• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.10-15
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• 2021

Objective: Limited ankle dorsiflexion is related to ankle injuries. There are various exercises to increase the flexibility of the gastrocnemius for improving the passive range of motion in ankle dorsiflexion. However, to performances in daily activities and athletic sports and higher efficiency of walking and running, both ankle dorsiflexion passive and active range of motion are needed. To investigate the effects of combined gastrocnemius stretching and tibialis anterior resistance exercise on ankle kinematics (passive and active range of motion of ankle dorsiflexion) and tibialis anterior muscle activity in subjects with limited ankle dorsiflexion. Design: Cross-sectional single-group repeated measures design. Methods: Fourteen subjects with limited ankle dorsiflexion were recruited (in the right ankle in 7 and the left ankle in 7). All subjects performed gastrocnemius stretching alone and tibialis anterior resistance exercise after gastrocnemius stretching. The passive and active range of motion of ankle dorsiflexion were measured after interventions immediately. The tibialis anterior activity was measured during active range of motion of ankle dorsiflexion measurement. Results: There was no significant difference of ankle dorsiflexion passive range of motion between gastrocnemius stretching alone and the tibialis anterior resistance exercise after gastrocnemius stretching. The tibialis anterior resistance exercise after gastrocnemius stretching significantly increased active range of motion of ankle dorsiflexion compared to gastrocnemius stretching alone (p<0.05). The tibialis anterior resistance exercise after gastrocnemius stretching significantly increased tibialis anterior activity better than did gastrocnemius stretching alone. Conclusions: Thus, subjects with limited ankle dorsiflexion should be encouraged to perform tibialis anterior resistance exercises.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of rehabilitation exercise and neuromuscular electrical stimulation on a visual analysis scale and functional visual analysis scale regarding functional capacity. A total of 7 consecutive patients with the complaint of patellofemoral pain syndrome who received this diagnosis from a sports medicine physician were recruited to assess the effect of rehabilitation exercise and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Functional Visual Analog Scale (FVAS), functional capacity patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome. The exercise rehabilitation consisted of a complex training program requiring five treatments a week for eight weeks. The training program consisted of four phases, and each lasted for two weeks. Statistical analyses were one-way ANOVA with repeated measures. The results were as follows: (1) There were significant differences in the VAS and FVAS during 8-weeks of rehabilitation exercise and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (p<.01). (2) There were no significant differences in the functional capacity during 8-weeks of rehabilitation exercise and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (p<.05). In conclusion, at the end of the eight weeks of this rehabilitation program and neuromuscular electrical stimulation, a significant reduction was found in VAS and FVAS, but there was no significant difference in functional capacity at the end of the treatment.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.466-478
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• 2003

This study was to evaluate the body composition and bone mineral density according to aging in adult and investigated the relationship between various parameters such as body mass index(BMI), bone mineral density(BMD), bone mineral content(BMC), lean body mass(LBM), fat mass(FM) and the value obtained from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). The subjects were composed of healthy adult male and female who were $20^{\sim}73$ years old and they were divided three group according to age (A group : 20-39 yrs., B group : 40-59 yrs., C group : more than 60 yrs.). The conclusion derived from statistical analysis was as follows : 1. Bone mineral content and density were significantly affected by lean body mass(relatively, R=0.85 - 0.63). 2. There was significant difference among age groups in total bone mineral density. 3. There was significant difference among age groups in bone mineral content of male and female. 4. Lean body mass is diminished according to age, but there was not significant difference among age groups. 5. Fat mass of A group in male had the highest mass and followed by C group and B group. In female groups, fat mass of A group had the highest mass and followed by B group and C group. Abdominal fat mass is increased according to age. This result suggest that aging was closely relation with loss of muscle mass, bone mineral density and bone mineral content.

• 정형스포츠물리치료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2018

Purpose: McKenzie is a widely-used and conventional clinical therapeutic exercise for patients with mechanical lower back pain. It is a well-designed assessment and classification system for the spine. Main issue: Patients with mechanical lower back pain are classified into one of three mechanical syndromes (posture, dysfunction, or derangement syndrome) by mechanical loading strategies. These methods evaluate symptomatic and mechanical responses during repeated end-range movement and sustained postures. The goal of McKenzie mechanical syndrome diagnosis is to determine directional preferences. Directional preference is a phenomenon of preference for posture or movement in one direction, which reduces or centralizes pain. However, in Korea, there is a lack of awareness of basic McKenzie mechanical syndromes diagnostic concepts. Koreans tend to think of the McKenzie method as a simple lumbar extension exercise. However, an accurate diagnosis of a mechanical syndrome must precede the application of McKenzie exercise. Conclusions: Thus, in this study, I present a classification method of McKenzie mechanical syndrome diagnosis and clinical characteristics of each mechanical syndrome.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.140-148
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• 2003

This study examined the relationship between body fitness and body composition as well as the body fluid and intracellular fluid (ICF) of extremities to determine body composition's quantitative criteria for body fitness. Multiple-frequency segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis and the physical fitness test provided by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology were used to measure body composition and physical fitness, respectively. The test results showed that in women in their fifties, the correlation between the amount of body fluid in the upper limbs and grip strength was r=.654 (p<0.01) for the right arm and r=.445 for the left while that between the amount of ICF in the upper limbs and grip strength was r=.708 (p<0.01) for the right and r=.323 for the left. Also, in women in their fifties, the correlation between the amount of body fluid in the lower limbs and the result of a repetitive side jump test was r=.730 for the right leg and r=.753 for the left (p<0.01 for both), and that between the amount of ICF and the counts for the right and left legs was even higher with r=.742 and r=.763, respectively (p<0.01 for both). The body fluid and ICF volumes in the right extremities exceeded those in the left, and physical fitness was correlated with both body fluid and ICF. These findings indicate a connection between physical fitness and body fluid and ICF, suggesting that body composition may help predict physical fitness.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.59-71
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• 2015

Purpose : This study examines the effect of vibration exercise grafting PNF patterns for 6 weeks on upper body stability and equilibrium for seniors having fifteen or over of MMSE-K. Method : A total of 10 senior citizens participated in this study. Each participant performed PNF patterned exercises using vibration sports equipment for 30 minutes, once static a week, for six weeks. We measured trunk stability and balance degree before and after the six-week exercise program. Motor Assessment Scale (MAS) was used to measure trunk stability, while Functional Reach Test (FRT) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) was used to measure balance degree. The collected data was processed using paired t-test to confirm the difference between pre-program conditions and post-program conditions. Results: The results of our study show that post-program trunk stability measurements increased when compared to pre-program data; however, this increase was not statistically significant. pre and post-measurements for satatic balance and dynamic balance were statistically unchanged. Conclusion: Due to limitations in the number of participants, the procedural design of this experiment, and the limited amount of time participants actually controlled, this study failed to produce statistically significant results. However, further study should be conducted using a systematically implemented exercise program to show support for exercising with flexi-bar as an effective program for the elderly.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.176-191
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to find the effects of the eccentric exercise induced delayed muscle soreness on proprioception, muscle strength, muscle fatigue, and muscle pain of the elbow flexor muscles. Thirty one healthy male subjects were participated in this study. Before resisted eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors and immediately and at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days post-exercise, pain threshold, proprioception, tension tracking, initial median frequency, and fatigue index were measured. Pain pressure threshold and visual analog scale (VAS) was used to measure muscle pain. Proprioception of the elbow joint was measured by using 3 dimension motion analysis system. Maximum isometric contraction was measured by using digital tensiometer. Electromyography and power spectrum analysis was used to measure initial median frequency (IMF) and fatigue index (FI). Immediately post-exercise, a significant decrease pain threshold was observed that continued to 5 days post-exercise. VAS score was significantly increased at 1 and 3 days post-exercise compared to that of immediately post-exercise. Maximum isometric contraction, IMF, tension tracking ability of the exercised elbow joint were significantly decreased at 1, 3, and 5 days post-exercise compared to that of pre-exercise. FI was significantly increased at 1 and 3 days post-exercise compared that of pre-exercise. Proprioception sense of exercised elbow joint was significantly decreased immediately and at 1, 3, and 5 days post-exercise compared to that of pre-exercise. Proprioception sense of the contralateral elbow joint was significantly decreased immediately post-exercise compared to that of pre-exercise. However, proprioception sense that was measured in close chain kinematic position was not significantly difference between pre-exercise and post-exercise. These results could be useful to determine the resume time for exercising and participating sports activities.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.22-31
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• 2009

Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of closed kinetic chain exercise and open kinetic chain exercise in improving the balance of patients with hemiplegia. Methods Ten patients with stroke were randomly allocated to either a closed kinetic chain exercise (CKC) group(n=5) or an open kinetic chain exercise(OKC) group(n=5). The subjects of each group followed the exercise regimen of their respective groups, and each exercise was performed for 50 mins per day, 3 days per week, for 4 weeks. Assessment was made using Berg Balance Scale (BBS), One Leg Standing(OLS) test, and Timed up and go(TUG) test. The 2 groups were assessed twice: before and after the intervention. Results The TUG test score was significantly different in the CKC group between before and after intervention (p<.05); however, there was no such deference in the OKC group (p>.05). Further, the scores of the BBS and OLS tests were not significantly different for the 2 groups between before and after intervention (p>.05). The hanges in these BBS and OLS score were not significantly different(p>.05); however, there was a significant difference in the change in the TUG scores (p<.05). Conclusion On the basis of the results of this study, we found that the closed kinetic chain exercise is more effective in improving the walking ability and dynamic balance in patients with stroke. Future studies are warranted in this regard.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.98-105
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• 2015

Muscular dystrophy is a hereditary musculoskeletal disorder caused by a mutation in the dystrophin gene. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is one of the most common, and progresses relatively faster than other muscular dystrophies. It is characterized by progressive myofiber degeneration, muscle weakness and ultimately ambulatory loss. Since it is an X-linked recessive inheritance, DMD is mostly expressed in males and rarely expressed or less severe in females. The most effective measurement tool for DMD is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which allows non-invasive examination of longitudinal measurement. It can detect progressive decline of skeletal muscle size by measuring a maximal cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle. Additionally, other techniques in MRI, like $T_2$-weighted imaging, assess muscle damage, including inflammation, by detecting changes in $T_2$ relaxation time. Current MRI techniques even allow quantification of metabolic differences between affected and non-affected muscles in DMD. There is no current cure, but physical therapist can improve their quality of life by maintaining muscle strength and function, especially if treatment (and other forms of medical intervention) begins in the early stages of the disease.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2002

본 연구의 목적은 스포츠 마사지와 발반사 마사지가 요통감소 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위해 S시에 소재하고 있는 요통 전문 클리닉 2곳에 등록한 환자 30명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 스포츠 마사지그룹(15명)과 발반사 마사지그룹(15명)은 각 각 전담지도자의 관찰아래 12주동안 주3회, 1일 60분씩 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 나타내었다. 1. 요부 통증에 관한 조사 결과 스포츠 마사지그룹은 86.7%, 발반사 마사지 그룹은 66.7%가 요부통증이 개선된 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때 요부통증의 개선에는 스포츠 마사지와 발반사 마사지 모두 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으며 특히 스포츠 마사지의 효과가 발반사 마사지보다 약간 높은 것으로 나타났다. 2. 자세 변화에 관한 조사 결과 스포츠 마사지그룹은 53.3%, 발반사 마사지 그룹은 6.7%가 자세가 개선된 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때 자세 변화의 개선에는 스포츠 마사지와 발반사 마사지 모두 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났지만 스포츠 마사지의 효과가 발반사 마사지 보다 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다.