• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.266-274
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• 2022

Background Many authors have researched ways to optimize fat grafting by looking for a technique that offers safe and long-term fat survival rate. To date, there is no standardized protocol. We designed a "hydraulic system technique" optimizing the relationship among the quantity of injected fat, operative time, and material cost to establish fat volume cutoffs for a single procedure. Methods Thirty-six patients underwent fat grafting surgery and were organized into three groups according to material used: standard, "1-track," and "2-tracks" systems. The amount of harvested and grafted fat as well as material used for each procedure was collected. Operating times were recorded and statistical analysis was performed to establish the relationship with the amount of treated fat. Results In 15 cases the standard system was used (mean treated fat 72 [30-100] mL, mean cost 4.23 ± 0.27 euros), in 11 cases the "1-track" system (mean treated fat 183.3 [120-280] mL, mean cost 7.63 ± 0.6 euros), and in 10 cases the "2-tracks" one (mean treated fat 311[220-550] mL, mean cost 12.47 ± 1 euros). The mean time difference between the standard system and the "1-track" system is statistically significant starting from three fat syringes (90 mL) in 17.66 versus 6.87 minutes. The difference between the "1-track" system and "2-tracks" system becomes statistically significant from 240 mL of fat in 15 minutes ("1-track") versus 9.3 minutes for the "2-tracks" system. Conclusion Data analysis would indicate the use of the standard system, "1-track," and "2-tracks" to treat an amount of fat < 90 mL of fat, 90 ÷ 240 mL of fat, and ≥ 240 mL of fat, respectively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권14호
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• pp.5545-5550
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• 2014

Background: Human biological materials from cancer patients are linked directly with public health issues in medical science research as foundational resources so securing "human biological material" is truly important in bio-industry. However, because South Korea's national R and D project lacks a proper managing system for establishing a national standard for the outputs of certain processes, high-value added human biological material produced by the national R and D project could be lost or neglected. As a result, it is necessary to develop a managing process, which can be started by establishing operating guidelines to handle the output of human biological materials. Materials and Methods: The current law and regulations related to submitting research outcome resources was reviewed, and the process of data 'acquisition' and data 'distribution' from the point of view of big data and health 2.0 was examined in order to arrive at a method for switching paradigms to better utilize human biological materials. Results: For the deposit of biological research resources, the original process was modified and a standard process with relative forms was developed. With deposit forms, research information, researchers, and deposit type are submitted. The checklist's 26 items are provided for publishing. This is a checklist of items that should be addressed in deposit reports. Lastly, XML-based deposit procedure forms were designed and developed to collect data in a structured form, to help researchers distribute their data in an electronic way. Conclusions: Through guidelines included with the plan for profit sharing between depositor and user it is possible to manage the material effectively and safely, so high-quality human biological material can be supplied and utilized by researchers from universities, industry and institutes. Furthermore, this will improve national competitiveness by leading to development in the national bio-science industry.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.309-319
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• 2016

Objectives This study was aimed to analyze the reliability of vocal features and probabilities for being in Sasang constitutional types calculated from Sasang constitutional voice diagnosis system according to operator presence. Methods We acquired 96 voice recordings from one male and one female for 4 days. For the first 2 days, the subjects recorded their voice by themselves. For the last 2 days, they recorded according to the instruction of an operator following the standard operating procedure. We analyze the standard deviations of vocal features, probabilities for being three constitutional types, Tae-Eum (TE), So-Yang (SY), and So-Eum (SE) Results In the case of the female, coefficients of variations of the voice variables and the probabilities for being each constitutional type were all within 20%. In the case of the male, coefficients of variations were all within 20% except one variable. Even if there was no instruction from the operator, standard deviations of the probability did not increase for both genders. When recorded without the operator, for male, the probability for being SE decreased by 3.2%. For female, the probability for being TE increased by 5.438%, and that of SE decreased by 3.057%, and that of SY decreased by 2.394%. Conclusions When recorded without operators, for men, there was a significant difference in the probability for being SE. And for women, there were significant differences in the probabilities for all constitutional types.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.285-290
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• 2008

윤활유의 생분해도 평가를 위해 개발된 국제규격을 검토하고 국내에서 적용 가능한 방법을 개발하였다. OECD 301B, ISO 9439, ASTM 5864 등의 국외규격 중 윤활유의 생분해도 평가에 적용 가능한 규격은 주로 호기적 조건 및 액상배지 (aqueous medium) 상에서 생분해도를 평가하도록 규정하고 있고, 이들 규격은 공통적으로 이산화탄소 발생법 ($CO_2$ evolution test)에 근간을 두고 있다. 하수처리장 등에서 얻어진 미생물 접종원을 시험화합물과 함께 무기물이 함유된 액상배지에서 배양시키면서 시험화합물의 유기탄소가 미생물의 효소 작용에 의해 분해되고 산화되어 최종적으로 이산화탄소로 무기물화 (mineralization) 되는 바탕을 근거 하에 생분해성 윤활제품의 생분해도를 조사하였다. 배지별로 생분해도를 비교하였을 경우 ASTM 5864에서 규정된 배지성분을 이용할 경우 생분해도가 높았고, 접종원 농도를 $10^4{\sim}10^5$ CFU/mLdm로 하였을 때 생분해도가 높았다. 또한 접종원의 종류가 생분해도 평가에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 생분해도 시험에 대한 밸리데이션 결과 국제규격에 제시된 밸리데이션 기준을 만족하는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 시험결과를 토대로 국내에서 적용 가능한 윤활제품의 생분해도 시험을 위한 표준작업절차를 마련하였다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2011

병원 밖에서 발생한 비외상성 심정지 환자에 대한 119 구급대원의 처치 현황과 개선방안을 연구하기 위해 대전충남에 근무하는 119 구급대원 322명에게 설문을 실시하였다. 119 구급대원들은 병원전 비외상성 심정지 환자에 대해 CPR은 96.9%(309명), AED는 53%(169명)에서 거의 매번 또는 매번 실시한다고 하였다. 1급 응급구조사와 간호사의 경우 IV는 94.7%(143명)에서 가끔 실시하거나 실시한 적이 없다고 하였고 약물처치의 경우도 90.7%(136명)에서 실시한 적이 없다고 응답하였다. AED, 기도확보 및 IV 를 실시하지 못했던 이유에 대해서는 구급인원이 부족하고, 시간이 부족하며, 흔들리는 구급차 때문이라는 의견이 많았다. 임상실습이나 병원실습의 경험이 있는 119 구급대원이 IV나 약물처치를 더 자주 실시하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 심정지 환자의 소생률을 향상시키기 위해서는 구급차에 탑승하는 구급인원을 보강하고, 일반인들도 할 수 있는 기본심폐소생술 처치에서 더 나아가 전문심장소생술을 실시할 수 있도록 1급 응급구조사에게 에피네프린의 사용을 허가하며, 임상실기 교육을 강화하고 구급대원을 법적으로 보호할 수 있는 방안이 마련되어야 할 것이다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.236-242
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• 2018

Damage due to ice collision is the most serious threat for the structural safety of ships operating in arctic region. Since such hull damages are usually caused by the collision of floating ice at excessive voyage speed of ships, the authorities responsible for the shipping at arctic sea are required to provide the speed limit for safe voyage, so-called safe speed. In countries near arctic ocean, such as Canada and Russia, empirical methods to determine the safe speed of ships based on their long experience of arctic voyage have been established and applied them in the real arctic navigation. However, in Korea, it is not easy to accumulate the arctic voyage experience and related technical database, so it seems to be a realistic approach to adopt a safe voyage speed estimating method in arctic sea based on the ice collision simulation technology using the nonlinear finite element analysis. The aim of this study is to develop a technique for estimating the safe voyage speed of vessels operating at arctic sea through the ice collision analysis, In order to achieve this goal, the standard procedure of the ice collision analysis is dealt with and example analysis was carried out and the results were considered. To investigate the validity of developed method, POLARIS system proposed by IMO was studied for comparison.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.571-581
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• 1995

원자력 발전소의 비상운전절차서는 작성단계부터 난점이 많이 있고, 작성된 절차서를 착인 및 검증하는 데에도 많은 어려움이 따른다 캐나다의 원자력 규제기관인 AECB에서도 원자력발전소의 운전 허가를 받는 데 있어 발전소 비상운전 절차서를 하나의 요구조건으로 삼고 있는데, 그 요구조건은 발전소 내외의 비상상황에 대처하기 위한 상세한 계획 및 절차를 개발하는 것이다. 본 보고서에서는 미국의 원자력 발전소 비상운전 계획을 참고하고 있는 캐나다 원자력 발전소용 비상운전절차 표준지침서를 검토하고, 캐나다 비상운전 절차서 들의 현재 경향을 알아보았으며, 캔두형 발전소들의 비상운전 절차를 사고의 범위(개별적인 사고의 종류 지정), 사고진단 방법(사건 대응적, 징후 대응적, 또는 이 두 가지 방법의흔합형), 절차서 형식 등을 중점으로 비교 검토하고, 각 절차서의 내용을 포괄적으로 종합하여 현재 건설중인 월성 원자력 발전소 2, 3, 4호기용 비상운전절차서의 기본방향을 징후 대응적절차서(사고진단이 안될 경우 사용)와 논리도표와 문장이 혼합된 형식의 사건파악적절차서로 이루어진 비상운전절차서로 제시하였다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1050-1055
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• 2011

This paper presents a novel diagnostic method to determine Sasang Consitution (SC) by elasticity coefficient of hand dorsal skin of elderly people. For this purpose, we carried out a clinical test, in which Our SC diagnostic tool and one Oriental medical doctor with SC medicine expertise participated to categorize 458 healthy subjects into four constitutions. After excluding heavy-noise, we extracted 295 subjects' elasticity coefficient feature data and statistically analyzed their SC relevance with ANOVA test. It resulted in that, Taeum-in has high elasticity coefficient compared to Soeum-in in a significance level of 0.05. There are no differences of elasticity coefficient in genders. This result is supported by the theory of Longevity and Life Preservation in Eastern Medicine(Donguisusebowon, 동의수세보원) which suggested that Taeum-in's flesh is solid and Soeum-in's one is tender. This is the first work which reports the relatedness of skin elasticity coefficient and SC by an objective clinical test.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1042-1047
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• 2004

Voltage control is an essential part of the electric energy transmission and distribution system to maintain proper voltage limit at the consumer's terminal. Besides the generating units that provide the basic voltage control, there are many additional voltage-controlling agents e.g., shunt capacitors, shunt reactors, static VAr compensators, regulating transformers mentioned in [1], [2]. The most popular one, among all those agents for controlling voltage levels at the distribution and transmission system, is the on-load tap changer transformer. It serves two functions-energy transformation in different voltage levels and the voltage control. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been realized as a convenient tool that can be used in controlling the on load tap changer in the distribution transformers. Usage of the ANN in this area needs suitable training and testing data for performance analysis before the practical application. This paper briefly describes a procedure of processing the data to train an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to control the tap changer operating decision of parallel transformers for a closed primary bus. The data set are used to train a two layer ANN using three different neural net learning algorithms, namely, Standard Backpropagation [3], Bayesian Regularization [4] and Scaled Conjugate Gradient [5]. The experimental results are presented including performance analysis.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.23-34
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to survey the status of clinical use of a pulse tonometric device (PTD).Methods: We searched domestic and international articles using the PTD from online medical databases including OASIS, RISS, DBpia and PubMed. We selected articles on clinical application of PTD but excluded articles on mechanical design or software programming for developing a new PTD. Finally we found 13 articles and classified the articles according to the disease of clinical study.Results: Out of the 13 articles, 5 were focused on the dysmenorrhea. Three articles were focused on the infertility, two article were focused on the post mastectomy. According to the results, the pulse energy has been widely used in research as the primary outcome.Conclusions: We found out that until now the researches on clinical application of PTD mainly had been performed for producing a variety of PTDs. This results of this study will be used as a useful information during perform a clinical study and clinics. We suggest that the standard operating procedure for PTD will be developed, and researches for development and its application of various new contents will be performed.