• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.100-109
• /
• 2000

In this paper a stepping motor drive electronic ratio control system for a metal belt CVT is suggested. The electronic ratio control system developed in this study is designed to control flow rate which is required to obtain the shift speed and to control the primary actuator pressure to maintain the desired ratio. Considering these control characterstics a fuzzy logic is used for the CVT ratio control. Using the fuzzy logic dynamic models of the ratio control system is investigated and compared with the experimental results. The experimental and simulation results show that the electronic ratio control system developed in this study can be used in CVT system for the active control of the speed ratio.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.7 no.5
• /
• pp.66-72
• /
• 1999

It is necessary to discuss lightening engine parts and reducing the friction of sliding parts to improve fuel consumption and combustion stability at idling condition. Lean best torque combustion which produce maximum power at a lean air-fuel ratio is effective for the reduction of exhaust gas emission and the improvement of fuel consumption. Accordingly, this study deals with the expansion of lean combustible limitation, the combustion stability and the reduction of idle speed through the analysis of combustion characteristics on the base of the control technique of precise air-fuel ratio because it does not need to maximum power at idling condition. The idle speed is increased proportional to ISC(Idle Speed Control) duty ratio. On the other hand the idle speed decreased by lean air-fuel ratio. The COV in engine speed is stable within maximum two percent up to 17.6 mixture ratio by the control of ISC duty ratio.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.1 no.3
• /
• pp.63-73
• /
• 1993

In this paper, fuzzy control algorithm for the speed ratio control of the electro-hydraulic rig type continuously variable transmission(CVT) was proposed and the CVT performance tests were carried out for the optimal operation of the engine simulator. The experimental results for the constant throttle and the acceleration modes showed that the engine can be run on the optimum operating line, representing the power and economy mode, by the fuzzy control of the CVT speed ratio. Comparing the PID control with the fuzzy control, it was found that the fuzzy control showed better performance with the faster rising time and smaller steady state error. The result of this study can be used as basic design materials for developing the transmission control unit of the CVT.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.85-97
• /
• 2000

In this paper, static and dynamic shift control stategies of CVT speed ratio are suggested. For the static shift control, in order to operate engine on the optimal operating region, a fuzzy control logic is used. In the fuzzy logic, S- factor that is defined as a degree of sportiness is introduced. Simulation results show that the static shift control strategy based on the fuzzy logic selects the optimal operating point automatically between the economy and the sporty mode corresponding to the driver's desire and the driving condition. For the dynamic shift control strategy, a shift speed map is suggested which determines the shift sped as fast or slow based on Δi, the difference between the desired speed ratio id and the actual speed ratio i, and throttle opening. It is seen from the simulation results that the CVT shift speed is determined by the dynamic shift control strategy to provide appropriate performance and comfort for the driver's demand and driving condition. Additionally, experiments are performed to investigate the dynamic performance of the shift speed for the lift foot up. From the experimental results, it is found that improved shift feeling can be obtained by the dynamic shift control strategy when lift foot up occurs.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.92-99
• /
• 2006

The swirl ratio of a charge in the cylinder was estimated by calculating the ratio of the rotary speed of charge which could be simulated from the rotary speed of paddle in the swirl measurement apparatus, to the engine speed which could be calculated by measuring intake air flow rate. The automation of the swirl ratio measurement for cylinder head was achieved by controling both valve lift in cylinder head and a suction pressure of surge tank using two step-motors. The number of measurement position for calculating mean swirl ratio was varied by adjusting the interval of valve lift. The mean swirl ratio with varying the number of measurement position showed nearly constant value. Two measurement methods for measuring the swirl ratio were compared, one was to control the suction pressure of the surge tank with PID (proportional, integral, differential) mode with by-pass valve controlled by the step motor and the other did not control the surge tank pressure by fixing the by-pass valve. The difference of the mean swirl ratio between the two measurement methods showed nearly constant value with varying the number of measurement position. This means that the w/o PID control method could be preferred to the PID control method which has been used, due to the simpleness of the swirl measurement.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.46-50
• /
• 2016

The adaptive power control of Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems for communications between User Equipments (UEs) with a link-budget based Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR) estimate which has distance information is applied to three inner loop power control algorithms. The speed estimation performances of these algorithms with their consecutive Transmit-Power-Control (TPC) ratios are compared to each other, and it is concluded that the speed can be estimated using the TPC ratio information of Consecutive TPC Ratio Step-size Closed Loop Power Control (CS-CLPC) and Fixed Step-size Power Control (FSPC).

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.201-208
• /
• 2002

In this paper, the control strategy of ratio changing system for a metal belt CVT adopting primary pressure regulation is developed, and the shirting performance of pressure regulating type CVT with the suggested control strategy is investigated. The control strategy suggested in this study is composed of 2 feedback loop, one is speed ratio feedback and the other is primary pressure feedback. The pressure feedback is adopted to ensure prohibiting a belt slip during transient period in a fast downshift mode. Simulation results show that the system with suggested control strategy gives appropriate response time and tracking Performance for upshift and also gives a proper primary pressure which can prohibit the belt slip. In addition, it is fecund that the given system has an acceptable servo property in tracking the target speed ratio and robustness for the disturbance of line pressure.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.9 no.5
• /
• pp.179-187
• /
• 2001

In this paper, a primary pressure regulating type ratio control system is developed for a metal belt CVT, and the CVT ratio changing characteristics are investigated by simulation and experiment. The hydraulic part of the ratio control system has a simple structure with one 3-way spool valve as a main ratio control valve and one bleed type variable force solenoid as a pilot valve. The mathematical modelling of the CVT hydraulic system is derived by considering the CVT shift dynamics. Simulation results of CVT speed ratio and the primary pressure agree with the experimental results demonstrating the validity of the dynamic models. It is found from the simulation and experimental results that the response time of speed ratio and primary pressure can be shortened by increasing the ratio control valve port area, and the size of feedback orifice of ratio control valve gives a damping effect on the primary pressure oscillation.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 1997

In this paper, a transfer function was obtained for a PWM high speed solenoid valve controlled metal belt CVT system. The transfer function was defined as the ratio of speed ratio to PWM duty ratio and derived in time domain by linear regression analysis from the experimental results. The transfer function obtained showed different dynamic characteristics for the up and down shift. Also, LQG/LTR controller was designed for the CVT system using the transfer function. It is seen from the experimental results that LQG/LTR control showed good performance for the speed ratio tracking and disturbance rejection. The phase difference and relatively slow response are considered due to the inaccuracy os the transfer functions, which resulted from the inherent nonlinearities of the transmission characteristics of the metal belt CVT.

• Journal of Drive and Control
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.30-36
• /
• 2013

Tractor is a farm vehicle that is designed to provide a high tractive effort at low speed. It is used for versatile agricultural tasks such as hauling a trailer, tillage, mowing and construction work. Most older tractors use a manual transmission. However, as the intensity of work increases, tractors equipped with automatic transmission become popular due to the work convenience. In order to give the operator a large degree of control in field work, 24 gears with automatic 8-speed and manual 3-speed are arranged in transmission. This paper deals with the gear train that is designed for 8-speed automatic transmission by the engagement of multi-disk clutches. The gear ratio for each speed as well as power transmission mechanism is analyzed through velocity analysis. In addition, constraints of mesh gear ratio are derived by investigating the power flow path in velocity diagram for the given 8-speed gear ratio.