• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.546-550
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• 2008

In this study, 3-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis was induced to simulate air flow and particle motion in the axial flow cyclone separator. The commercialized CFD code FLUENT was used to visualize pressure drop and particle collection efficiency inside the cyclone. We simulated 4 cyclone models with different shape of vane, such as turning angle or shape of cross section. For the air flow simulation, we calculated the flow field using standard ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ turbulence viscous model. Each model was simulated with different inlet or outlet boundary conditions. Our major concern for the flow filed simulation was pressure drop across the cyclone. For the particle trajectory simulation, we adopted Euler-Lagrangian approach to track particle motion from inlet to outlet of the cyclone. Particle collection efficiencies of various conditions are calculated by number based collection efficiency. The result showed that the rotation angle of the vane plays major roll to the pressure drop. But the smaller rotation angle of vane causes particle collection efficiency difference with different inlet position.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.79-94
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 수제설치로 변화되는 수제역 주변의 흐름을 3D 수치해석으로 분석하여 수제역의 흐름과 유사거동에 관한 환경적 효과(수중생물의 서식처 등)에 대한 기초자료를 제공하는데 있다. 비월류 수제군(non-submerged groynes)의 흐름 특성은 대체로 2차원류(주 수직와류 : mainly horizontal eddies)이고 와류는 수제의 말단에서 발생하여 유로를 따라 이동한다. 이러한 동적 움직임은 큰 격자와 큰 시간차 그리고 난류 모델링의 부적합성 즉 k-${\varepsilon}$ 모델을 이용한 수제 주변에서의 흐름패턴 모의 등은 그 해석이 매우 어려운 문제이다. 따라서 본 연구는 WL/Delft Hydraulics의 DELFT3D 소프트웨어 패키지의 한 부분인 DELFT-3D-MOR 프로그램을 이용하여 준 2차원 난류와 3차원 난류로 시뮬레이션을 실시하고 2차원 수심평균 모델을 적용하여 수평대와류모의(horizontal large eddy simulation, HLES)를 실시하였다. 그 결과 HLES를 이용하여 하상변화를 예측할 경우 실제 관측한 하상과 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 HLES를 이용하지 않은 평균 유속 모델을 사용하는 경우에 하상형태는 현실성이 떨어지고 하상형상학적 변화시간이 길어짐을 확인 할 수 있었다. 이러한 현상은 시간적으로 변화하는 와류(eddy)의 형상과 관련된 강력한 유속변화를 무시한 결과로 추정되었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2004

Dissolved air flotation (DAF) is a solid-liquid separation process that uses fine rising bubbles to remove particles in water. Most of particle-bubble collision occurs in the DAF contact zone. This initial contact considered by the researchers to play a important role for DAF performance. It is hard to make up conceptual model through simple mass balance for estimating collision efficiency in the contact zone because coupled behavior of the solid-liquid-gas phase in DAF system is 90 complicate. In this study, 2-phase(gas-liquid) flow equations for the conservation of mass, momentum and turbulence quantities were solved using an Eulerian-Eulerian approach based on the assumption that very small particle is applied in the DAF system. For the modeling of turbulent 2-phase flow in the reactor, the standard $k-{\varepsilon}$ mode I(liquid phase) and zero-equation(gas phase) were used in CFD code because it is widely accepted and the coefficients for the model are well established. Particle-bubble collision efficiency was calculated using predicted turbulent energy dissipation rate and gas volume fraction. As the result of this study, the authors concluded that bubble size and recycle ratio play important role for flow pattern change in the reactor. Predicted collision efficiency using CFD showed good agreement with measured removal efficiency in the contact zone. Also, simulation results indicated that collision efficiency at 15% recycle ratio is higher than that of 10% and showed increasing tendency of the collision efficiency according to the decrease of the bubble size.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2010

The performance of the crossover system of a centrifugal compressor stage consisting of static components of $180^{\circ}$ U-bend, return channel vanes and exit ducting with a $90^{\circ}$ bend is investigated. This study is confined to the assessment of performance of the crossover system by varying the shape of the return channel vanes. For this purpose two different types of Return Channel Vanes (RCV1 and RCV2) were experimentally investigated. The performance of the crossover system is discussed in terms of total pressure loss coefficient, static pressure recovery coefficient and vane surface pressure distribution. The experimentation was carried out on a test setup in which static swirl vanes were used to simulate the flow at the exit of an actual centrifugal compressor impeller with a design flow coefficient of 0.053. The swirl vanes are connected to a mechanism with which the flow angle at the inlet of U-bend could be altered. The measurements were taken at five different operating conditions varying from 70% to 120% of design flow rate. On an overall assessment RCV1 is found to give better performance in comparison to RCV2 for different U-bend inlet flow angles. The performance of RCV2 was verified using numerical studies with the help of a CFD Code. Three dimensional sector models were used for simulating the flow through the crossover system. The turbulence was predicted with standard k-$\varepsilon$, 2-equation model. The iso-Mach contour plots on different planes and development of secondary flows were visualized through this study.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.1310-1315
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• 1999

Air quality in confinement pig houses is important to production and health. Mechanical ventilation and confinement is known to be the most practical tool for maintaining adequate air quality in pig houses through extensive researches since Millier (1950) invented the 'slotted inlet' ventilation system. A variety of mechanical ventilation systems have been applied to confined nursery pig houses in Korea without scientific verification of their ventilation effectiveness. Ventilation systems with three feasible combinations (NA, NB, and NC) of inlets and outlets in a confined nursery pig house were tested to evaluate their ventilation efficiency, of which the one with the performance was supposed to be taken as a standard ventilation system for nursery pig houses in Korea. Field data of air velocity and temperature fields, and ammonia concentration with three ventilation systems were taken and compared to determine the best system. The air velocity and temperature fields predicted by the PHOENICS computer program were also validated against the available experimental data to investigate the feasibility of computer simulation of air and temperature distribution with an acceptable accuracy in a confined house. NC system with duct-induced in-coming air, performed best among the three different ventilation systems, which created higher velocity field and evener distribution ($2.5m/s{\pm}0.3m/s$) over the space with a Reynolds number of $10^4$. The experimental data obtained also fitted well with the simulated values using the modified PHOENICS, which suggested a viable tool for the prediction of air and temperature field with given calculation geometries.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.611-617
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• 2008

Nowadays Plate Heat Exchanger (PHE) is widely used in different industries such as chemical, food and pharmaceutical process and refrigeration due to the efficient heat transfer performance, extreme compact design and efficient use of the construction material. In present study, discussed main conception of plate heat exchanger and applied in vacuum. PHE and aimed apply in the fresh water generator which installed in ship to desalinate seawater to fresh water use heat from engines. The experiment is proceeded to investigate the heat transfer between cold and hot fluid stream at different flow rate and supply temperature of hot fluid. Generated fresh water as outcome of the system. PHE is an important part of a condensing or evaporating system. One of common assumptions in basic heat exchanger design theory is that fluid is to be distributed uniformly at the inlet of each fluid side and throughout the core. However, in practice, flow mal-distribution is more common and can significantly reduce the heat exchanger performance. The flow and heat transfer are simulated by the k-$\varepsilon$ standard turbulence model. Moreover, the simulation contacted flow maldistribution in a PHE with 6 channels.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.85-95
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• 2006

A model experiment has been performed to get the heat transfer coefficient on the soil surface in the closed ecosystem. The heat flux on the soil surface was measured and the heat transfer coefficient was derived in the following two cases with 5-stepped control of inside air current speed. One case was that heat flowed from air to soil and the other case was that heat flowed from soil to air. Three dimensional CFD model has been set to simulate thermal environment in the closed ecosystem including soil layers. The standard $k-{\varepsilon}$ model of the CFD program was chosen for turbulence model and heating wire buried in the soil layers was set as heat source option to simulate the case when the temperature of soil surface was higher than that of inside air in the closed ecosystem. Between one case that heat flowed from air to soil and the other case that heat flowed from soil to air, there were big differences in the temperature distribution of soil layers and the heat transfer coefficient of the soil surface. The increasing rate of heat transfer coefficient on each case according to the increase of inside air current speed was similar to each other and it respectively increased linearly. But the heat transfer coefficient on the case that heat flowed from soil to air was much bigger than that of the other case. The model was validated by comparing simulated values of CFD model with measured values of the model experiment. Simulated and measured temperature of inside air and soil layers, and heat transfer coefficient of the soil surface were well accorded and the range of corrected $R^2$ was 0.664 to 0.875. The developed CFD model was well simulated in parts of the temperature of inside air and soil layers, the distribution of the inside air current speed, and heat transfer coefficient of the soil surface were able to be quantitatively analyzed by using this model. Therefore, the model would be applied and used for analysis of heat transfer coefficient between air and surface in various agricultural facilities.