• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.215-226
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• 2017

A study on indigenous diatoms was carried out at 10 sites from May 2014 to December 2016 in marine and freshwater in Korea. Seventeen species of diatoms are new to Korea and they are divided into 3 classes, 4 subclasses, 10 orders, 14 families, and 16 genera. The nomenclatures, references, dimensions, specimens examined, local habitat, distribution in Korea, and photograph are reported here. Seventeen species found in marine, freshwater, and brackish water showed species-specific habitats.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.191-198
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• 2014

The tall building and super tall building has been a common building type in China, with multiple functions and complex geometry. Composite construction is broadly used in tall building structures and constitutes the mixed structure together with concrete and steel constructions. The mixture of the constructions is purposely designed for specific area based on the analysis results to achieve the best cost-effectiveness. New types of composite construction are conceived of by engineers for columns and walls. Material distribution is more flexible and innovative in the structural level and member level. However the reliability of computer model analysis should be verified carefully. Further researches in the design and build of composite construction are necessary to ensure the success of its application. Composite or Mixture Index is suggested to be used as a performance benchmark.

• ALGAE
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.153-157
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• 2007

Two species of marine red algae, Jania ungulata (Yendo) Yendo f. brevior (Yendo) Yendo and Peyssonnelia japonica (Segawa) Yoneshigue (Rhodophyta) were collected for the first time from Mexican Pacific coast. Their vegetative and reproductive structures are described, as well as the habitat where they were found and their geographical distribution along the Pacific coasts of Mexico. Jania ungulata f. brevior is a commonly growing epiphytic and Peyssonnelia japonica is epiphyte. The fact that we found this new records in Mexican coast is noteworthy, due that this species are originally described in Japanese coast. The absence of records of this species in the Mexican coast is likely related in part to the lack of specific collections and the fact that the specimens are small and delicate, and may commonly be unnoticed during samplings.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.237-246
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• 2012

Outrigger systems have been widely used in super tall buildings constructed since the 1980's, eclipsing previously favored tubular frame systems. However, outriggers are not listed as a seismic lateral load resisting system in any code. Design guidelines are not available. The CTBUH formed the Outrigger Working Group to develop the first-ever outrigger system design guide with an historical overview, considerations for outrigger application, effects on building behavior and design recommendations including concerns specific to this structural system such as differential column shortening and construction sequence impacts. Project examples are presented for various outrigger system types, including advancements in their technology. The guide provides a basis for future discussions on this important topic.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1081-1083
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• 2007

The study in river basin has been performed for the identify water quality impaired stream segments, to create a priority ranking of those segments, and to calculate the heavy metal ion distribution for each impaired segment based on chemical and physical water quality standards. Two methods for modeling the potential area-specific heavy metal distribution are pursued in this study. First, a novel approach focuses on distance. Heavy metal distribution can be associated with a particular small geographic area. Based on the derived estimates an distribution map can be generated. Second, the approach is used the near watershed by means of kriging interpolation algorithm. These approaches provide an alternative distribution mapping of the area. The exposure estimates from both of these modeling methods are then compared with other environmental monitoring data. A GIS-based model will be used to mimic the hierarchical stream structure and processes found in natural watershed. Specifically, the relationship between landscape variables and reach scale habitat conditions most influential found in the Abandoned mine will be explored.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.177-182
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• 2012

It is widely recognised that changes in size and isolation of habitat patches have a negative impact on species richness and the distribution and persistence of populations. Thus, the aim of the research was to analyze the change, distribution and spatial characteristics of woodlands in an urban fringe landscape. The results indicated that there was a common trend of woodland loss across all landscape types while no new woodlands were established during 1976 and 2009. Small patches (less than 5 ha in size) were particularly vulnerable to and more likely to disappear due to human activities such as urbanisation. Changes in woodland cover were clearly observed between 1976 and 2009. Loss of many woodlands was caused by residential and infrastructural developments. As a result, woodlands were becoming smaller and more isolated. This trend probably had adverse effects on biodiversity. This woodland information can be used to identify the potential and specific needs for conservation planning in rapidly developing urban areas.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.103-107
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• 2015

China's rapidly growing cities offer a unique opportunity to create highly sustainable communities. Architects and their clients, typically real estate developers, are highly focused on strategies that are effective at reducing energy and water usage at the scale of the individual building or within a master plan of multiple related buildings. However, a closer look at energy consumption reveals that transportation uses more energy worldwide than residential and commercial buildings combined. In light of this, it is appropriate that China is making massive investments in transportation infrastructure like heavy rail rapid transit and grade separated expressways, but the end result of these investments to date has been to enable people to live further from where they work and shop rather than closer - while simultaneously not creating walkable communities. Using positive and negative examples from Asia and the rest of the world, this article will investigate the specific urban design policies such as height limits, setbacks, land use restrictions, parking ratios, and parcel size which might change to enable the creation of truly sustainable communities for China's 21st century.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.177-185
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• 2017

This research suggests the most effective way for improving energy efficiency in tall buildings is a "fabric-first" approach. This involves optimizing the performance of the building form and envelope as a first priority, with additional technologies a secondary consideration. The paper explores a specific fabric-first energy standard known as "Passivhaus". Buildings that meet this standard typically use 75% less heating and cooling. The results show tall buildings have an intrinsic advantage in achieving Passivhaus performance, as compared to low-rise buildings, due to their compact form, minimizing heat loss. This means high-rises can meet Passivhaus energy standards with double-glazing and moderate levels of insulation, as compared to other typologies where triple-glazing and super-insulation are commonplace. However, the author also suggests that designers need to develop strategies to minimize overheating in Passivhaus high-rises, and reduce the quantity of glazing typical in high-rise residential buildings, to improve their energy efficiency.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.305-310
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• 2014

Wind-induced responses of a structure are often evaluated through dynamic analysis, where measured wind forces obtained from a wind-tunnel test and dynamic properties obtained from a FE (Finite Element) model are utilized. However, the FE model generally shows considerable discrepancies in the estimation of natural frequencies compared to field measurements due to some assumptions and simplifications. In this paper, a calibration method that can improve the estimation of natural frequencies in the FE model is proposed, and specific cases are studied for its validity with comparison to the field measurement results.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.301-306
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• 2017

The design and construction of supertall buildings has grown dramatically in recent years. This area of practice has traditionally fallen within the purview of a very small group of architects and engineers, but this is rapidly changing, as unprecedented growth and densification has spread to markets not traditionally known for high rise construction. The design community has been increasingly committed to the adoption of green and sustainable design, and the integration of smarter, cleaner technologies across the building spectrum. This paper examines current supertall design trends, and suggests that recently completed and planned projects are trending towards more sustainable solutions, and that a unique set of best practices are emerging specific to Supertalls.