• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.373-384
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• 2003

사춘기 전 아동에서 흔히 발생되는 함치성 낭을 조대술로 치료한 후 낭에 이환된 치아의 맹출에 영향 미치는 제반요인을 분석하여 이환된 치아의 외과적 또는 교정적 치료 유무의 기준을 마련하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 하악 소구치 부위가 함치성 낭으로 이환되어 있으며 조대술 실시 후 8개월 이내에 촬영된 파노라마 관찰사진이 있는 5-12세 아동 총 22명의 증례를 대상으로 하였다. 초진과 재진 시의 관찰기간 동안에 촬영 한 파노라마 사진으로 트레이싱 용지에 필요한 구조물과 치아를 모두 그렸으며 사진 상의 수직, 수평적인 상의 확대 및 축소의 보상을 위하여 초진사진의 제1대구치 치관크기를 기준으로 모든 사진을 표준화시켰다. 각 사진 상에서 낭에 이환된 부위를 실험군, 동일 악궁의 반대측 부위를 대조군으로 설정하여 교두깊이, 각의 크기, 낭의 크기, 교두점 위치지수를 계측하여 측정값을 얻은 후, 각 치아의 발육단계, 이환치아의 경사도, 위치의 변위율, 낭종의 면적 감소량과 치아의 맹출과의 관계를 분석하고자 맹출 속도, 각의 변화율, 낭면적의 감소율, 실험군 내의 조대술 후의 평균 기간(month)을 산정하여 다음의 결론을 얻었다. 낭에 이환된 부위의 영구치의 맹출 속도는 비이환측에 비해 평균 3.5배 빨랐으며 치축의 변화는 평균 $2.7^{\circ}/month$였다. 치근의 성장 단계에 따른 변화에서는 치근의 성장단계가 낮을수록 더욱 빠른 맹출 성향을 보였으며 각의 변화에서도 치근의 성장이 1/4이하 군에서 현저히 높게 나타났으며 낭종내 이환치의 변위에 따른 변화에서는 교두점 위치지수 차이가 30%될 때까지는 맹출 속도가 증가하다가 그 이상에서는 다시 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 낭의 면적 감소율이 $80mm^2/month$이상 감소하는 경우 현저하게 높은 맹출 속도를 보였고 이환된 치아가 근심 변위한 경우 원심 변위한 치아보다 맹출 속도는 낮았지만 각의 변화율은 크게 나타났다. 이환된 치아의 각도 변위가 작을수록 맹출의 속도는 증가하였으며 $15^{\circ}$ 이하의 경우 각도 변화도 높게 나타났다. 조대술 후 대부분의 경우 급격한 맹출 속도와 치축 각의 변화는 6개월 이내에 일어났다.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.43-50
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• 1998

In the use of CNC machine tool, the unmanned production system has been growing in the manufacturing field. Thus, it is necessary to monitor adequate tool fracture during the cutting process efficiently. This experimental study is intended to investigate the development of flank wear in sysnchronous turning of differential materials(Aℓ/GC) which is used in industrial application and it is acknowledged as a machine to difficult material. In cutting process change of velocity, change of feed, and change of depth of cut were investigated on the effect of flank wear, and slenderness ratio is also investigated. The conclusions of this paper are summarized as follows; 1.Under the high cutting speed condition, the flank wear is affected by the feed and depth of cut. but the influence of feed on the flank wear is larger than the depth of cut and that is reduced when the velocity is low. 2.Under the high cutting speed, as the smaller slenderness ratio is, the shorter tool life is under the lower cutting speed, the effect of slenderness ratio on the flank wear is low. 3.Using the characteristics of cutting force, the flank wear of a tool can be detected 4. Investigating the development of flank wear, there are almost no differences between the characteristics of cutting force and feed force. Finally, these data from the differntial materials cutting process will be used in the basic field of precision and economic cutting process.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2006

The effect of buildings on flow in urban canopy is one of the most important problems in local/micro-scale meteorology. A large eddy simulation model is used to simulate the flow structure in an urban neighborhood and the bulk effect of the buildings on surrounding flows is analyzed. The results demonstrate that: (a) The inflow conditions affect the detailed flow characteristics much in the building group, including: the distortion or disappearance of the wake vortexes, the change of funneling effect area and the change of location, size of the static-wind area. (b) The bulk effect of the buildings leads to a loss of wind speed in the low layer where height is less than four times of the average building height, and this loss effect changes little when the inflow direction changes. (c) In the bulk effect to environmental fields, the change of inflow direction affects the vertical distribution of turbulence greatly. The peak value of the turbulence energy appears at the height of the average building height. The attribution of fluctuations of different components to turbulence changes greatly at different height levels, in the low levels the horizontal speed fluctuation attribute mostly, while the vertical speed fluctuation does in high levels.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.739-747
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• 2021

This study examined the measurement conditions of the texture profile analysis (TPA) experiments that are typically used to measure the physical properties of sausage. As the measurement conditions (compression ratio and cross-head speed) were changed, the significant differences between the values of textural parameters (hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness) of samples changed. Furthermore, among the measurement conditions, there was more variation in the significant difference between the value of samples due to a change in the compression ratio than due to a change in the cross-head speed. The highest variation in significant difference was observed between the values of cohesiveness of samples due to changes in measurement conditions, whereas the lowest variation in significant difference was observed between the values of springiness of samples due to change in measurement conditions. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a clear basis for setting specific measurement conditions for TPA test, since significant differences in the values of textural parameters of samples were caused by differences in cross-head speed or compression ratio, not by a difference in samples, when analyzing the cohesiveness of sausage, especially.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.407-414
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• 2021

The manoeuvrability of a ship with an unwanted heel angle due to a maritime accident is changed from the original characteristics. The purpose of this study is to quantitatively investigate the change in the manoeuvring performance of a twin-screw ship under various hee angles and speed conditions. A series of free running model test campaigns were performed in the Ocean Engineering Basin of Korea Research Institute of Ships & Ocean Engineering (KRISO) for a twin-screw car ferry vessel. Turning circle test and zig-zag 10/10 and 20/20 tests were carried out on the heel angles of 0, -10, and -19.5 degrees. In addition, two-speed conditions were considered to understand the effect of ship speed. In order to examine the effect of the bilge keel, a heel angle of -22 degree where the bilge keel is exposed outside the water surface, was considered. Finally, the change of manoeuvring characteristics according to the heel angle for a twin-screw and a single-screw vessel is discussed.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.2062-2072
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• 2010

This research evaluates the change of the water absorbency and drying speed of a quick-drying knit fabric by repeated laundering and laundering conditions and investigates the influence of laundering conditions on the functional properties of the knit fabric. Four factors of laundering conditions were studied: detergent, water hardness, water temperature, and frequency of rotation. Knit fabrics were washed for 25 laundering cycles in a drum-type washing machine with nine different laundering conditions derived from an orthogonal array. The properties of knit fabrics were measured with a drop absorption test, a strip test, and a drying time test. Relaxation shrinkage pointed to a change in the structural characteristics of the knit fabric. Wetting time was faster and wickability was greater in the knit fabrics that underwent 5 laundering cycles; in addition, there were no obvious changes in wetting time and wickability. The detergent was the most important factor in wetting time (40.4%) and wickability (60% or above). Water hardness, water temperature and RPM had less of an effect on wetting time and wickability. There were no significant differences between the levels of laundering conditions (except for detergent) on wetting time and wickability. Drying times with neutral and alkali were slower by repeated laundering; however, there was no obvious change in drying time. Hardness, water temperature and RPM had less of an impact on drying time.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.782-788
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• 2014

Wind power generation has been viewed as a promising renewable energy to meet challenge of climate change. However, wind power is susceptible to climate change because previous investigation shows there are declining trends of the land surface wind speeds over middle and lower latitudes. Since long term variation trends is notably different from inter-annual random variation and could have notable impact on wind farm from planning perspective, observed meteorological data of Taiwan is investigated to find out long term variation trends of wind speed and its impact on wind power generation. It is discovered that wind speed in majority of stations in west coast of Taiwan have ascending trends while that of all investigated stations in east coast have descending trends. Since east of Taiwan is not suitable for wind power development for its higher likelihood suffering Typhoons and most of established wind farm locate in west coast of Taiwan, it is speculated that long term variation trend of wind do not have notable negative impact on wind power generation in Taiwan.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2022

5th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Weather (AR5) predicts that recent severe hydrological events will affect the quality of water and increase water pollution. To analyze changes in water quality due to future climate change, input data (precipitation, average temperature, relative humidity, average wind speed, and solar radiation) were compiled into a representative concentration curve (RC), defined using 8.5. AR5 and future use are calculated based on land use. Semi-distributed emission model Calculate emissions for each target period. Meteorological factors affecting water quality (precipitation, temperature, and flow) were input into a multiple linear regression (MLR) model and an artificial neural network (ANN) to analyze the data. Extensive experimental studies of flow properties have been carried out. In addition, an Acoustic Doppler Velocity (ADV) device was used to monitor the flow of a large open channel connection in a wastewater treatment plant in Ho Chi Minh City. Observations were made along different streams at different locations and at different depths. Analysis of measurement data shows average speed profile, aspect ratio, vertical position Measure, and ratio the vertical to bottom distance for maximum speed and water depth. This result indicates that the transport effect of the compound was considered when preparing the hazard analysis.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2015

In this study, we derive an evaluation structure and 18 Valuation vocabulary for the media facade lighting conditions. In addition, this study deduced the applicable elements that could be applied in time of building nightscape lighting design using media facade by conducting affective evaluation. The research results are as follows: It was found that the image axis of "Dynamic, Colorful" showed the lighting change speed was fast with diverse application of lighting color, and its evaluation object applied by general emphasis, vertical emphasis, partial emphasis lighting method was highly assessed. In addition, it was found that "Luxurious, Unusual" axis showed lighting change speed was slow with the application of lighting color in warm hue series, and its evaluation object applied by line lighting, dot lighting, general emphasis lighting methods was highly assessed. Lastly, it was found that "Soft, Secure" image axis showed the lighting change speed was slow with the application of pastel tone lighting color, and the evaluation object applied by general emphasis lighting method was highly assessed.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.127-138
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• 2019

This study was to evaluate the walking speed of elderly people by using the travel route big data collected by travel diary and smart phone application. We analyzed the change of walking behavior in the residential street environments of the elderly whether they had a company or not. We interpreted the meaning based on previous studies. In addition, the characteristics of elderly people's use of the residential street environment were analyzed by comparing the change in spatial speed according to the companion. The result reveals that the usage patterns of the residential street environments change depending on whether they were accompanied or not. First, the elderly tend to do more social activities while walking alone than when they were accompanied. When they were accompanied the social activities occur in empty lot near the residential area. However, the social activities of the elderly occur in open space such as neighborhood park or playground while walking alone. Finally, This study has strength that it empirically analyzes the elderly's walking behavior and usage paths in small outdoor spaces, including residential streets.