• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.1131-1137
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• 1999

In this paper, a novel design method of an apertured coupled microstrip patch antenna with the single feeding structure is proposed for dual resonance frequencies with mutually perpendicular polarizations. The characteristics of this antenna are experimentally investigated. In order to achieve this goal, a new type of square patch with double notches is used as a radiator and the crossed slot and the bended mictrostrip feeder are adopted for the dual polarizations in the aperture-coupled structure. For the application of the proposed antenna, a Ku-band Tx/Rx $2\times$ subarray antenna is designed and manufactured. Also, the applicability of the antenna as a ground terminal is examined through performance analysis. According to the measurement, the gain of the antenna is 10dBi at the center frequencies of Tx and Rx, the side lobe level is lower than -13dB, and the cross polarization lebel is below 17 dB.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.1022-1032
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• 1999

The radiation characteristics of a microstrip circularly-polarized aperture-patch $8\times8$ array antenna are investigated at X-band. The radiator consists of a truncated square aperture on the ground plane with an inclined rectangular patch inside, and it is coupled by a microstrip line on the opposite side of the ground. The element spacing of the array was chosen as $0.8\lambda_0$so as to minimize the mutual coupling and maximize the gain. A corporate feed network was employed to distribute the power to each element through four Wilkinson and two T-junction dividers. Measurement results for the $8\times8$ array at 10 GHz showed a directivity of 26.3 dBi, a gain of 22.2 dBi, an axial ratio of 2.97 dB, and a side lobe level of -12.7dB. It was observed that when the array size increases, the directivity increases while the efficiency decreases.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.277-284
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• 2018

This paper reports the transparent electrode, which would be applied to transparent displays and smart glasses. Herein, a squared metal mesh with the most widely used copper wire in microwaves is studied for the alternating thin-film-type transparent and conducting indium tin oxide(ITO), with a low conductivity(sheet resistance > $5{\Omega}/sq.$). The electromagnetic performance of a patch antenna with metal mesh is analyzed. This paper presents the results of the optical(OT, optical transparent) and electrical(sheet resistance) characteristics of a squared metal mesh, which is a basic design. To improve the OT, copper wire(w=0.2 mm) is used in fabricating the squared metal mesh and the relationship between the OT and the antenna performance(radiation gain, radiation pattern) was analyzed according to the mesh size(l=1, 2 mm). The measurement results show that the antenna performance and the optical characteristic are in inverse proportion to each other. In real applications, the optical and electrical characteristics, and the costs of production are to be considered.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.55 no.2 s.92
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• pp.82-91
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to analyze the style of trousers of Koguryo(高句麗). Trousers of Koguryo were called Go(袴: trousers) and those had various forms according to the shape of gusset(dang, 糖), width and length of the trousers. Commonly the trousers that had worn by Koguryo people had gausset in those bottom not to be shown hip. The gausset was cut triangle or square so if a person wear the trouser with the triangular gausset, the trouser has a pointed hip. Sometimes the trousers had non pointed hips were dicovered in the wall-paintings of the Koguryo tombs, they are thought the trousers that had no gaussets or square one. And also there were another trousers that had wide/narrow legs and long/short legs. Trousers of wide legs were called Gwango(寬袴) and narrow legs Sego(細袴). Gwango(寬袴) grew wider over time and in the late age, the trousers were called Daegugo(大口袴) with wide ends were worn. Trousers were also decorated elaborately with patches on the edges, leg ties, vents, etc.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.721-733
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• 2020

The present study investigates the employing of piezoelectric patches in active control of a sandwich plate. Indeed, the active control and optimal patch distribution on this structure are presented together. A sandwich plate with honeycomb core and composite reinforced by carbon nanotubes in facesheet layers is considered so that the optimum position of actuator/sensor patches pair is guaranteed to suppress the vibration of sandwich structures. The sandwich panel consists of a search space which is a square of 200 × 200 mm with a numerous number of candidates for the optimum position. Also, different dimension of square and rectangular plates to obtain the optimal placement of piezoelectric actuator/senor patches pair is considered. Based on genetic algorithm and LQR, the optimum position of patches and fitness function is determined, respectively. The present study reveals that the efficiency and performance of LQR control is affected by the optimal placement of the actuator/sensor patches pair to a large extent. It is also shown that an intelligent selection of the parent, repeated genes filtering, and 80% crossover and 20% mutation would increase the convergence of the algorithm. It is noted that a fitness function is achieved by collection actuator/sensor patches pair cost functions in the same position (controllability). It is worth mentioning that the study of the optimal location of actuator/sensor patches pair is carried out for different boundary conditions of a sandwich plate such as simply supported and clamped boundary conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.199-207
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• 2013

In hydrographic survey, data surveyed with multibeam system includes various errors due to multiple factors. These are corrected by a calibration called patch test, and if existing method is used, the test needs to be conducted for about 8 times for precise system calibration. For more prompt and precise multibeam system calibration, the exact offset of a ship was determined using terrestrial laser scanning and TS surveying, which was used as the initial input for the patch test. In the result, the error of closure was 0.001 m or less for TS surveying and backsight error was 0.005 m or less for scanning. All the surveying data based on the same local coordinate was converted into vessel reference coordinate during which R-square for all rotation angles was 0.99 or higher and standard deviation was 0.008 m or less. Finally, in a patch test using calculated offset of sensors and motion sensor offset, the offset of MBES transducer satisfied manual on hydrography only with 1-time calibration. With these results, it is thought that terrestrial laser scanning and TS surveying can fully be utilized for multibeam system calibration.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.4A
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• pp.677-687
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• 2006

Kriging interpolation is one of the generally used interpolation techniques in Geostatistics field. This technique includes the experimental and theoretical variograms and the formulation of kriging interpolation. In contrast to the conventional least square method for stress recovery, kriging interpolation is based on the weighted least square method to obtain the estimated exact solution from the stress data at the Gauss points. The weight factor is determined by variogram modeling for interpolation of stress data apart from the conventional interpolation methods that use an equal weight factor. In addition to this, the p-level is increased non-uniformly or selectively through a posteriori error estimation based on SPR (superconvergent patch recovery) technique, proposed by Zienkiewicz and Zhu, by auto mesh p-refinement. The cut-out plate problem under tension has been tested to validate this approach. It also provides validity of kriging interpolation through comparing to existing least square method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.5-8
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• 2004

In this paper, a novel 400MHz band small meander microstrip antenna is proposed the shape of the proposed antenna is a waved meander microstrip with a pair rf short pins on th￡ edge. the length of waved meander microstrip is $\lambda_g/4$ but it bends to half its size. Therefore, the total size of the proposed antenna is reduced to about 1/20 which is compared with a square patch antenna the simulated antenna gain is about 3dBi at 424MHz. the proposed antenna of -10dB impedance bandwidth is measured about $1.4\%$.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.226-229
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 사각형 링을 갖는 UHF대 RFID 리더기용 소형 원편파 패치 안테나를 설계 제작하였다. 정사각형의 패치 안테나를 설계하고, 원편파를 위한 Truncated 패치 안테나를 설계한 후, 소형화를 위해 사각형의 링을 갖는 Truncated 패치 안테나를 설계하였다. 주파수 대역은 UHF대역인 902928MHz이며, 설계를 위하여 HFSS simulation올 사용하였다. 비유전율 4.3, 두께 1.6mm, 손실탄젠트 =0.019의 epoxy 기판을 사용하여 실현하였다. VSWR, 방사이득, RHCP, LHCP의 큰 변화없이 사각형의 링을 이용하여 기본 Truncated 안테나보다 6.37% 소형화시켰다.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2002

The LHCP circularly polarized antenna operating at DBS band is developed by employing the sequential-rotation technique in which each subarray is comprised the three truncated-corner patch square element. Antenna designed with sequentially-related technique whose M=3, p=2 has the effect of improved axial-ratio bandwidth, cross-polarization etc. And it is proved that the degradation of radiation pattern can be reduced significantly by minimizing the radiation loss of feeding line structure. Antenna designed shows extremely low side lobe level of below - 25 dB in the diagonal plane and cross-polarization level of below -20 dB in the all plane. And these performances comply with the array antenna specification for DBS.