• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 Asia Navigation Conference
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• pp.230-239
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• 2006

The depth, width and alignment of fairway that are main port water facilities should be designed considering the various elements including particulars of design ships, weather and sea conditions around fairway and method of ship-handling. However not only the existing Japanese design standard for fairway and also those of other countries do not take into consideration of such kind of elements and no design standard is made by quantitative analysis. In this circumstance the new design standard (Approach Channels, A Guide for Design) depending on classified various elements and quantitative analysis was proposed in 1997 by PIANC and IAPH. But it was proved that calculated values according to this standard were unfounded and had some problems to output the discontinuous value by small difference of calculation condition because the each value fur each element was simply added. And also it is hard to apply this standard to the design of port water facilities in Japan because this [A Guide for Design] is the design standard for long channels in European port. The proposal of more reasonable Japanese standard will be expected by applying the study result of naval architecture and navigation and by the cooperation of ship operators to use fairway, naval architects to built ships and civil engineers to dredge fairway. The concept of a fairway in 'Design standard fur fairway in next generation' is defined as passage for approach channel) and traffic lane designated by light buoys as navigable water for safe navigation. In 'Design standard for fairway in next generation' depth, width and alignment are picked up among many design elements of a fairway. Design method for those elements is shown based on design ships and navigational environments. This standard shows the method of design for each dimension depending on characteristic on design ship and weather and sea condition. On the other hand, in case of existing fairway, it is possible to decide the size of ship and navigation criteria by opposite analysis.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.9-22
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• 2020

Recently, BIM has been extended to infrastructures such as roads and bridges, and the demand for BIM standard development for ports is increasing internationally. Due to the low level of utilization of classification system and drawing standards compared to other infrastructures, and the closed nature of national security facilities, ports have insufficient level of connection and sharing environment among external systems or users. In addition, since the standardization of data for port facilities is not made, it is still necessary to establish an independent DB for each system and to ensure interoperability of data between these systems since it does not have a shared environment among similar data. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop and verify IFC, the international standard for BIM, in order to cope with the BIM environment and to be commonly used in the design, construction, and maintenance of port facilities. To this end, we build a standard schema with port-specific Express Notation according to buildingSMART International's standard development methodology. First, domestic and international reference model standards were analyzed to derive components such as space and facilities of port facilities. Based on this, the components of the port facility were derived through the codification, categorization, and normalization process developed by the research team. This was extended based on the port BIM object classification system developed by the research team. Normalization results were verified by designers and associations. Then, IFC schema construction was based on Express-G data modeling based on IFC 4 * 2 Candidate, which is a bridge candidate standard based on IFC4 (ISO16739), and IFC 4 * 3 Draft, which is developed by buildingSMART International. The final schema was validated using the commercialized validation tool. In addition, in order to verify the structural verification of the port IFC schema, the transformation process was verified by converting the caisson model into a Part21 file. In the future, this result will not only be used as a delivery standard for port BIM products, but will also be applied as a linkage standard between systems and a common data format for port BIM platforms when BIM is used in the maintenance phase. In particular, it is expected to be used as a core standard for data exchange in the port maintenance stage.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.164-170
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• 2013

최근 선박 대형화 추세가 급격하게 진전된 반면 국내 무역항의 수역시설 조건은 과거와 동일하여 특정 항로에서의 해상교통 혼잡이 발생할 개연성이 매우 높다. 국내항의 해상교통혼잡도를 평가하기 위해 사용하는 표준 선박길이는 70 m로, 30년 전부터 현재까지 그대로 사용하고 있어 이에 대한 검토가 시급하다. 본 연구에서는 국내 Port-MIS 데이터베이스에 저장된 60,000여척 선박 주요 제원을 기반으로 선박 대형화 추세를 분석하고, 최근선박의 총톤수와 선박 길이와의 상관함수를 이용해 선박 대형화가 반영된 표준 선박길이를 제안하였다. 또한 최근 5년간 국내 무역항 이용 선박에 대한 톤수별 척수를 기초로 소형선을 제외한 누적 빈도수가 50 % 이상 차지하는 기준점을 도출해 국내항의 표준 선박길이를 제안하였고, 각 표준 선박길이는 국내 무역항의 특성을 고려하여 적용할 필요가 있다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.26-33
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• 1998

An experimental study has been conducted for the three-dimensional in-cylinder swirl flow under steady conditions. Velocity fields are measured by using an LDV at various valve lifts. Effects of geometry of inlet ports on swirl flows are investigated for standard and helical ports. Swirl distributions evaluated from velocity measurements are compared with those obtained from an impulse torque swirl meter. Results show that the helical port generates more intensive swirl than the standard one but it causes red- uction in air flow coefficient. At the lower valve lift, no significant difference is observ- ed in non-dimensional swirl values between two ports because of limited pre-swirl effect, while it becomes significant as the valve lift increases.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2006

The port, differently from general working place, is a closed area to execute security, customs, and quarantine procedures. The loading and unloading is being done differently by cargoes, ships, berths, and equipments. To load and unload a lot of equipments and different types of labor are required, in which work flow is very complicated. As above mentioned the port is very unique and deteriorated working place including danger. The purpose of this thesis is to propose ways to analyze and establish the preventive measure for cargo handling accidents in port. We have collected 923 accidents happened at Incheon Port during the period from 1994 to 2003. And to analyze and establish the preventive measure we have employed an advanced 6sigma DMAIC technology presently in spotlight as the best tool for management innovation. For the purpose of effective safety management of cargo handling in port, this thesis will help to revise and establish the law, system, standard, and standard working manual with respect to the port loading and unloading system. Now frequency of cargo handling accidents in port is highest for the second time among all industries, so we proposed the new safety management system to substitute port safety committee and to take full charge of safety in Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2006

This paper analyzes how levels of logistics standardization are related to logistics costs. The study surveyed ratios of standard pallet use in order to measure levels of firms' standardization in logistics management. Research focused on how firms' logistics costs were related to their levels of logistics standardization and ratios of standard pallet use. After measuring use of standard pallets and logistics costs, optimal levels of logistics standardization were estimated based on survey data. Logistics costs and standardization were more related to labor than to freight volume or export. Results indicated that firms could reduce logistics costs by raising levels of logistics standardization; optimal levels of standard pallet use out of Korean firms' total manufacturing cargo volume were estimated at 44.26% for multi-standard pallets and 57.99% for a single standard pallet (a unit load system). The study demonstrated that adopting a single standard pallet results in better cost saving logistics systems than use of multi-standard pallet types. These results may explain why firms pursue standardization in logistics systems.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.279-288
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• 1999

This paper is concerned with developing a standard costing model based on the case study of PECT and GCT in order to improve operation efficiency and design business strategy. In doing so the model can be a useful tool to analyze current calculation system of lease charge at the two terminals and to judge whether the level of lease charge currently applied to them is justifiable for thier profitability.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.957-967
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• 2013

건설사업의 기획, 설계, 시공, 유지관리 등 생애주기 동안 방대한 분량의 전자도면이 생성되고 있으나, 비표준화 도면의 작성 및 유통으로 건설 주체 간 의사교환, 각 사업단계별 도면의 재활용 및 유지관리에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 건설분야 전자도면의 작성표준을 제시하는 건설CALS/EC 전자도면 작성표준의 특징은 선(線) 형태의 도로, 하천 및 철도분야와 단위 건축물 중심의 작성표준 체계로 구성되어 표준에 따른 전자도면 작성이 가능하다. 이에 반하여, 항만, 택지 및 부지 등과 같이 다중의 시설이 복합적으로 면(面)형태로 구성된 건설대상에 적용하기에 어려움이 있다. 특히 항만시설의 경우 일정한 연안지역에 배치된 복수 항의 목적에 따른 복합적인 부두, 시설 등으로 구성된다. 또한 배후부지와 같은 택지개념이 포함되어 있으며, 다수의 토목시설, 건축시설 및 항만 전용 시설 등으로 복합 구성되어 기존의 전자도면 작성표준의 활용이 어려운 실정이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 항만분야 수용을 위한 전자도면 작성표준의 확장 개발연구를 수행하며, 개발을 통해 도면정보관련 정보화 효율을 극대화하고, 궁극적으로 건설분야 설계정보의 원활한 정보교환이 가능하도록 하였다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.93-106
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• 2001

Whether a ship is sub-standard or not shall be finally decided by the minimum standards laid down in international conventions or national standards having the same effects. The flag State is primarily responsible for implementing these standards as far as its own ships are concerned. And the port State shall, in the exercise of its rights under international law, take appropriate measures (including detention of ships identified as sub-standard), which are regarded as port State's supplementary role aiming at implementing these standards. The international standards are implemented by the regional co-operation in the form of the MOU(Memorandum of Understanding) on Port State Control in the Asia-Pacific Region on the ground that the PSC enforcement of only one country does not enable the eradication of sub-standard ships. Recently, EQUASIS which is an international database covering the whole world fleet change the regionalism of PSC into the globalization of PSC. However, there are many problems in Tokyo MOV and Korean PSC regime. In order to ensure the implementation of the standards laid down in international conventions and Tokyo MOU, the Korean and other country in Asia-Pacific shall settle the alienation from the actuality of the law, namely the problem of maritime administrative structure of non unifying PSC affairs.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.195-208
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• 2005

선박은 전통적으로 국제법상 기국주의 원칙이 적용되어 기국정부가 선박의 통제 및 관할권을 행사하여 왔으나 국제적으로 기준미달선이 자주 출현하여 부당한 해운서비스를 제공하고 특히, 외국연안에서 해양오염사고를 일으킴에 따라 항만국들이 자국의 이익보호를 위해 외국적의 기준미달선에 대한 통제를 강화하고 있다. 따라서 항만국통제제도는 기국에 대해서는 책임의 문제이고 항만국으로서는 권한이라고도 할 수 있는데 보다 더 큰 의미로 한다면 기준미달선을 제거함으로써 해상안전과 해양오염방지를 보장하려는 항만국과 기국의 협력체제라고 할 수 있다. 그런데 해상안전과 해양환경보호를 위하여 기항지국에 의한 항만국통제 행위가 아무리 정당한 행위라 할지라도 국제규칙을 잘못 적용하거나 항만만국통제관의 권한을 일탈한 통제행위를 한 경우 국제적 분쟁을 야기시킬 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 항만국통제의 법적근거를 국제협약과 국내해사법에서 알아보고, 이를 기초로 항만국통제관이 통제제도를 국내적으로 실시함에 있어서 제기될 수 있는 국제법과 국내법과의 충돌문제를 다룬다.