• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.414-420
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• 1997

A rapid and sensitive high performance liquid chromatographic method with UV detection for the analysis of polyamines(putrescine, spermidine, spermine) has been developed. The benzoyl chloride derivatives of putrescine, spermidine and spermine are separated on a mc-Bondapak C18 reverse-phase column with 50% methanol as the mobile phase. This method was applied to the analysis of polyamines in the serum of normal human and uterine cancer patients. The results show that the mean level of polyamines in cancer patients serum is much higher than that in normal human serum.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.711-715
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• 2006

The objective of this study was focused on the enhancement of pollen germination frequency in peach (Prunus $persica\;_{SIEB}$) under low temperature conditions. The effect of factors such as amino acid, polyamine, and flavonoid on the pollen germination was investigated, and the results are summarized as follows. When amino acid, polyamine or flavonoid was added to the germination medium at $10^{\circ}C$, pollen germination frequency was strongly promoted. Optimum concentration of each supplement for pollen germination enhancement was $100\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;H_3BO_3$, 10 mM asparagine, 10 mM glutamine, 100 mM spermine, $1000\;{\mu}M$ putrescine, and $1.0\;{\mu}M$ kaemferol. The best combination of factors in pollen germination was $100\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;H_3BO_3+10\;mM$ asparagine, followed by $100\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;H_3BO_310mM$ glutamine, $100\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;H_3BO_3+200mM$ spermine, and 10 mM asparagine. These combinations promoted pollen germination by 18% in 'Nagasawa-Hakuho', and 19% in 'Shuho' compared to their germination percentage on the basal medium.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.297-302
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• 1991

The effects of polyamines on auxin polar transport were studied in corn coleoptile segments. Among putresine, spermidine and spermine tested in labelled auxin transport, spermidine inhibited auxin polar transport most strongly. Its inhibitory effect appeared after 1 h of transport period. Spermidine inhibited labelled auxin and 14C-benzoic acid accumulation into the tissue in the various pH range tested (pH 4.0-8.0). These results suggest that the inhibition of auxin transport may not be due to decrease in pH by spermine the effect of decreased pH in the extracellular space.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.293-301
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• 1990

We have purified and characterized a deoxyribonuclease from zygotes of the eukaryotic green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and investigated effects of the polyamines, putrescine, spermidine and spermine on the purifed endonuclease-catalyzed cleavage of plasmid DNA. The enzyme has a molecular weight of about 37 kDa as measured by gel filtration and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. There is no requirement for a divalent cation. The activity is sensitive to ionic strength, as NaCl and KCl result in inhibition. The cleavage of plasmid DNA by the purified endonuclease was effectively inhibited by polyamines. The enzyme activity was inhibited more effectively by spermine than by spermidine. The inhibition by putrescine was lower than the other two polyamines.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.262-264
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• 1991

An anomalous absorbance-temperature profile of calf thymus DNA, having a hypochromic trough just before the rise the $T_m$-region phase, occurs at the spermine concentration where the DNA collapses into a compact structure. The trough phase can be eliminated by the addition of ethidium bromide and also by a hydrophobic environment.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.105-110
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• 1994

In order to study on the effect of polyamine inhibitors and polyamines on adventitious root formation the correlation between adventitious root formation and polyamine levels were investigated in cultured soybean (Glycine max L.) cotyledons. Adventitious root formation was inhibited in medium containing 10$^{-4}$ -10/ sup -2/ M polyamine inhibition such as $\alpha$-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), $\alpha$-difluoromethylarginine (DFMA), cyclohexylammonium sulfate (CHA), dicyclohexyl-amine (DCHA) and methylglyoxal-bis (guanylhydrazone) (MGBG). An inhibitory effects at 10$^{-3}$ M MCBG were much higher than other treatments. Treatment with 10$^{-3}$ M MGBG plus 10$^{-5}$ M spermine led to reversal of the effects of MGBG alone. The polyamine levels were sharply increased in the first few days in each treatnent compared to control. The remarkably increasing polyamine contents were observed in medium supplemented spermine.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.713-716
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• 2002

Biogenic amine levels in irradiated doenjang, Korean fermented soybean paste, were investigated during fermentation at $25^{\circ}C$ for 12 weeks. Biogenic amines detected in doenjang were putrescine, cadaverine, tryptamine, $\beta$-phenylethylamine, spermidine, spermine, histamne, tyramine and agmatine. Agmatine showed the most highest level among biogenic amines detected in doenjang during fermentation. Most biogenic amines, such as putrescine, cadaverine, tryptamine, $\beta$-phenylethylamine, spermidine, histamne and tyramine, significantly decreased 20~60% by gamma irradiation during fermentation, while spermine and agmatine did not. Therefore, gamma irradiation can be applied to inhibit the biogenic amines formation in doenjang during fermentation.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.113-123
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• 1996

It has been well known that polyamines ensure the stability of chromatin structure and the fidelity of DNA transcription. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of polyamines on the apoptosis of mouse thymocytes induced by dexamethasone and polyamine synthesis inhibitors. 1) In the histological death findings of thymocytes double-stained with acridine orange and ethidium bromide, the apoptotic and the necrotic fractions (AF; NF) in the control group were $9.4{\pm}4.2%$ and $4.5{\pm}5.3%$, respectively. Dexamethasone $(3\;{\times}\;10^{-8}\;M:\;DX)$ in creased AF upto $52.0{\pm}8.1%$ and did not change NF, but A23187 $(5\;{\times}\;10^{-7}\;M:\;A2)$ increased AF and NF upto $45.0{\pm}8.9%$ and $20.5{\pm}10.6%$, respectively. 2) The thymocyte viability was significantly reduced by DX, DHEA $(1\;{\times}\;10^{-4}\;M)$, A2, DFMO $(1\;{\times}\;10^{-4}\;M)$, and $MGBG\;(1\;{\times}\;10^{-4}\;M)$, respectively. It was, however, little affected by $aminoguanidine\;(1\;{\times}\;10^{-4}\;M:\;AG)$, $putrescine\;(1\;{\times}\;10^{-5}\;M:\;PT)$, $spermidine\;(1\;{\times}\;10^{-5}\;M:\;SD)$, and $spermine\;(1\;{\times}\;10^{-5}\;M:\;SM)$. 3) The genomic DNA of mouse thymocyte was markedly fragmented by DX and A2, respectively, and to a lesser extent, by DHEA, but was little affected by MGBG, DFMO, AG, and each of polyamines. 4) The DX induced reduction of thymocyte viability was moderately attenuated by DHEA, but little affected by DFMO, MGBC, and AG. However, SM significantly attenuated the viability reduction induced by A2 as well as DX. 5) The thymocyte viability reduction by MGBG and DFMO was significantly attenuated by only SM among three polyamines applied in this study. 6) The thymocyte viability redution by combined treatments of DX with DFMO and MGBG, respectively, was significantly attenuated by SM, and moderately by PT. But the viability reduction by combined treatment of DX with AG or DHEA was not affected by polyamines. These results suggest that polyamines, particularly spermine, might play the inhibitory role in thymocyte apoptosis and the inhibitory effect can be ascribed in part to the increase of polyamine uptake by thymocytes pretreated with DFMO and MGBG.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2004

Mung beans (Vigna radiata L.) were used to investigate the roles of strontium in hypocolyl elongation under IAA regime during the germination. After imbibition in a medium with or without IAA, $Sr^{2+}$ stimulated IAA oxidation. Three to five fold increasing in IAA oxidase activity seems to be direct evidence of growth inhibition through $Sr^{2+}$. Furthermore, the accumulation of spermidinc and spermine by $Sr^{2+}$ in the range of 1 to 10 mM was observed. Spermidine levels were 2 to 3 fold higher than in control seedling grown without strontium. The increase in polyamine levels was observed on a g fresh weight basis. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the inhibitory action of $Sr^{2+}$ is closely related with the IAA oxidation and polyamine biosynthesis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1992.05a
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• pp.33-33
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• 1992

항혈전성 약물로서 그의 항 혈소판 작용력은 dipyridamole보다 강하나 심혈관계 등에 대한 부작용이 적어 clinical efficiency가 유의하게 높은 약물개발에 대한 연구는 임상적 응용성 뿐 아니라, 혈소판-응고기전의 규명에 기여할 것으로 사료되는 바 본 연구에서는 cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase(PDE-I)들의 항혈소판 작용을 검토하여 그들의 혈관 내피세포와 혈관평활 근세포의 중식에 대한 영향을 항혈소판성 작용을 보이며 혈관세포들의 증식에 없어서는 안되는 spermine의 그것과 비교 검색하였다. Johnson 등(1985)의 방법에 따라서 제조한 aequorin부하-가토혈소판의 thrombin(0.25 units: TB)에 대한 응집반응에서, pyridazinone 유도체인 KR30075, sodium nitroprusside(SNP), imazodan, isobutylmethylxanthine(IBMX), rolipram, 및 spermine의 응집억제성 $IC_{50}$/ (M)은 각각 2.21 $\times$ $10^{-7}$, 1.26 $\times$ $10^{-6}$, 6.96 $\times$ $10^{-6}$, 7.78 $\times$ $10^{-6}$, 8.11 $\times$ $10^{-4}$, 및 4.28 $\times$ $10^{-3}$ M으로써 이들은 TB-응고반응에 동반되는 혈소판 [Ca$^{++}$]$_{i}$-증가에 대한 각각의 $IC_{50}$/과 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 유의한 상관성을 보였다.