• Toxicological Research
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.323-325
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• 1997

Ag-Os, water treatment agent, was administered orally to ICR mice and Sprague-Dawley rats to investigate the acute oral toxicity. $LD_{50}$ values were above 5 g/kg, 2,000 fold higher than the expected concentration in water, in both species with oral administration. There were also no differences in body weight changes, clinical signs and atopsy findings between all treated groups and control group. Therefore, it was concluded that Ag-Os is a very safe compound.

• 생약학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.167-172
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• 1996

The studies were attempted to investigate the therapeutic effect of Solanum lyratum extract(SLE) on the liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats. Male rats (Sprangue-Dawley) were treated with subchronic concentration of $CCl_4$, which was 1 mg/kg of $CCl_4$ via per oral administration daily for three days. The level of serum cholesterol, transaminase, bilirubin and BSP were measured. Treatment of SLE significantly decreased the increment in serum transaminase activities, total cholesterol and enlargement of liver but serum bilirubin was not reduced. The protective effect was observed when SLE was given daily for 4 weeks after $CCl_4$ treated for 3 days. SLE administration to rats prevented the development of fatty change, necrosis, and fibrosis induced by $CCl_4$. The results suggest that SLE has appreciable therapeutic effect on $CCl_4$ induced hepatotoxicity.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.9-21
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was intended to examine the effects of electroacupuncture and therapeutic exercise on muscle atrophy and exercise function in an ischemic stroke model induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Methods: This study selected 120 Sprangue-Dawley rats, 8-week of age, divided them into six groups, and assigned 5 rats to each group. Experiments were conducted for 1, 3 days, 1, and 8 weeks, respectively. Group I was a group of electroacupuncture and therapeutic exercise after inducing ischemic stroke; Group II was a group of therapeutic exercise after inducing ischemic stroke; Group III was a group of electroacupuncture after inducing ischemic stroke; Group IV was a sham group of electroacupuncture after inducing ischemic stroke; Group V was a control group and Group VI was a sham group without ischemic stroke. In each group, changes in weight of muscle and relative muscle of TA muscle, neurologic motor behavior test, histologic observations were observed and analyzed. Results: For the changes in muscle weight of unaffected and affected sides of TA muscle, muscle atrophy was seen in an affected side 3 days after ischemic stroke was induced. There was statistically significant difference in Group I 1 week and 8 weeks after ischemic stroke was induced, compared to Group V (p<0.05). For the changes in relative muscle weight of unaffected and affected sides of tibial anterior muscle, there was significant decrease in each group 3 days after ischemic stroke was induced, compared to Group IV, while there was statistically significant increase in Group I 1 week after ischemic stroke was induced, compared to Group V (p<0.05). For neuologic exercise behavior test, Group I generally had the highest score, compared to other groups. Conclusion: electroacupuncture and therapeutic exercise may improve muscle atrophy and change in histologic observations expression of ischemic stroke rats and contribute to the improvement of exercise function.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2007

This study was designed to examine the effects of electroacupuncture and treadmill exercise on the improvement of muscle atrophy and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) expression in an ischemic stroke model induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. This study selected 120 Sprangue-Dawley rats, divided them into six groups, and assigned 5 rats to each group. Experiments were conducted for 1, 3 days and 1, 8 weeks, respectively. In each group, changes in weight of muscle and relative muscle of tibialis anterior muscle, histologic observations, and BDNF expression were observed and analyzed. For the changes in muscle weight of unaffected and affected sides of tibialis anterior, muscle atrophy was expressed in an affected side 3 days after ischemic stroke was induced. There was a statistically significant difference in Group VI 1 and 8 weeks after ischemic stroke was induced, compared to Group II (p<.05). For the changes in relative muscle weight of unaffected and affected sides of tibial anterior muscle, there was significant decrease in each group 3 days after ischemic stroke was induced, compared to Group I, while there was a statistically significant increase in Group VI 1 week after ischemic stroke was induced, compared to Group II (p<.05). For neurologic exercise behavior test, Group VI generally had the highest score, compared to other groups. The results of the behavior test suggests that 8 weeks after ischemic stroke was induced, Group VI improved in degeneration and inflammation of muscle fiber and decreased in destruction of nerve cells and cerebral infarction, thus indicating a similar state of muscle fiber and brain tissue in Group I. In immunohistochemical observations, Group 1 week showed increase in BDNF. Based on these results, electroacupuncture and treadmill exercise may improve muscle atrophy and change in BDNF expression of ischemic stroke rats and contribute to the improvement of exercise function.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.697-702
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• 2001

본 연구는 한국산 겨우살이 물 추출물과 이에서 분리한 렉틴 성분을 실험적으로 간암을 유도한 흰쥐에게 투여하여 이들의 간 발암억제 효과를 조사하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 80~90 g정도로 이유된 3주령 Sprague-Dawley종을 유럽산겨우살이 추출물 투여(10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg BW, 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg BW)와 렉틴(1 ng/kg Bw, 10 ng/kg BW)의 투여량 DEN 투여 여부에 따라 12군으로 나누어 발암물질 투여 1주일 후부터 주 2회 복강 투여하고 실험식이를 공급하였다. 총 사육기간은 9주간이었고 희생시킨후 혈청과 간 조직을 분리하여 조직병리학적 변화 측정을 위한 전암성 병변의 지표인 GST-P+ foci의 수와 면적을 측정하였고 생화학적 변화 측정을 위해 간 기능의 지표인 혈청 GOT와 GPT 활성도, 혈청 $\alpha$-L-fucosidase 활성도를 측정하였다. 그결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. (1)체중은 발암물질에 의해 식이 섭취가 감소하는 것을 고려하여 제한 섭취를 실시하였으나 발암물질 투여나 겨우살이 또는 렉틴의 투여에 따라 약간 감소하는 경향을 보였고 간 무게는 겨우살이 렉틴의 효과는 보이지 않으나 발암물질 투여에 따라 유의적으로 증가하였다. 체중에 대한 상대적인 간 무게에 대한 결과도 간 무게의 결과와 유사하였고 유럽산보다는 한국산 겨우살이 물 추출물의 간 무게와 체중에 대한 간 무게의 비율이 작게 나타나 한국산 겨우살이 물 추출물의 독성이 간에 영향을 작게 미치는 것으로 보여진다 (2) GST-P+ foci의 수나 면적은 겨우살이나 렉틴의 투여에 따라 유의적으로 감소하였고 유럽산과 한국산의 겨우살이 추출물 종류에 따라서는 한국산 겨우살이 추출물을 투여한 군에서 약간 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 한국산 겨우살이 물 추출물의 양을 증가시켜 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg BW 수준으로 투여한 결과 foci의 수나 면적이 유의적으로 감소하여 가장 낮은 값을 보였다. 렉틴의 투여량에 따른 결과도 양이 증가함에 따라 GST-p_ foci의 수와 면적이 감소하였다. (3) 혈청 GOT 활성도는 유의적이지는 않지만 발암물질 투여에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였고 겨우살이나 렉틴의 투여에 따라유의 으로 증가하였으며 겨우살이와 렉틴에 따라서는 GOT와 비슷한 경향을 나타냈다.을 나타냈다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.519-525
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• 2010

Purpose: Of various effects of relaxin, we assumed that anti-fibrotic effects, neovascularization effects and vasodilatation effects of relaxin might enhance the survival rate of skin flap. In the current study, we used adenovirus expressing relaxin genes to examine whether these genes could enhance the survival rate of a skin flap. Methods: A total of 30 Sprangue-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: RLX group (10; relaxin virus injected group), CTR group (10; no gene coded virus injection group), and PBS group (10; PBS injected group). Each group was intradermally injected with the virus ($10^7$ PFU) and PBS 48 hours before and immediately before the flap elevation. A distally based flap $3{\times}9\;cm$ in size was elevated on the dorsal aspect of each rat. Following this, a flap was placed in the original location and then sutured using a #4-0 Nylon. A surviving area of the flap was measured and then compared on postoperative days 3, 7 and 10. Using a laser Doppler, the amount of blood flow was measured. On postoperative day 10, tissues were harvested for histologic examination and the number of blood vessels was counted. Results: There was a significant increase in the area of the flap survival in the RLX group on postoperative days 3 and 7. The Doppler measurement also showed significantly increased blood flow immediately after the operation and on postoperative days 7 and 10. The number of blood vessels was significantly greater in the RLX group in the tissue harvested on postoperative day 10. The VEGF concentration was significantly higher in the RLX group than others in the tissues harvested on postoperative day 10. Conclusion: Following an analysis of the effects of relaxin-secreting adenovirus on the survival of a flap, the surviving area of the flap and the blood flow also increased. A histopathology also showed an increase in the number of blood vessels and the concentration of VEGF.