• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.493-498
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• 2016

Squalus acanthias has been considered the valid scientific name for piked dogfish by many taxonomists, although others recognize two valid species, Squalus suckleyi and S. acanthias, based on differences in the numbers of precaudal vertebrae and their distribution. We compared Korean piked dogfish with S. acanthias from New Zealand using morphological and molecular methods to elucidate the taxonomy. The Korean piked dogfish was distinguished from S. acanthias from New Zealand by the number of precaudal vertebrae (70-75 in the former vs. 77-80 in the latter) and 540 base pairs in the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequence (genetic distance: 0.007-0.013). Therefore, we suggest that the scientific name of the Korean piked dogfish be changed from S. acanthias to S. suckleyi.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2016

전 세계 상어류 (상어구 Selachii)는 약 510종이 유효하고, 우리나라에서는 8목 19과 30속 43종이 보고되었다. 우리나라에 분포하는 상어류 43종 모두가 세계자연보존연맹 적색목록 (IUCN Red List)에 등재되었으며, IUCN 등급별 종 수 및 비율은 위기 (EN) 상태 1종 (2.3%) (vs. 전 세계 15종, 3.2%), 취약 (VU) 11종 (25.6%) (vs. 48종, 10.3%), 준위협 (NT) 10종 (23.3%) (vs. 67종, 14.4%), 관심대상 (LC) 9종 (20.9%) (vs. 115종, 24.7%), 정보부족 (DD) 12종 (27.9%) (vs. 209종, 44.9%)이었으며, 위급 (CR)에 해당하는 종은 전 세계에는 11종 (2.4%)인데 우리나라에 서식하는 종은 없었다. 한반도 해역에 분포하는 상어류 중 멸종우려 (Threatened)에 해당하는 12종과 적색목록 범주와 평가는 다음과 같다: 홍살귀상어 (EN, A2bd+4bd), 고래상어 (VU, A2bd+3d), 돌묵상어 (VU, A2ad+3d), 백상아리 (VU, A2cd+3cd), 청상아리 (VU, A2abd+3bd+4abd), 환도상어 (VU, A2d+4d), 횐배환도상어 (VU, A2bd+3bd+4bd), 흉상어 (VU, A2bd+4bd), 귀상어 (VU, A2bd+3bd+4bd), 곱상어 (VU, A2bd+3bd+4bd), 전자리상어 (VU, A2d+4d), 범수구리 (VU, A2d+4d). 멸종 위기 야생동 식물종 국제교역협약 (CITES) 부속서에 전 세계의 연골어류 중 18종이 등재되었으며, 우리나라 해역에 분포하는 상어류는 고래상어, 돌묵상어, 백상아리, 홍살귀상어, 귀상어 등 5종이 부속서 II에 포함되었다. 북태평양에 분포하는 곱상어의 학명 Squalus acanthias는 S. suckleyi로, 북서태평양의 모조리상어는 S. megalops에서 S. brevirostris로 변경되었다.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.35-49
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• 1990

A highly purified $(Na^+,\;K^+)-ATPase$ from the rectal gland of Squalus acanthias and from the electric organ of Electrophorus electricus has been used to raise antibodies in rabbits. The 97,000 dalton catalytic subunit and glycoprotein derived from the rectal gland of spiny shark were also used as antigens. The two $(Na^+,\;K^+)-ATPase$ holoenzymes and the two shark subunits were antigenic. In Ouchterlony double diffusion experiments, these antibodies formed precipitation bands with their antigens. Antibodies prepared against the two subunits of shark holoenzyme also formed precipitation bands with their antigens and shark holoenzyme, but not with eel holoenzyme. These observations are in good agreement with inhibitory effect of these antibodies on the catalytic activity of $(Na^+,\;K^+)-ATPase$ both from the shark and the eel, since there is very little cross-reaction between the shark anticatalytic subunit antibodies and the eel holoenzyme. The maximum antibodies titer of the anticatalytic subunit antibodies is found to be 6 weeks after the initial single exposure to this antigen. Multiple injections of the antigen increased the antibody titer. However, the time required to produce the maximum antibody titer was approximately the same. These antibodies also inhibit catalytic activity of $(Na^+,\;K^+)-ATPase$ vesicles reconstituted by a slow dialysis of cholate after solubilization of the enzyme in a presonicated mixture of cholate and phospholipid. In these reconstituted $(Na^+,\;K^+)-ATPase$ vesicles, effects of these antibodies on the fluxes of $Na^+$, $Rb^+$, and $K^+$ were investigated. Control or preimmune serum had no effect on the influx of $^{22}Na^+$ or the efflux of $^{86}Rb^+$. Immunized sera against the shark $(Na^+,\;K^+)-ATPase$ holoenzyme, its glycoprotein or catalytic subunit did inhibit the influx of $^{22}Na^+$ and the efflux of $^{86}Rb^+$. It was also demonstrated that these antibodies inhibit the coupled counter-transport of $Na^+$ and $K^+$ as studied by means of dual labeling experiments. However, this inhibitory effect of the antibodies on transport of ions in the $(Na^+,\;K^+)-ATPase$ vesicles is manifested only on the portion of energy and temperature dependent alkali metal fluxes, not on the portion of ATP and ouabain insensitive ion movement. Simultaneous determination of effects of the antibodies on ion fluxes and vesicular catalytic activity indicates that an inhibition of active ion transport in reconstituted $(Na^+,\;K^+)-ATPase$ vesicles appears to be due to the inhibitory action of the antibodies on the enzymatic activity of $(Na^+,\;K^+)-ATPase$ molecules incorporated in the vesicles. These findings that the inhibitory effects of the antibodies specific to $(Na^+,\;K^+)-ATPase$ or to its subunits on ATP and temperature sensitive monovalent cation transport in parallel with the inhibitory effect of vesicular catalytic activity by these antibodies provide direct evidence that $(Na^+,\;K^+)-ATPase$ is the molecular machinery of active cation transport in this reconstituted $(Na^+,\;K^+)-ATPase$ vesicular system.