• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.1598-1604
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• 2001

Eight $12.4{\pm}0.6kg$ initial body weight crossbred barrows were used to determine the effect of soybean galactooligosaccharides on nutrient and energy digestibility, and digesta transit time. Four dietary treatments were utilized in this trial. Treatment one was a corn-soybean meal based diet (SBM) containing raffinose and stachyose at the levels of 0.16% and 0.75%, respectively. Treatment two (control) was a corn-HP300 (soybean concentrate protein) diet. In treatments three and four, 1.1% and 2.2% commercial stachyose was added to the control diet to provide total dietary stachyose at the levels of 1% and 2%, respectively. The soybean galactooligosaccharides (raffinose + stachyose) level in treatment one was slightly lower compared to that in treatment three. Three collection periods were run with two pigs for each treatment/period. There was a 4 d adjustment period followed by a 3 d collection period. The results showed that the nitrogen retention (86.79%) of pigs fed treatment two diet was higher than that of pigs fed treatment one by 5.2% (p<0.05). The nitrogen retention of treatment three was intermediate 83.09%. The apparent fecal digestibility of all amino acids in treatment two was numerically highest, followed by treatments three and four. However, there were no significant difference among groups (p>0.05). The dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), and crude fiber (CF) digestibility numerically decreased as the soybean galactooligosaccharides level increased, but were not significantly different (p>0.05). Chromium content in feces (from the inclusion of 0.3% chromic oxide in the diets) differed among treatments (p<0.05) at 15 h, 18 h, and 21 h after eating. This showed that the digesta transit time was differed significantly among treatments. Treatment four was the shortest, followed by treatment three, SBM and control. The results demonstrated that in the absence of antinutritional factors and soybean antigen protein, inclusion of 1% and 2% stachyose in corn-HP300 diet has no significant effect on the digestibility of DM, OM, CP, CF and amino acids. When the soybean galactooligosaccharide level in diet one and diet three were adjusted to be almost the same, antinutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitor and soybean antigen protein could decrease the nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention rate of diet. High levels of soybean galactooligosaccharides shortened the digesta transit time in the intestinal tract. This trial suggested that the total level of soybean galactooligosaccharides (stachyose+raffinose) in the weanling piglet diet is better not to exceed 1% when common soybean meal is used as main protein source.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.337-340
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• 2001

A galactooligosaccharide(GalOS)-producing yeast, OE-20 was selected from forty seven strains of yeast growing in Korean traditional Meju (cooked soybean) and the yeast was tentatively identified as Kluyveromyces maxianus var lactis by its morphology and fermentation profile. A maximum yield of 25.1%(w/w) GalOS, which corresponds to 25.1 g of GalOS per liter, was obtained from the reaction of 100 g per liter of lactose solution at 3$0^{\circ}C$, pH 7.0 for 18 h with an intracellular crude $\beta$-galactosidase. Glucose and galactosidase were found to inhibit GalOS formation. The GalOS that were purified by active carbon and celite 545 column chromatography were supplemented in MRS media and a stimulated growth was observed of some intestinal bacteria. In particular the growth rate of Bifidobacterium infantis in the GalOS containing MRS broth increased up to 12.5% compared to that of the MRS-glucose broth during a 48h incubation period.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.497-502
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• 1997

For the purpose of enzymatic production of galactooligosaccharides from soybean arabinogalactan (SAG) hydrolysis, the $\beta$-1, 4-D-arabinogalactanase($\beta$-1, 4-galactanase) from Bacillus sp. HJ-12 was used. The soybean galactooligosaccharides(SOS) were optimally produced in SAG 1%(w/v), pH 8.0, 5$0^{\circ}C$, $\beta$-1, 4-galactanase 20unit/g SAG and 24-40 hour reaction conditions. The produced galactooligosaccharides had visocity of 11,000 cp at 75%(w/v), $25^{\circ}C$. The viscosity of galactooligosaccharides was 80 fold increasing value than that of sucrose solution. Temperature dependence of viscosity of SOS was 4.6 fold higher value than surose solution below than 5$0^{\circ}C$. Less than 50 Brix, the viscosity of SOS was similar with sucrose solution(20-40 cp), but increasing of concentration, the difference of viscosity between SOS and sucrose solution was increased. And, SOS was very stable at pH and temperature.