• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.804-810
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• 1999

There is a possibility that carvone, a monoterpene from spearmint (Mentha spicata), could induce the bph degradative pathway and genes in Alcaligenes eutrophus H850, which is a known Gram-negative PCB degrader with a broad substrate specificity that was thoroughly investigated with Arthrobacter sp. BIB, a Gram-positive PCB degrader. The strains BIB and H850 were unable to utilize and grow on the plant terpene [(R)-(-)-carvone] (50ppm) to be recognized as a sole carbon source. Nevertheless, the carvone did induce 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase (encoded by bphC) in the strain B lB, as observed by a resting cell assay that monitors accumulation of a yellow meta ring fission product from 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl (DCBp). The monoterpene, however, did not appear to induce the meta cleavage pathway in the strain H850. Instead, an assumption was made that the strain might be using an alternative pathway, probably the ortho-cleavage pathway. A reverse transcription (RT)-PCR system, utilizing primers designed from a conserved region of the bphC gene of Arthrobacter sp. M5, was employed to verify the occurrence of the alternative pathway. A successful amplification (182bp) of mRNA transcribed from the N-terminal region of the bphC gene was accomplished in H850 cells induced by carvone (50ppm) as well as in biphenyl-growth cells. It is, therefore, likely that H850 possesses a specific PCB degradation pathway and hence a different substrate specificity compared with B1B. This study will contribute to an elucidation of the dynamic aspects of PCB bioremediation in terms of roles played by PCB degraders and plant terpenes as natural inducer substrates that are ubiquitous and environmentally compatible.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.63-66
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• 2017

Twenty nine edible plants were selected in order to study their exfoliation effect on abalone Haliotis discus hannai from its substrate. Exfoliation was observed in spearmint Mentha spicata, lemon balm Melissa officinalis, rose flower, onion Allium cepa, wasabi powder, mustard powder, omija Schizandra Chinensis, and hibiscus Hibiscus sabdariffa solutions. In particular, both the omija and hibiscus solutions exfoliated over 90% of the abalone. In field tests, 3% and 4% omija solutions exfoliated 93.6% (850/908) and 97.1% (810/834) of abalone, respectively, whereas 3% and 4% hibiscus solutions exfoliated 96.1% (780/812) and 97.4% (700/719), respectively. The detached abalone were recovered within 1 min 39 seconds. These results indicate that the omija and hibiscus solutions (3% and 4%) may be useful in the exfoliation of abalone.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.190-195
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to figure out the best condition in growth and sod quality of Mentha spp. according to cutting methods and soil depth. Applemint (M. suaveolens), Peppermint (M. piperita), and Spearmint (M. spicata) were used. Regardless of cultivar and soil depth condition, the growth rate in top cutting was higher than layering method. The difference between layering and layering without apical meristem was not significant. Optimal condition for growth was 5cm depth of soil. However, the shallower the depth of the soil, the better quality of sod. Among three Mentha species, M suavelens showed plant height and node number and M. piperita had shoot number were higher than other variety. The best condition of sod was top cutting and 1cm depth of soil regardless of cultivar.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.321-329
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• 2015

The present study aimed to evaluate the phytotoxic potential of essential oils. For this purpose, 18 essential oil samples extracted from Korean plants and 64 commercial essential oils were screened for their phytotoxic potential against the seedling growth of Brassica napus L. (rapeseed). Among the 82 samples, 11 commercial oils (cinnamon, citronella, clove, cumin seed, geranium, jasmine, lemongrass, palmarosa, pimento, rose otto and spearmint) strongly inhibited the seedling growth with $GR_{50}$ value < $150{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$. Major components from these effective essential oils were identified by solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME/GC-MS). GC-MS analyses revealed that the effective samples mainly consist of benzyl benzoate, carvone, citral, citronellol, eugenol, geraniol, D-limonene and terpinene. Subsequently, bioactivity of these individual components was evaluated against the seedling growth of B. napus, Echinochloa crus-galli and Aeschynomene indica. The components from different chemical groups exhibited different potency in inhibiting the seedling growth with varied $GR_{50}$ values ranged from $29{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ to > $1000{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$. In the greenhouse experiment, citral and geraniol completely suppressed the growth of all the tested 10 plants at $100kg\;ha^{-1}$. In conclusion, the individual essential oil components geraniol and citral could be used as natural herbicides for weed management.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.44 no.1 s.138
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• pp.37-41
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• 2005

Essential oil of five plants were screened for fumigation toxicity against Blattella germanica male adults. Among them, coriander oil showed $100\%$ fumigation toxicity against B. germanica male adults at 20 and $10{\mu}{\ell}/{\ell}$ (air) dose, respectively. Through the constituent analysis using GC and GC/MS, we confirmed that main constituents of coriander oil were ${\alpha}$-pinene ($6.1\%$), camphene ($1.1\%$), ${\beta}$-pinene ($0.5\%$), ${\beta}$-myrcene ($0.8\%$), limonene ($2.5\%$), ${\gamma}$-terpinene ($4.5\%$), ${\rho}$-cymene ($1.8\%$), ${\alpha}$-terpinolene ($0.5\%$), camphor ($4.9\%$), linalool ($70.5\%$), ${\alpha}$-tepineol ($0.7\%$), geranyl acetate ($2.8\%$) and geraniol ($1.4\%$). Among them, ${\gamma}$-terpinene and geranyl acetate showed $100\%$ fumigation toxicity at $10{\mu}{\ell}/{\ell}$ (air) dose, respectively. It can be concluded that coriander oil is potential control agents against B. germanica.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.175-181
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• 2015

Compositions of essential oils extracted from mint herb such as Mentha piperita, Mentha spicata, and Mentha ${\times}$ piperita var. citrate produced in Jeju were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and headspace-GC-MS (HS-GC-MS). By the GC-MS analysis, 13 compounds were tentatively identified in Mentha piperita, Mentha spicata, and Mentha ${\times}$ piperita var. citrate, respectively. Peperitenone oxide, carvone, and linalool were detected as major compounds in Mentha piperita, in Mentha spicata, in Mentha ${\times}$ piperita var. citrate, respectively, based on the ratio of peak intensity in the total ion chromatogram. The greater number of compounds, including volatile alcohols and acetates were identified by HS-GC-MsS than by GC-MS in these all three essential oils. Similar patterns of composition were detected in both Mentha spicata and Mentha ${\times}$ piperita var. citrate by either one of GC-MS methods. However, in case of Mentha piperita, $\small{L}$-(-)-menthol, which was identified as the major compound by HS-GC-MS was detected in dramatically reduced quantity by GC-MS. Interestingly, we found that both linalyl acetate and linalool were identified as the dominant compounds in the essential oil of Mentha ${\times}$ piperita var. citrate.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.311-327
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• 2021

Background and objective: Recent urban agriculture meets the needs of urban residents that safety and avoids using chemical pesticides. This study was conducted to identify various factors of companion planting affecting the growth of cherry tomatoes, which will promoting urban agriculture by improving socioeconomic satisfaction with gardening activities through quality. Methods: Four types of companion plants such as marigold, zinnia, spearmint and basil, that have a companion effect with growth, sugar content, and vitamin C content. We obtained the mean and standard deviation and tested the significance at a 95% confidence level (p < .05) with Duncan's multiple range test after one way ANOVA and MANOVA. Results: Compared to monoculture of cherry tomatoes, the plant growth in the treatment plots with companion planting showed a significant increase overall(p < .05), but there wasn't interaction effect among companion plants, planting ratio and type. As for the absorption of inorganic components, the companion planting showed better absorption than monoculture of cherry tomatoes, as favorable growth, and there was an interaction effect among the individual factors. The sugar content was higher than the standard sugar content of 5.8 brix in both the treatment plots at the control, and vitamin C content was higher than the control at 26.27mg/100g in all treatment plots, but there wasn't statistically significant difference. The soil pH in the cultivation plot ranges from 5.5 to 9.0 and was weakly alkaline in all treatment plots except zinnia, showing low contents of phosphoric acid, exchageable potassium, calcium and magnesium. Conclusion: This study was conducted to analyze various factors such as the growth of cherry tomatoes, contents of inorganic components, sugar content and vitamin C content of fruits, and soil analysis according to companion plants, planting type, and planting ratio. We will study sugar content by measuring the change in growth every phase of fruits.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2007

Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary botanicals (herbs and plant extracts) on the performance, nutrient metabolizability, small intestinal microflora, IgG level and blood parameters in broiler chickens. In Exp. 1, 1,000 (500 each sex) broiler chicks($Ross^{(R)}$) were divided into 20 groups of 50 chickens each(25 birds each sex). Four groups were assigned to each of five dietary treatments:control and diets containing antibiotics($Avillamix^{(R)}$, avillamycin-premix), Herb M(Herb $mix^{(R)}$), Plant extract B(BIOSTRONG $510^{(R)}$) and Plant extract A($APEX^{(R)}$). In Exp. 2, 240(120 each sex) broiler chicks($Ross^{(R)}$) were devided into six treatment groups:control and diets containing antibiotics($Avillamix^{(R)}$, avillamycin-premix), Plant extract D($Digestarom^{(R)}$), Plant extract P($Phellozyme^{(R)}$), Plant extract G($Galicin^{(R)}$) and Plant extract C(CRINA $POULTRY^{(R)}$). Each treatment consisted of four replicates of 10 birds each. In both experiments, birds had free access to diets and water for 5 wk on floor pens(Exp. 1) and cages(Exp. 2). In Exp.1, production index of groups fed diets supplemented with herbs and plant extracts was slightly higher than the control and those fed Herb M was highest. In Exp. 2, groups fed diets supplemented with herbs and plant extracts consumed more feed than the control during the period between 4 and 5 wk(P<0.05). Feed conversion(feed/gain) was lower in antibiotics group than other groups. The values of RBC, Hb and HCT were higher(P<0.05) in chicken fed diets supplemented with the additives than in the control in Exp. 1. BA value was lower(P<0.05) in groups fed diets supplemented with the additives than in the control in Exp. 2. Serum IgG were higher(P<0.05) in groups fed diets supplemented with the additives than in the control in both experiments. The cfu of intestinal microflora and metabolizability of nutrients were not significantly different among treatments in both experiments. It was concluded that the botanical supplements can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in broiler diets.