• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2022

Three-dimensional (3D) geometric models are introduced to correct vignetting, and a downhill simplex search is applied to determine the coefficients of a 3D model used in digital microscopy. Vignetting is nonuniform illuminance with a geometric regularity on a two-dimensional (2D) image plane, which allows the illuminance distribution to be estimated using 3D models. The 3D models are defined using generalized polynomials and arbitrary coefficients. Because the 3D models are nonlinear, their coefficients are determined using a simplex search. The cost function of the simplex search is defined to minimize the error between the 3D model and the reference image of a standard white board. The conventional and proposed methods for correcting the vignetting are used in experiments on four inspection systems based on machine vision and microscopy. The methods are investigated using various performance indices, including the coefficient of determination, the mean absolute error, and the uniformity after correction. The proposed method is intuitive and shows performance similar to the conventional approach, using a smaller number of coefficients.

• 한국조명전기설비학회지:조명전기설비
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 1994

전시조명 설계에 있어서는 광방사 에너지의 흡수에 의해 기인하는 광화학 손상이나 온도상승 등의 작용효과를 고려해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 조명에 의한 손상에 매우 민감한 물질은 50[lx](연간적산조도: 120,000lx.h), 어느종도 민감한 물질을 200[lx](연간적산조도: 480,000lx.h)가 보존 및 관람객의 자연스러운 관람분위기를 줄 수 있는 조도기준이고, 광원은 상대손상계수가 작고 방사조도가 낮은 것을 사용하여 조영되도록 하는 기준을 설정하였다. 또한 전시실의 전반조명은 연색성이 높고 색온도가 낮은 광원으로 눈부심등에 의한 시각상의 손상이 없도록 조명하는 것이 좋은 조명이라는 결론을 얻었다.

• 한국조명전기설비학회지:조명전기설비
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.37-47
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• 1996

박물관에서는 조명에 의한 전시물의 손상을 최소화하고 관객의 인식의 편의성을 증진시키기 위하여 적절한 조명 기준이 요구된다. 기준의 작성을 위하여 각국의 박물관 조명 기준을 분석하였다. 우리나라 고유의 유물에 대한 변색 특성을 측정한 결과를 이용하여, 각종 광원에 의해 눈에 뜨이는 변색이 일어나는 적산조도를 계산하고 ISO등급에 따른 분류에 수행하였다. 조명기준을 만드는 데에 필요한 여러 가지 고려 사항과 이 사항들에 대하여 결정을 내리는 과정을 서술하였다. 최종적으로 국내의 박물관에 적용할 수 있는 조명기준을 제시하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.86-93
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• 2013

Illumination in church building has played an important role in making workship space more suitable for divine service. As time has changed, however, the worship space of Protestantism is no longer somber and reverent, but changing into practical and multipurpose space with bright and colorful image. This study investigates intensity of illumination of worship space during day and night respectively and figures out the change of psychological change of congregation in accordance with brightness and color temperature in worship space in order to find out preference and look into the usage and change of illumination in recent Protestantism in compliance with the needs of the time and influence. Then, result value is to be compared to Korean Standard intensity of illumination. Also, the correlation between intensity of illumination and color temperature by Kruithof's curve theory is used to identify the comfortableness of the worship space during day and nigh. And it is a common task of space designers and pastors to map out the worship space in terms of illumination suitable for its own purpose with even more modern and Korean sensibility and to create spiritual space for worshippers by collecting opinions from congregation, the main user of the space. With appropriate usage of illumination in Protestantism worship space, the atmosphere and purpose of worship can be enhanced.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2020

To implement the planning of zero-energy buildings, their energy performance must be improved, and renewable energy applications must also be included. To accelerate the use of renewable energies in such buildings, BIPVs should be actively used in windows and on roofs. Window-type BIPVs are being developed in various forms depending on the size, composition, area ratio of the window, specification of glass, and so on. To analyze the applicability of various solar cells as window-type BIPVs, in this study, we evaluated their applicability, at the current development level, by analyzing the indoor illuminance, heat gain and heat loss; the cooling, heating, and lighting energy levels; and the generation performance of the various solar cells. To enhance the future applicability of window type BIPV, we analyze the overall energy performance of the building, according to changes in visible light transmittance and generation efficiency. The main research results are as follows. The area ratios above the standard illuminance, based on the window type and according to the VLT, were in order of low-e glazing, a-Si window, DSSC window, and c-Si window. The heat gain of the semi-transparent solar cell winodw was remarkably low. The energy consumption of buildings was highest in the order of c-Si window, DSSC window, a-Si window, and clear low-e window. However, in the case of including the power generation performance of the solar cell, the energy consumption was found to be high in order of DSSC window, c-Si window, a-Si window, and clear low-e window. In the future, if a window-type BIPV is developed, we believe that improvement in power generation performance and improvement in visible light transmittance will be needed.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

The main purpose of the research is to prevent residents who are using underground parking lot from being exposed to pollusion, and to allow them to enjoy clean indoor environment. The study subject for the research are underground parking lots in 20 different apartments, 4 of them were constructed before 2000, 10 were constructed from 2000-2010, and the rest were constructed after 2010. By analyzing the air quality in these underground parking lots, we found out that O3, NO2, CO, PM10, Radon in all parking lots were not excessive compared to the standard limit. TVOC rate was measured with the value in between 312 ~ 2,137㎍/m3, with CO2 value in between 193~1,824 ppm, and HCHO with the value in between 0.01~1.52ppm. The lightning system in underground parking lots in apartments constructed before 2000 were using manual light control system, while automatic light control system was used in all apartments constructed after 2000, and the brightness of parking lots in apartments constructed before 2000 was quite low. The apartments constructed after 2000 are performing cleaning and ventilation due to management agreement, while the apartments constructed before 2000 are not performing regular cleaning and there was no mechanical ventilation system installed. The difference of indoor air quality was significant seasonally, daily, and yearly (year of construction), while illuminance was significantly different yearly.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.463-471
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• 2019

본 논문에서는 양방향 화면 간 예측에서 LIC(Local Illuminance Compensation)의 복잡도 감소를 위한 방법을 제안한다. LIC는 화면 간 예측의 정확도를 높이기 위해 현재 블록과 참조블록의 주변 복원샘플을 이용하여 지역 조명 보상을 수행한다. 지역 조명 보상을 위해 필요한 가중치와 오프셋을 주변 복원 샘플을 이용하여 부/복호화기 양측에서 계산하기 때문에 별도의 정보 전송 없이 부호화 효율이 향상되는 장점이 있지만 부호화 예측 단계 및 복호화 단계에서 가중치와 오프셋을 구하기 때문에 부/복호화 복잡도가 높아지는 단점을 가지게 된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 저 복잡도 LIC를 위해 크게 두 가지 방법을 제안한다. 첫 번째 방법은 양방향 예측 시 가중치 없이 오프셋만으로 조명보상을 적용하는 방법이고, 두 번째는 양방향 예측에서 LIC를 양방향예측을 통해 구해진 참조 블록의 가중 평균 단계 이후 적용하는 방법이다. 제안하는 방법의 성능 평가를 위하여 RA(Random Access) 조건에서 MPEG 표준 실험 영상의 B, C, D 클래스를 이용하여 BMS-2.0.1과 BD-rate 성능을 비교한다. 실험결과로서 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법이 BMS-2.0.1 대비 BD-rate 성능 관점에서 Y, U, V 각각에 대하여 평균 0.29%, 0.23%, 0.04%의 BD-rate 결과를 보이고 부/복호화 시간은 거의 동일하다. BD-rate의 손실이 있었지만, LIC 파라미터 유도과정에서 곱셈 연산이 제거되고 덧셈 연산이 절반으로 감소됨에 따라 LIC의 계산 복잡도가 크게 감소되었다.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.19-25
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• 2009

본 연구는 변전소(사무실) 설비 환경 개선 차원으로 기존 비상등하에서 조도 부족으로 인한 근무자의 오조작 및 복구 시간 지연을 단축하기 위하여 현재 설치된 등기구의 형태를 백열등에서 형광등으로 대체하였으며, AC/DC 겸용 비상등 및 스위치에 관하 연구하였다. 조도 기준 또한 상시등의 5${\sim}$10[%] 가 아닌 한국 산업 조도 기준(KSA)에 따른 원자력 발전소 조도 기준 및 안전 조명에 의한 조도 기준을 참고로 정확한 변전소 각 실별 조도 기준을 책정하였고 그에 따른 변전소 내선 전기 설계를 표준화하였다. 또한 배터리 용량 산정 기준과 중요도에 따른 각 실별 등기구 설치 수량을 표준화하여 조도 부족으로 인한 2차 사고나 광역 정전 사고로 인한 대형 사고를 방지하고자한다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2012

Lighting represents a significant component of commercial buildings, particularly office buildings. Fluorescent lighting is invariably used in all commercial, industrial and residential areas. A significant amount of lighting energy is wasted every day by leaving the lights on and not utilizing daylight energy. However, if daylight illuminance can be harnessed, this will reduce the electricity consumption of fluorescent lamps and save energy. This paper explains possible significant savings in lighting energy consumption and hence in costs, without reducing the performance and visual satisfaction in office or industrial buildings. It is proposed to obtain energy saving by reducing the supply voltage without degradation in lighting performance. Experimental results confirm that as much as 20% of electrical energy can be saved by reducing about 9% of the supply voltage, without noticeably affecting light output while complying with lighting standard limits.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2012

The purpose of luminance measurement in lighting design of urban scale is to prevent light trespass and light pollution, caused by over-bright. Specially, the illumination of road, tunnel and sports complex as urban infrastructure is measured by international standard for illuminance and luminance. It has been used the spot luminance meter and the image photometer to define the characteristics of qualitative and quantitative in exterior lighting. This study introduced the concept of HDR Image, procedure of HDR Image creation and analysis. Applications of HDR Image, particularly within the apartment building exterior lighting design analysis, have been demonstrated. The procedure proposed in this study is a affordable method that is useful for the assessment of luminance distribution in the scene with electric light. It also provides a measurement capability with the high resolution luminance data within a large field of view efficiently and quickly, which is not possible to achieve with a luminance meter.