• Title/Summary/Keyword: Soybean curd

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A Study on the Preference on Protein Rich Foods in Kindergarten Children in Gyeong Nam Area (단백질(蛋白質) 급원식품(給源食品)을 기피(忌避)하는 일부(一部) 유치원(幼稚園) 아동(兒童)의 식이형성(食餌形成)과 그 요인(要因))

  • Yoon, Hyun-Sook
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.3-9
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    • 1984
  • Preference on protein rich foods of 103 children, aged 4 to 6, of kindergarten located in Masan Jin-hea, Chang-won cities, was conducted April 25 to May 4, 1983. The results are summarized as follows ; 1) Seventy six percent of the subjects were from families having two three children, without grandmothers in the home About 43% of mother had completed high school, 37% had completed middle school. Mothers' ages ranged from 26 to 50 years, with 57.3% in the 31-40 age bracket. About 63% of the fathers were office and government employees, while 77.6% of mothers were unemployed. 2) Over 50% of the children disliked or refused pork, thick beef soup, liver, soybean, oyster, clam, anchovy, croaker, mackerel, loach, hairtail, porgy, flatfish, a walleye, pollack, a dried walleye pollack, a sciaenoid fish. Taste bad, the characteristic fragrance and lack of experience were the main reasons why the children refused these foods. Over 33% of the children were unexperienced liver, ribs of beef. the small intestine of cattle, a loach, an eel. Over 50% liked milk, egg, dried filefish, sausage, a cattlefish, beef, chicken, a crab, shrimp, bean curd. 3) Most of children hoped that their daily meals should be made in prettier, more sabory, and various ways. Mothers also hoped to have practical knowledge of nutrition and its influence on our body.

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Quality Characteristics of Tofu with Added Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Extracts (알팔파 추출물을 첨가한 두부의 품질 특성)

  • Kim, Sang-Eun;Lee, Sang-Won;Yeum, Dong-Min;Lee, Moon-Jo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.41 no.1
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    • pp.123-128
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    • 2012
  • This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of tofu (soybean curd) prepared with added alfalfa extracts (Medicago sativa L.). The moisture content, yield, and pH of tofu decreased according to the increase of an added quantity of alfalfa extract, whereas the crude protein and turbidity increased. The tofu made with additional alfalfa extracts gave a similar amount of crude ash with that of the control. The Hunter's L (lightness) color value decreased as the content of alfalfa extract increased, but the a (redness) and b (yellowness) values increased with increasing alfalfa extract concentration. Textural properties for hardness were higher but cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess, and brittleness were lower in alfalfa extracts with added tofu compared to those of control. Isoflavones such as daidzein and genistein content were significantly increased with increasing concentration of alfalfa extracts. A sensory evaluation indicated that the group with a 0.5% alfalfa extract showed the best color, flavor, taste, and overall acceptability results. In conclusion, adding alfalfa extracts could improve the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of tofu.

Processing of the Intermediate Product (Frozen Seasoned Anchovy Meat) Derived from Anchovy (멸치를 이용한 식품가공용 중간소재의 가공)

  • Oh, Kwang-Soo;Ro, Rack-Hyun;Lee, Eung-Ho;Park, Hee-Yeol
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.498-504
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    • 1989
  • Processing conditions and food components of frozen seasoned anchovy meat products were investigated. The separated anchovy meat was chopped, mixed with 12.8% emulsion curd, 0.5% table salt, 2.0% sugar, 0.4% sodium bicarbonate, 0.2% polyphosphate, 0.2% monosodium glutamate, 0.3% onion powder, 0.1% garlic powder, 0.1% ginger powder, 3.0% soybean protein, and 0.2% sodium erythorbate by remodeled stone mortar. This seasoned anchovy meat was frozen with contact freezer, Packed in a carton box and then stored at $-25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$. The major fat acids of product were linoleic, oleic, palmitic, docosahexaenoic, linolenic, palmitoleic, eicosapentaenoic acid. Amino acid composition of product were mainly consisted of Glu, Asp, Leu, Lys and Ala. The taste compounds of product were IMP 160.0 mg/100g ; free amino acids such as Glu, His, Ala, Leu 503.7 mg/100g ; total creatinine 158.3 mg/100g and small amounts of betaine, TMAO.

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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Biji (Soybean curd residue) on LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells (마우스 RAW264.7 세포에 대한 비지 추출물의 항염증 활성)

  • Park, Su Bin;Song, Hun Min;Kim, Ha Na;Park, Gwang Hun;Son, Ho-Jun;Um, Yurry;Park, Ji Ae;Jeong, Jin Boo
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.117-123
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    • 2018
  • In this study, we evaluated anti-inflammatory effect of biji in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Biji inhibited the generation of NO and $PGE_2$ through the suppression of iNOS and COX-2 expression. In addition, biji attenuated the expression of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\beta}$ induced by LPS. Biji blocked LPS-mediated $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ degradation and subsequently inhibited p65 nucleus accumulation in RAW264.7 cells, which indicates that biji inhibits NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling. In addition, biji suppressed p38 phosphorylation induced by LPS. Our results suggests that biji may exert anti-inflammatory activity through blocking the generation of the inflammatory mediators such as NO, $PGE_2$, iNOS, COX-2, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\beta}$ via the inhibiting the activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ and p38. From these findings, biji has potential to be a candidate for the development of chemoprevention or therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases.

Quality characteristics of tofu coagulated by apricot juice (살구즙을 응고제로 첨가한 두부의 품질특성)

  • Lee, Sun-Ju;Chung, Eio-Sook;Park, Geum-Soon
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.22 no.6 s.96
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    • pp.825-831
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    • 2006
  • This study investigated the utilization of apricot as a coagulants for tofu manufacture, and compared the quality characteristics and shelf-life of tofu made by A2(2% apricot juice), A4(4% apricot juice), A6(6% apricot juice), A8(8% apricot juice) in comparison with those of C(G.DL). A2 tofu(323.00 g) showed the highest yield of tofu and the tofu yield decreased with increasing apricot juice content. In color, the lightness of tofu was decreased with increasing apricot juice content, while redness and yellowness were increased. The hardness of tofu coagulated with apricot juice was higher than that of the coagulated C(G.DL) and the springiness of A6 and A8 was higher than that of C(G.DL) while that of the other tofus was lower than C(G.DL). The brittleness of tofu was increased with increasing apricot juice content. The pH value of tofu coagulated with apricot juice was increased during storage at $0^{\circ}C$ and the acidity was decreased. Two percent apricot juice tofu had good overall preference.

Solubility, Antioxidative and Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan-Ascorbate (키토산-아스코베이트의 용해성, 항산화성 및 항균성)

  • Lee, Seung-Bae;Lee, Ye-Kyung;Kim, Soon-Dong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.35 no.8
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    • pp.973-978
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    • 2006
  • This study was conducted to investigate the solubility, antioxidative and antimicrobial activity of the freeze dried chitosan-ascorbate (CAs) and chitosan-acetate (CAc). In the results of solubility, CAs was soluble over 0.5% in distilled water, vinegar, green tea, soju (distilled liquor), beer and red wine, while it was not soluble in soy sauce, soy milk, milk, orange juice, coffee, sesame oil, soy milk and soybean oil. The solubility of CAc in the liquid foods was similar to those of CAs, but it was soluble less than 0.1% in beer, and formed curd in red wine. Electron donating activity, antioxidative activity and SOD activity of CAs were 48.2, 90.6 and 67.5%, respectively, while the activities of the CAc were 0, 40.0 and 10.0%, respectively. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of CAs and CAc were $200\;{\mu}g/disc$ against Bacillus circulans, Bacillus brevis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus arabitane and Bacillus sterothermophillus, $400\;{\mu}g/disc$ against Escherichia coli O157, Listeria monocytogenous, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis. There was no significant difference in Hunter's L* value between CAs and CAc $(81.95{\sim}82.97)$, but Hunter's a* and b* values of the CAs was higher than those of CAc. While sour and bitter tastes of CAs were lower than those of CAc, there was no significant difference in astringent taste. From these results, it suggested that CAs has more extensive utility in liquid foods with antimicrobial and antioxidant activity as well as sensory quality compared to CAc.

Quality and Antioxidant Characteristics of Soft Tofu Supplemented with Red Ginseng Extract during Storage (홍삼 추출물을 첨가한 연두부의 저장 중 품질 및 항산화 특성)

  • Choi, Goo-Hee;Kim, Kyu-Chun;Lee, Kyung-Haeng
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.414-420
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    • 2010
  • To develop tofu enhanced nutrition, storage stability and bioactivity, the soft tofu supplemented with red ginseng extract was prepared. Then, quality characteristics including storage stability, physical and chemical property, antioxidative activity, and sensory evaluation were measured. The pH and acidity of control tofu without red ginseng extract were not different from those of tofu supplemented with red ginseng extract during storage. The aerobic bacteria in the control tofu were detected from 10 days of storage whereas the number of total aerobic bacteria was reduced or not detected in the tofu added red ginseng extract during storage. The lightness and redness of the tofu supplemented with red ginseng extract were lower than those of control, but yellowness was higher. The addition of red ginseng extract did not also affect the texture of tofu, and increased lipid peroxidation inhibition and DPPH radical scavenging activity. Although the soft tofu manufactured with red ginseng extract showed a lower sensory preference in supplementation over 0.20% due to color, there was not much difference found until 0.18% red ginseng extract addition.

Epidemiologic Investigation on an Outbreak of Cholera in Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea, 2001 (2001년 경상북도에서 발생한 콜레라 유행에 관한 역학조사)

  • Lee, Jun-Ho;Lee, Kwan;Kim, Jun-Chul;Lee, Sang-Won;Go, Un-Yeong;Yang, Byung-Kuk;Lee, Jong-Koo;Kim, Moon-Sik;Lim, Hyun-Sul
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.295-304
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    • 2002
  • Objectives : This study was carried out to investigate the cause, magnitude and transmission route of the cholera outbreak in 2001 Methods : The study population were those persons who ingested foods at the restaurant, were confirmed as cholera patients, had symptoms of diarrhea and sewed as workers at the restaurant. A questionnaire survey and microbiological examinations on the microbes isolated from rectal swabs were conducted. Of the cases, 316 food histories were surveyed by an analysis of the restaurant menu. Results : There were 139 confirmed cases of cholera reported in Korea in 2001. Of these, 104 were related to the restaurant. By region, Gyeongsangbuk-do had the highest incidence with 91 cases. Of these 91 cases, 74 had ingested foods at the restaurant, 2 were employees and 3 were secondary infection cases within the families. The results of the odds ratio analysis of the 316 persons having ingested foods at the restaurant were as follows: sandwiches 5.07 (95% CI, 1.85-14.59), soybean curd 2.45 (95% CI, 1.09-5.56), noodles 2.34 (95% CI, 1.24-4.42), steamed squid 2.01 (95% CI, 1.17-3.47) and vinegared rice 1.82 (95%, CI, 1.08-3.09). It was certain the restaurant in question was the cause of the 2001 outbreak. Conclusions : We suspected that more than one restaurant employee contaminated foods served at the restaurant. In addition, eating raw fishes purchased at the Pohang Fisheries infected the employees of the restaurant. There is a possibility that these raw fishes were themselves contaminated by cholera bacilli in the sea.

Comparison of Methane Production of Holstein Steers Fed Forage and Concentrates Separately or As a TMR (TMR과 조사료 농후사료 분리급여 방식의 홀스타인 거세우 메탄배출량 비교)

  • Lee, Yoonseok;Bharanidharana, Rajaraman;Park, Jae-Hyun;Jang, Sun Sik;Yeo, Joon Mo;Kim, Wan Young;Kim, Kyoung Hoon
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.36 no.2
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    • pp.104-108
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    • 2016
  • The objective of this study was to determine how feeding forage and concentrate separately (SF) or as a total mixed ration (TMR) affects enteric methane production of cattle. Six Holstein steers ($203{\pm}22.5kg$) were used in a $2{\times}3$ changeover design experiment. Experimental diets (TMR and SF) consisted of compound feed, timothy hay and soybean curd residue in a ratio of 40:48:12, respectively, and diets were fed at 10% of metabolic body weight, on an as-fed basis. There were no differences in dry matter intake and enteric methane production (g/d) between SF and TMR but the methane conversion rate (methane energy/GE intake) of TMR was significantly higher (p=0.05) than that of SF. The mean methane emission factor (kg/head/year) and conversion rate of the two treatments were 21.4 and 0.05, respectively. There was a strong relationship between metabolic body weight and enteric methane production (p<0.001). At the present time, further studies may be necessary in order to establish the effects of TMR and SF on enteric methane production.

On-site Output Survey and Feed Value Evaluation on Agro- industrial By-products (농산업부산물들에 대한 배출 현장 조사 및 사료적 가치 평가)

  • Kwak, W. S.;Yoon, J. S.
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.251-264
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    • 2003
  • This study was conducted to make on-site survey on the output pattern and utilization situation of 19 by-products selected, to evaluate their nutritional characteristics, to find out a reliable index with which digestion of by-products can be predicted on the basis of chemical compositions analyzed and to diagnose the risk of using book values in the absence of the actual values analyzed for diet formulation. Production and utilization situations of by-products were quite various. Nutritionally, fruit processing by-products such as apple pomace (AP), pear pomace (PP), grape pomace (GP), and persimmon peel (PSP), and bakery by-products (BB) were classified as energy feeds. Soybean curd meal (SCM), animal by- products such as blood (BD), feather meal (FM) and poultry by-products (PB), and activated milk processing sludge (AMS) were classified as protein feeds. Soy hulls (SH), spent mushroom compost (SMC), barley malt hulls (BMH), waste paper (WP) and broiler litter (BL) were classified as roughage. Rumen contents (RC) and restaurant food waste (FW) were nutritionally analogous to complete diets for cattle and swine, respectively. Compared to soybean meal (SBM), BD and FM contained high (P<0.05) levels of amino acids and barley malt sprouts (BMS), AMS and FW contained low (P<0.05) levels of amino acids. Enzymatic (pepsin) digestibilities of proteinaceous feeds ranged between 99 and 66%. In vitro DM digestibility was high (P<0.05) in the order of FW, BB, AP, SH, PP, PSP, BMH, BMS, SCM, GP, RC, PB, BL, WP, SMC, AMS, FM and BD. In vitro DM digestibility had the highest correlation (r=0.68) with nonfibrous carbohydrate among chemical components. Differences between analyzed values of chemical components and book values were considerable. Caution is required in using book values when large amount of by-products are used in diets.