• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.631-635
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• 1991

Spontaneous pneumothorax is a rare manifestation of primary lung cancer and it is even more rare as an initial manifestation. Recently we have experienced three cases of lung cancer presenting initially as spontaneous pneumothorax. These three cases involved 2 men and one woman with an average age of 70 years [66 - 74years]. Lung cancer was discovered by explothoracotomy in two cases and by endoscopic biopsy in one case. In pathologic cell types, the one was alveolar cell carcinoma and the others were squamous cell carcinoma. We report these three cases of primary lung cancer presenting initially as spontaneous pneumothorax with review of the literatures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.90-96
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• 1999

The characteristics of spontaneous ignition of painting waste was investigated at constant ambient temperature in oven. As the results of experiments, the spontaneous ignition temperature decreased as the sample vessel became large, and the spontaneous ignition temperature of the sample in small, intermediate and large vessels was $165.5^{\circ}C$, $144.5^{\circ}C$ and $134.5^{\circ}C$ respectively. The apparent activation energy calculated by the Frank-Kamentskii's thermal ignition theory was 34.73 kcal/mol.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.75-80
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• 1995

Spontaneous ignition characteristics of rice cracker were observed by preforming experiments at constant ambient temperature. As the results of the experiments, the critical spontaneous ignition temperature were exponentially decreased with the increase of ambient temperature. Type of combustion of rice cracker are smouldering combustion at low ignition temperature and flame combustion at high temperature. The rice cracker containing pam oil showed lower spontaneous ignition temperature than pure rice cracker because of oxidation heat of pam oil.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.255-257
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• 1993

We investigated the effects of single administration of Korean earthworm(Lamnodrilus gotai Hatai) juice (KEJ) on blood pressure and spontaneous motor activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. We report that KEJ lowered blood pressure and spontaneous motor activity in SHR.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 1985

The influences of $Ca^{2+}-antagonists$, verapamil and $Mn^{2+}$, upon the spontaneous electrical activity and contractions were studied in guinea-pig taenia coli. Spontaneous contractions were recorded with force transducer, and spike action potentials were measured extracellularly by use of suction electrode. All experiments were performed in tris-buffered Tyrode solution Which was aerated With 100% $O_2$ and kept at $35^{\circ}C$. The results obtained were as follows : 1) Verapamil suppressed the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous contractions dose dependently, and blocked completely mechanical responses at the concentration of 1 mg/1. 2) The frequency of bursts of spike discharge(bursts frequency) and the number of spikes in a burst(spikes frequency) were reduced in a dose·dependent manner within the concentration range of $10^{-5}$ to $10^{-3}g/l$, and bursts frequency was affected more readily at a low concentration of $10^{-5}g/l$ verapamil. 3) The verapamil_induced suppression of spontaneous contractions in the Tyrode solution containing 1 mM $Ca^{2+}$ was completely antagonized by the addition of extra $Ca^{2+}$ to the Tyrode solution $(2\;m\;MCa^{2+})$. 4) $Mn^{2+}$ suppressed the amplitude of spontaneous contractions, whereas $Mn^{2+}$ accelerated the frequency dose-dependently within the range of low concentrations$(10^{-7}\;to\;10^{-4}\;M\;Mn^{2+})$. 5) The bursts frequency determining frequency of spontaneous contractions was increased in a dose-dependent manner, whereas the spikes frequency known to determine the contractions amplitude was reduced within the range of low concentrations. At a high concentration of 1 mM $Mn^{2+}$, however, all spontaneous contractile responses were blocked simultaneously with the disapperance of electrical activity. 6) The frequency and amplitude of spontaneous contractions altered by $Mn^{2+}$ in 1mM $Ca^{2+}$ Tyrode were increased by extra $Ca^{2+}(2mM)$.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.721-729
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• 2018

GABAergic control over dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra is crucial for determining firing rates and patterns. Although GABA activates both $GABA_A$ and $GABA_B$ receptors distributed throughout the somatodendritic tree, it is currently unclear how regional GABA receptors in the soma and dendritic compartments regulate spontaneous firing. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine actions of regional GABA receptors on spontaneous firing in acutely dissociated DA neurons from the rat using patch-clamp and local GABA-uncaging techniques. Agonists and antagonists experiments showed that activation of either $GABA_A$ receptors or $GABA_B$ receptors in DA neurons is enough to completely abolish spontaneous firing. Local GABA-uncaging along the somatodendritic tree revealed that activation of regional GABA receptors limited within the soma, proximal, or distal dendritic region, can completely suppress spontaneous firing. However, activation of either $GABA_A$ or $GABA_B$ receptor equally suppressed spontaneous firing in the soma, whereas $GABA_B$ receptor inhibited spontaneous firing more strongly than $GABA_A$ receptor in the proximal and distal dendrites. These regional differences of GABA signals between the soma and dendritic compartments could contribute to our understanding of many diverse and complex actions of GABA in midbrain DA neurons.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.191-196
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• 1979

Marfan syndrome which is complicated with spontaneous pneumothorax is a rare chance we can contact usually. There are many aspects of the clinical features in the Marfan syndrome such as ectopia lentis, cardiovascular anomalies, and skeletal anomalies. With the use of this paper, we report a rare case, Marfan syndrome complicated with spontaneous pneumothorax.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.395-398
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• 2010

The majority of cases of pneumocephalus are secondary to trauma or medical intervention. Spontaneous, non-traumatic pneumocephalus is an uncommon condition. Most cases of spontaneous pneumocephalus require surgery. However, if there is no evidence of infection or cerebrospinal fluid leak, bed rest and follow-up imaging is an alternative treatment. Herein, we report a 31-year-old man with spontaneous pneumocephalus associated with pneumosinus dilatans.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.770-778
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• 1994

Here analized the chest physiologic changes caused by various degrees of spontaneous pneumothorax in 77 patients admitted in Pusan National University Hospital from Jan. 1991 to Aug.1992. The results were summarized as follow: 1. There were 59 patients of primary spontaneous pneumothorax and 18 of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. 2. The intrapleural pressure risings were paralled to the increasing sizes of pneumothorax, especiallythe intrapleural pressure changes were significant in large pneumothorax. In the secondary spontaneous pneumothoraces the intrapleural pressure were relatively higher than primary in the same sizes of pneumothorax. 3. The intensity of chest pain was paralled to the increasing sizes and intrapleural pressures of the pneumothorax, but the degrees of dyspnea had no linear interrelationship. 4. The pulse rate, cardiac output, and arterial PO2 started to change from positive intrapleural pressure, and significant changes were noted between 6 to 9 mmHg of intrapleural pressure. But the arterial PCO2 changes had no interrelationship to the degrees of pneumothorax.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.166-169
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• 2010

Spontaneous intracranial epidural hematoma (EDH) due to dural metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma is very rare. A 53-year-old male patient with hepatocellular carcinoma, who was admitted to the department of oncology, was referred to department of neurosurgery because of sudden mental deterioration to semicoma with papillary anisocoria and decerebrate rigidity after transarterial chemoembolization for hepatoma. Brain computed tomography (CT) revealed large amount of acute EDH with severe midline shifting. An emergent craniotomy and evacuation of EDH was performed. Active bleeding from middle cranial fossa floor was identified. There showed osteolytic change on the middle fossa floor with friable mass-like lesion spreading on the overlying dura suggesting metastasis. Pathological examination revealed anaplastic cells with sinusoidal arrangement which probably led to spontaneous hemorrhage and formation of EDH. As a rare cause of spontaneous EDH, dural metastasis from malignancy should be considered.