non-performing assets, sensitivity, and efficiency have an impact on the profitability and capital of Indonesian state-owned banks. A random sample of public banks was used in this study. The data was collected from the first quarter of 2014 to the fourth quarter of 2019. Purposive sampling was used as the sampling technique. According to the findings of this study, liquidity (LDR) had a significant positive effect on capital but had no significant effect on profitability. Productive asset quality as proxied by the ACA and NPL ratios did not affect profitability or capital. As for the sensitivity ratio, which was proxied by the ratio of NOP and IRR, there were differences in behavior. Sensitivity had no significant impact on profitability or capital, while NOP had a significant positive impact on capital but not on profitability. In terms of efficiency, both OER and FBIR had a significant effect on profitability and capital, although in different directions. OER has a significant negative impact on both profitability and capital. Fee-based income (FBIR) had a significant positive impact on capital, but it had the opposite effect on profitability.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권8호
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• pp.7-17
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• 2022

The article discusses the problems caused by inflation in the developing Asia-Pacific region during the time of the worldwide pandemic and suggests innovative solutions to the problem. The reality is that some of the commodity groups from the consumer basket (e.g., non-seasonal fruits, electronics, furniture, hotel, and restaurant services, etc.) fail to reflect the needs of the low-income earners, which make the majority in developing countries. At the same time, the inflation targeting regime has become outdated and not reliable, because of uncontrolled exogenic factors (imported inflation, fluctuation in oil prices, supply chain disruption, Russia-Ukraine war, etc.) prevailing on endogenic factors and thus making it impossible to control the price stability, especially in developing countries. Since, the old-fashioned inflation index and inflation targeting mechanisms regrettably fail to fully reflect both the society and governmental/central banks' expectations, based on which we first should have better care and second create better policies; we propose to use a combination of already well-known indexes and policies, with the new statistical indicators, which reflects price fluctuations on the medication, utilities, and nutrition.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1117-1126
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• 2022

This study analyzed the effect of Corporate Social Responsibility and ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) score on information asymmetry from the perspective of investors, who are important stakeholders of the company. For KOSPI-listed companies from 2017 to 2020, the effect of ESG overall score and each item score (E, S, G) on the bid-ask spread, which is a proxy for information asymmetry, was confirmed. The results are as follows. First, the increase in corporate CSR activities resulted in lowering information asymmetry of investors. It was found that the higher the ESG score, an indicator of CSR activity, the lower the bid-ask spread, which is a proxy variable for information asymmetry. Second, as a result of analysis using ESG scores for each section, information asymmetry decreased as companies with higher scores in the environmental (E) and social (S) aspects, while the governance (G) score did not have a statistically significant effect. The analysis confirmed that corporate CSR activities can contribute to improving market efficiency by resolving information asymmetry of investors and convergence of the stock market into a state of equilibrium. This means that the company's CSR activities are reflected in the investment decision-making, which suggests that the company should consider the investor as a stakeholder in decision-making related to CSR activities.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2022

This study examines changes in income for Vietnam's service labors during COVID-19. A person's income depends on several factors, such as educational level, working area, the number of activities creating jobs, the cost of living, investment, etc. This research was based on a survey of 479 workers in Vietnam's service sector, who were evenly distributed across sectors (tourism and aviation) and workplaces (State and private). Based on the collected data, the REM regression model was used to analyze the factors influencing employee income when COVID-19 took place. The research returns show that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a considerable influence on labor incomes, and there are income disparities that exist between workers by work area and by gender. This study indicates that workers' wages in Vietnam decreased by an average of 12.22 million VND per month after the outbreak of COVID-19. In addition, the results also show that the income of workers after COVID-19 differs depending on their position (the average salary of laborers working in the public sector is about 3.946 million VND higher than the average salary of laborers in the private sector); furthermore, the incomes of workers also vary by gender.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.245-256
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• 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, several studies focused on financial programs and SMEs' performance, but research on the relationship between non-financial programs, resilience, and SMEs' performance is still sparse. This study fills the gap by analyzing the role of local government in increasing SME resilience and performance by purchasing products (through civil servants) from SMEs and by facilitating online training to SMEs. This study also investigates the role of the local government in strengthening the relationship between resilience and SME performance. Data was collected using an online questionnaire distributed to SMEs in Malang Regency. As many as 410 questionnaires were received and eligible for statistical analysis using WarpPLS. The results show that resilience is positively and significantly related to the performance of SMEs. The local government programs have been proven to improve SME performance directly and indirectly through resilience. Local government programs are not proven to strengthen the relationship between resilience and the performance of SMEs, indicating that the role of government in developing countries such as Indonesia is more appropriate to be "rowing rather than steering" not "steering rather than rowing".