• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2010

This study was conducted to develop standards for evaluating what extant the physical environments of housing which can cope with the needs of the aging society. This study was consisted through literature investigation research mainly, and research target literature limits keyword to elderly housing environment and chose connected domestic various literatures. The study are as follows; First, in outdoor only area from design environment element accessibility, and safety emphasized from equipment element, health of community territory was expose from design'environment element that supportiveness is emphasized from equipment element. Second, in living room safety emphasized from design' environment element in bedroom and bathroom of indoor individuation space, vestibule, balcony supportiveness, health was expose that is emphasized kitchen and mess. Also, was expose that supportiveness is emphasized from equipment element of all individuation spaces. Third, was expose that design environment element in corridor that is indoor official business space, stair, lobby, elevator and safety from equipment element and supportiveness are emphasized.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.343-350
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• 2014

Regardless of the building design scenarios, evaluation of high-rise buildings required to have smoke-proof enclosures that are provided with a smoke management system. The goal of the smoke management system design is to make sure the pressure differentials at every story within the building fall within the allowable pressure range. If the minimum design pressure is not met, smoke may enter the stair. If the provided pressure is too great, it becomes difficult for occupants to open the doors, while attempting to egress. Ensuring that the pressure differential between the vestibule and the floor is within the prescribed range becomes challenging, due to natural effects on the building, such as the stack effect. In this research, smokeproof enclosure design scenarios were evaluated; and as a result, separation levels for compartmentation were deduced, in the balancing of pressurized-vestibule smoke control systems.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2006

The primary purpose of a TKA is to restore normal knee function Therefore, ideally, a TKA should: (a) maintain the natural leverage of the knee joint muscles to ensure generating adequate knee muscle moments to accomplish daily tasks such as rising from climbing stairs; (b) provide adequate knee joint stability. A 16-channel MyoResearch XP EMG system was used to collect the differential input surface electromyography signals VM, VL, RF, BF, ST during climbing/descending stair tests. A Peak Motion Measurement System was used to collect the kinematic and kinetic data. AKIN-COM Ill isokinetic dynamometer was used for EMG of VM, VL, RF, BF and ST during maximal voluntary contraction. I Quadriceps EMG results for the VM of the passed 1year group limb demonstrated significant less RMS EMG than that of the passed 3year group limb $60^{\circ}-15^{\circ}$ of knee flexion(p<0.05). The VL of the passed 1year group limb also demonstrated significants less RMS EMG than that of the passed 3year group limb from $60^{\circ}-45^{\circ}$ of knee flexion(p<0.05). Similar to the VM and VL, the RF of the passed 1year group limb showed less RMS EMG than that of the passed 3year group limb from $60^{\circ}-30^{\circ}$ do knee flexion(p<0.05). Hamstring EMG results for the BF of the passed 1year group limb demonstrated less RMS EMG than that of the passed 3year group limb from $75^{\circ}-15^{\circ}$ of knee flexion(p<0.05). The passed 1year group limb tended to have less ADD displacement(p<0.071) than that of the passed 3year group limb. There was no significant difference of the ABD displacement between the passed 1year group and the passed 3year group limbs(p<0.73). The passed 3year group used compensatory adaptation movement strategies to compensate for the strength deficit of passed 3year group limbs. The passed 3year group limb also increased the quadriceps muscle activation level to produce more knee extension moment to compensate for the short quadriceps moment arm. The passe 3year group limb might have an unstable knee joint in the medio-Iateral direction during the climbing/descending by showing a tendency of more ADD displacement and greater hamming co-activation EMG than the passed 1year group limbs. The TKA design was not able to help the knee joint to produce adequate knee extension moment with less quadriceps muscle effort. I think that old man needs continuous exercise for muscle strength.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.194-200
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• 2008

고층건물에서 급기가압 제연시스템과 같이 연기제어를 위해 제연구역에서의 압력차를 이용하는 제연시스템을 성공적으로 설계하고 운영하기 위해서는 건물내 압력형성에 영향을 미치는 건축적 요인들을 검토해야 하며 그중 큰 영향을 발휘하는 요인이 연돌효과이다. 본 연구에서는 고충건물의 피난환경과 제연시스템에 대해 연돌효과가 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위해서 여름과 겨울철에 각각국내 고층건물을 대상으로 급기가압 제연시스템을 가동하면서 피난계단, 부속실 및 거실에서의 압력변화를 측정하고 분석하였다. 연돌효과의 영향이 커지는 겨울철의 경우 급기가압 제연시스템이 가동되면 부속실에서 계단쪽으로의 누기현상과 연돌효과가 합쳐지면서 고층부의 계단실내 압력이 크게 상승하여 재실자가 대피를 위해 피난문을 열고자 할 때 문제가 발생할 수 있다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2018

최근 들어 건물의 내진 및 내풍 성능을 향상시키기 위하여 감쇠구조에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 감쇠장치 중 저렴한 비용과 높은 에너지소산능력을 발휘하며, 설치와 유지관리가 용이하다는 장점이 있어 강재이력형 감쇠장치를 이용한 수동형 감쇠구조시스템이 널리 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 라멘구조 또는 무량판 구조에 적합한 계단 설치형 카고메 감쇠시스템(SKDS)을 제안하고자 하며, 제안된 감쇠시스템의 지진응답 개선효과에 대하여 해석적으로 검토하고자 한다. 비선형 동적해석결과 최대응답변위, 최대응답가속도 및 밑면전단력 감소로 살펴볼 때 내진구조와 비교하여 더 향상된 거동이 기대된다는 점에서 SKDS의 효과를 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.228-235
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• 2011

The 卍 shape which is used as an aesthetical feature for traditional architecture can be seen in the stair railings of the house shaped ceramic potteries in the Eastern Han dynasty(A.D. 25-220) but with the introduction of Buddhism, it has been widely used for the decoration of the sarira(small crystals of the cremated monks) case. After the shape was seen in the Yungang and Dunhwang grottoes mural paintings, the use of it has been expanded. In Korea during the excavation of the Gyeongju Anapji which was the Eastern palace of the Shilla dynasty, a 卍 shaped wood which had been used as a handrail was found and this shape was also used in the railings of the Shilsangsa Baekjangarn temple stone pagoda and lantern and in the sarira case excavated in the Songrimsa temple stone pagoda. In Japan, the Nara period(A.D. 710-794) when there were many cultural exchanges with the Korean peninsula, the handrails of the 2ndfloor of the main hall of Hoyu-ji temple has a 卍 shape. This can be confirmed that this shape has been widely used as a design in Asian Buddhist architecture. Gilsangoonhae(吉祥雲海) which is the symbolic meaning of this shape means for long life and luck which had been used generally for the window designs of temples, palaces, and houses. In this study, it is giving the definition the beginning and the symbolic meaning of the 卍 shape which is being used from the ancient times until nowadays and the change of this shape used for window designs.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.38-47
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• 2015

This study evaluated non-liturgical space of catholic churches based on the four principles of universal design; accessible design, supportive design, safety-oriented design, and adaptable design. To design those spaces in terms of supportive design principle, diaper exchanging station needs to be placed in the restroom. Findings of this study are as follows: In terms of accessible design, valid width of entrance door to each room(more than 800mm), installation of elevator, height of riser in the stair, and width of step board were appropriate, but there were many spaces where door sils were not removed. In terms of supportive design, notice board at teacher's room and installation of storage closet, and width of passage to office(more than 1,200mm) were also appropriate, but storage closet at a meeting and prayer room, and space for storing flowers appeared inappropriate. To design those spaces in terms of supportive design principle, diaper exchanging station needs to be placed in the restroom. In terms of safety-oriented design, installation of round-edged furniture, use of non-slip flooring material, installation of safety emergency bell at a restroom, and installation of wall handle were required. In terms of adaptable design, space for wheelchair users at each room, installation of the furniture that can adjust the height, installation of desk with different height at an office, installation of toilet and basin considering children were considered to be necessary.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.437-453
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• 2019

This study investigates a new optimal placement method for viscous dampers between structures in order to prevent pounding of adjacent structures with different dynamic characteristics under earthquake effects. A relative displacement spectrum is developed in two single degree of freedom system to reveal the critical period ratios for the most risky scenario of collision using El Centro earthquake record (NS). Three different types of viscous damper design, which are classical, stair and X-diagonal model, are considered to prevent pounding on two adjacent building models. The objective function is minimized under the upper and lower limits of the damping coefficient of the damper and a target modal damping ratio. A new algorithm including time history analyses and numerical optimization methods is proposed to find the optimal dampers placement. The proposed design method is tested on two 12-storey adjacent building models. The effects of the type of damper placement on structural models, the critical period ratios of adjacent structures, the permissible relative displacement limit, the mode behavior and the upper limit of damper are investigated in detail. The results of the analyzes show that the proposed method can be used as an effective means of finding the optimum amount and location of the dampers and eliminating the risk of pounding.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2014

The lattice Boltzmann (LB) method has been used to simulate rarefied gas flows in a micro-system as an alternative tool. However, previous results were mainly focused on a simple geometry with flat walls because the LB method is modeled on uniform Cartesian lattices. When previous boundary conditions for the microflows are applied to curved walls, the use of them requires approximation of the curved boundary by a series of stair steps, and introduces additional errors. For macroflows, no-slip curved wall boundary treatments have been developed remarkably in order to overcome these limits. However, the investigations for the slip curved wall boundary have rarely been performed for microflows. In this work, a curved boundary treatment of the LB method for a slip flow has been introduced. The results of the LB method for 2D microchannel and 3D microtube flows are in excellent agreement with the analytical solutions.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1998년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.84-85
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• 1998

This study was conducted to characterize the gait of a person climbing or descending the stairs. Using our motion analysis system (Vicon 370), gait patterns of ten healthy females (18.8 - 19.6 yrs. old) were measured 1) when a subject tip-toed the stairs, 2) when a subject climbs the stairs with the whole foot, and 3) when a subject went down the stair, respectively. The results of each cases were compared with the data for the level walking collected from 21 healthy females in the previous studies. The stairway gait data can be used as a useful reference in the design of artificial limbs for the lower-limb amputee.