• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.216-221
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• 2015

Sintering behavior of 3%yttria-stabilized zirconia was comparatively studied using a spray-dried powder produced by a domestic and global company. Quality of the sintered block was analysed in terms of relative density, shrinkage rate, grain growth, hardness, and fracture toughness. Relative density, shrinkage rate, and hardness value of the finally sintered block was similar between domestic and global zirconia powder, respectively. But, flexural strength of the domestic powder specimen was about 70% of the sintered block produced by using a global powder. The poor sintering quality of the domestic powder was discussed in relation with compressibility of the spray-dried granule-type powder and the amount of monoclinic phase in the as-received powder.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제9권12호
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• pp.1205-1210
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• 1999

분무건조법으로 용사용 원적외선 세라믹/알루미늄 복합분말을 제조하여 플라즈마 용사법으로 알루미늄 모재에 용사한 후, 미세구조, 결정상, 열충격저항성 그리고 분광복사율을 조사하였다. 분무건조된 복합분말의 입형은 구형으로 34~105${\mu}m $. 영역에서 높은 복사율을 보였다. 그러나 알루미늄 첨가량이 증가할수록 원적외선 방사특성은 감소하였다. 결과적으로 용사법으로 원적외선 방사특성의 큰 손실 없이 방사체를 제조하기 위해서는 20~30%wt%Al를 첨가하여 복합분말을 제조하는 것이 가장 효율적이라고 판단된다.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 1999년도 춘계학술발표강연 및 눈문개요집
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• pp.129-129
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• 1999

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2006

발효조건 및 건조방법을 분무건조와 동결건조로 달리하여 제조한 탁주 분말을 0.0-4.0%로 첨가 비율을 달리하여 식빵을 제조하고 반죽 특성과 제빵후 식빵의 품질특성을 비교, 분석함으로써 제과 제빵에서의 풍미 개선 및 품질 개량제로서의 활용도 증진을 위한 기초적인 자료를 얻고자 하였다. 반죽의 pH는 분무건조한 SDWS와 SDOS의 첨가량에 따른 pH 감소폭이 동결건조한 FDSW와 FDOW에 비해 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 특성은 1차 발효후에도 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. 1차 발효후 반죽의 부피는 1-4% 첨가구 전반에 걸쳐 SDWS 첨가구가 상대적으로 가장 큰 값을 나타내었고 특히, SDWS 1% 첨가구가 23.6 mL로서 가장 큰 값을 나타내었다. 구운후 식빵의 부피는 SDOS를 첨가한 경우가 상대적으로 높은 값을 나타내었다. 식빵의 비체적은 SDWS와 SDOS 첨가구는 대략 1-2% 첨가시 최대값을 나타낸후 3% 이상에서는 오히려 다소 감소하는 경향을 나타낸 반면, FDWS와 FDOW는 첨가량 증가에 따라 비체적이 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 식빵의 색도는 SDWS 및 FDWS 첨가구에 비해 탁주 분말의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 SDOS 및 FDOS의 명도 L값이 점진적으로 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 2% 이하로 첨가한 식빵은 분무건조한 탁주 분말을 첨가한 식빵이 동결건조한 탁주분말을 첨가한 식빵에 비해 외관, 색, 조직감, 맛, 종합적 기호도 등의 모든 변에서 상대적으로 높은 점수를 나타내었고, SDWS를 1% 첨가한 식빵은 유의적 차는 없으나 외관, 색, 이스트취, 조직감, 맛, 및 종합적인 기호도가 무첨가구에 비해 유사하거나 다소 높은 점수를 나타내었으며, 특히 밀가루취에서는 무첨가 식빵에 비해 높은 기호도를 보여 탁주 분말의 첨가에 의한 향미 개선효과가 있는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2011년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.43.2-43.2
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• 2011

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are transparent in the visible and show conductivity comparable to copper, and are environmentally stable. SWCNT films have high flexibility, conductivity and transparency approaching that indium tin oxide (ITO), and can be prepared inexpensively without vacuum equipment. Transparent conducting Films (TCF) of SWCNTs has the potential to replace conventional transparent conducting oxides (TCO, e.g. ITO) in a wide variety of optoelectronic devices, energy conversion and photovoltaic industry. However, the sheet resistance of SWCNT films is still higher than ITO films. A decreased in the resistivity of SWCNT-TCFs would be beneficial for such an application. We fabricated SWCNT sheet with $KAuBr_4$ on PET substrate. Arc-discharge SWCNTs were dispersed in deionized water by adding sodum dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as surfactant and sonicated, followed by the centrifugation. The dispersed SWCNT was spray-coated on PET substrate and dried on a hotplate at $100^{\circ}C$. When the spray process was terminated, the TCF was immersed into deionized water to remove the surfactant and then it was dried on hotplate. The TCF film was then treated with AuBr4-, rinsed with deionized water and dried. The surface morphology of TCF was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The sheet resistance and optical transmission properties of the TCF were measured with a four-point probe method and a UV-visible spectrometry, respectively. $HNO_3$ treated SWCNT films with Au nano-particles have the lowest 61 ${\Omega}$/< sheet resistance in the 80% transmittance. Sheet resistance was decreased due to the increase of the hole concentration at the washed SWCNT surface by p-type doping of $AuBr_4{^-}$.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.65-65
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• 2011

Single-well carbon nanotubes (SWNT) have been proposed as a promising candidate for various applications owing to their excellent properties. In particular, their fascinating electrical and mechanical properties could provide a new area for the development of advanced engineering materials. A transparent conductive thin film (TCF) has increased for applications such as liquid crystal displays, touch panels, and flexible displays. Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films, which have been traditionally used as the TCFs, have a serious obstacle in TCFs applications. SWNTs are the most appropriate materials for conductive films for displays due to their excellent high mechanical strength and electrical conductivity. But, a bundle of CNTs has different electrical properties than their individual counterparts. In this work, the fabrication by the spraying process of transparent SWNT films and reduction of its sheet resistance on PET substrates is researched. Arc-discharge SWNTs were dispersed in deionized water by adding sodum dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as surfactant and sonicated, followed by the centrifugation. The dispersed SWNT was spray-coated on PET substrate and dried on a hotplate at $100^{\circ}C$. When the spray process was terminated, the TCF was immersed into deionized water to remove the surfactant and then it was dried on hotplate. The TCF film was then treated with ionic doping treatment, rinsed with deionized water and dried. The surface morphology of TCF was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The sheet resistance and optical transmission properties of the TCF were measured with a four-point probe method and a UV-visible spectrometry, respectively. Results, we show that 97 ${\Omega}$/> sheet resistance can be achieved with 81% transmittance at the wavelength of 550 nm. The changes in electrical and optical conductivity of SWNT film before and after ionic doping treatments were discussed.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.10.1-10.6
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• 2018

Background: Stress causes inflammation that impairs intestinal barrier function. Dietary spray-dried plasma (SDP) has recognized anti-inflammatory effects and improvement of gut barrier function. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary SDP on intestinal morphology of mated female mice under stress condition. Results: Villus height, width, and area of small intestines were low on gestation day (GD) 3 or 4 under stress conditions, and higher later (Time, P < 0.05). Crypt depth of colon was low on GD 4 and higher later (Time, P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the SDP treatments improved (P < 0.05) intestinal morphology, indicated by increased villus height, villus width, villus area, and ratio between villus height and crypt depth of small intestines and crypt depth of colon, and by decreased crypt depth of small intestines, compared with the control diet. The SDP treatments also increased (P < 0.05) the number of goblet cells in intestines compared with the control diet. There were no differences between different levels of SDP. Conclusion: Dietary SDP improves intestinal morphology of mated female mice under stress condition.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2012년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.111.1-111.1
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• 2012

Interest in flexible transparent conducting films (TCFs) has been growing recently mainly due to the demand for electrodes incorporated in flexible or wearable displays in the future. Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films, which have been traditionally used as the TCFs, have a serious obstacle in TCFs applications. SWNTs are the most appropriate materials for conductive films for displays due to their excellent high mechanical strength and electrical conductivity. In this work, the fabrication by the spraying process of transparent SWNT films and reduction of its sheet resistance on PET substrates is researched Arc-discharge SWNTs were dispersed in deionized water by adding sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as surfactant and sonicated, followed by the centrifugation. The dispersed SWNT was spray-coated on PET substrate and dried on a hotplate. When the spray process was terminated, the TCF was immersed into deionized water to remove the surfactant and then it was dried on hotplate. The TCF film was then was doped with Au-ionic doping treatment, rinsed with deionized water and dried. The surface morphology of TCF was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The sheet resistance and optical transmission properties of the TCF were measured with a four-point probe method and a UV-visible spectrometry, respectively. This was confirmed and discussed on the XPS and UPS studies. We show that 87 ${\Omega}/{\Box}$ sheet resistances with 81% transmittance at the wavelength of 550nm. The changes in electrical and optical conductivity of SWNT film before and after Au-ionic doping treatments were discussed. The effect of Au-ion treatment on the electronic structure change of SWNT films was investigated by Raman and XPS.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.135-150
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• 1994

은어의 효과적인 인공 종묘 생산을 위하여 자어의 성장과 생존율에 대한 먹이생물의 영양 가치에 대해 실험하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 자어의 rotifer type에 따른 먹이효율을 조사하기 위해 3개 rotifer type (L-type, S-type, Us-type rotifer)을 각각 단독 또는 혼합하여 공급하였을 때 자어의 생존율은 모든 실험구에서 차이가 없었으나, 성장은 3 개 type rotifer를 모두 혼합하여 공급한 실험구에서 가장 높았다. Rotifer와 Artemia nauplius를 Chiorefla effipsoidea, 유지효모, 건조분말 Spimlina Platenis, Super Selco로 영양 강화시켜 자어에 공급한 영양 강화 실험에서 건조분말 S. platenis와 Super Selco를 혼합하여 영양 강화시킨 실험구에서 가장 높은 성장과 생존율을 보였다. Rotifer와 Arremia nauplius 공급시 자어의 사육 수조에 green water의 효과를 조사하기 위해 Chforefia ellipsoidea, 건조분말 Spimfina platensis, 광합성 세균(Rhodopseudomonas capsulatus)을 green water 원으로 사용하였을 때 건조분말 Sprinlina platenis와 광합성 세균을 혼합하여 공급한 실험구에서 가장 높은 성장과 생존율을 나타냈다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.881-890
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• 2019

Objective: A study was conducted to develop non-dairy creamer analogs/mimics using egg white, egg yolk, soy protein and their combinations, and their nutrient content, shelf-life and flavor acceptability were compared. Methods: Spray dried egg white, egg yolk, and soy protein isolate were purchased from manufacturers and used for the formulae. Results: The protein contents of the non-dairy creamer analogs/mimics were about 8.5% as calculated. The amounts of oleic and linoleic acid content increased as the amount of yolk increased in the formula, but the increases of polyunsaturated fatty acids were <0.5% of total fat. Addition of egg yolk to the formula increased choline and lutein content in the products, but the amounts were <0.4 mg/g for choline and $4{\mu}g/g$ for lutein. The lutein in the products continued to decrease over the storage time, and only about 15% to 20% of the 0-month amounts were left after 3 months of storage. Although the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values of the spray-dried non-dairy creamer analogs/mimics increased as storage time increased, the values were still low. Yellowness, darkness, and egg flavor/odor of the non-dairy creamer analogs/mimics increased as the amount of egg yolk in the formula increased. The overall acceptability of the non-dairy creamer analogs/mimics was closely related to the intensity of egg flavor/odor, but storage improved their overall acceptance because most of the off-odor volatiles disappeared during the storage. Water temperature was the most important parameter in dissolving spray-dried non-dairy creamer analogs/mimics, and $55^{\circ}C$ to $75^{\circ}C$ was the optimal water temperature conditions to dissolve them. Conclusion: Higher amounts of yolk and soy protein combinations in place of egg white reduced the cost of the products significantly and those products contained better and balanced nutrients than the commercial coffee creamers. However, off-flavor and solubility were two important issues in the products.