• 물과 미래
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.339-346
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• 1986

소양강댐 및 충\ulcorner댐의 실시간 홍수조절 모형을 개발하기 위한 방법으로 Min-Max Dynamic Programming에 의한 최적화 기법을 사용하였다. 최적화 모형의 목적 함수로서는 각 댐의 최대 방류량을 최소화하도록 하였으며, 각 저수지 및 하도의 특성에 따른 제약 조건을 고려하였다. 개발된 단일 저수지 운영 모형에 의한 홍수조절 효과를 평가하는 척도로서 조절율과 이용율을 사용하였다. Technical ROM, Rigid ROM 및 Linear Decision rule과 같은 simulation 모형에 의한 조절 효과와 비교한 결과 모든 빈도에 대하여 DP에 의한 최적화 방법이 더 좋은 것으로 나타났다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.37-48
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• 2011

Recently, the social and environmental functions of nature river are important due to the increase of expectation for river restoration. So it should be considered the effect of vegetation affecting the conveyance capacity and hydraulic resistance. However, it has not yet proposed a objective standard and modeling method to estimate the effect of conveyance capacity according to vegetaion distribution in the watercourse such as water level or velocity. Therefore, this study simulates the variations of water level and velocity using 3-dimensional hydrodynamic model, EFDC, to consider a conveyance capacity in downstream of the Soyang Reservoir. The simulation results were validated using statistical index such as F-test and T-test. As results, the water level rises about 0.01 to 0.47m and velocity difference are about -0.95m/s to 0.23m/s.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.800-804
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• 2007

Cyanobacterial toxins, microcystins are very potent hepatotoxins and their occurrence has been reported all over the world. They could threaten human health when toxic Microcystis occurs in water supply reservoirs. In this study, the effects of several environmental factors on production and degradation of toxins produced by cyanobacteria in Lake Soyang have been studied. A new rapid quantification method of microcystins using fluorescence for a detection signal and a lateral-flow-type immunochromatography as a separation system was used. Culture age, temperature, light intensity, pH, N-nutrient concentration, P-nutrient concentration, iron and zinc concentration were the most importantly examined factors. The toxin content was the highest on 17-18 days and at temperatures between 20℃ and 25℃, and at pH between 8.4 and 8.8.

• 생태와환경
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 소양호 동물플랑크톤 군집의 장기적인 변동을 관찰하고 환경요인에 따른 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 조사기간 동안 소양호 유역 강수량은 $705{\sim}1,779mm\;yr^{-1}$의 큰 변동을 보였으며, 이로 인한 호소의 수위변동과 함께 여름철 많은 양의 탁수가 유입되는 것으로 나타났다. 소양호 수질은 몬순기후로 인한 여름철 홍수기 탁수유입이 가장 중요한 환경요인으로 작용하였으며, 계절적 변화가 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 장기간 동안 소양호 동물플랑크톤 군집의 현존량은 2006년을 기준으로 이전과 이후로 뚜렷한 차이를 보였으며, 강우 이후 동물플랑크톤의 현존량이 급격히 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 소양호에서 동물플랑크톤은 1차적으로 이화학적 환경요인과 양의 상관성을 보였으며, 강우 시 유입된 높은 농도의 인과 유기물 증가가 동물플랑크톤 성장에 영향을 미친 것으로 판단되었다. 그러나 소양호에서 동물플랑크톤 군집의 변동은 이화학적 환경요인으로만 설명하는 데는 한계가 있었으며, 동물플랑크톤의 생물량 증가를 먹이망 내에서 top-down과 bottom-up 효과로 설명할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 소양호 동물플랑크톤의 생물량과 군집구조는 탁수유입에 따른 영양염과 유기물 공급, 식물플랑크톤 현존량 및 종 조성 그리고 동물플랑크톤 상호작용이 주요한 결정요인으로 작용한 것으로 판단되었다.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제27권A호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2007

In this research, we have selected the region of Jawoon river that is the area of high land vegetable growing in the upper Soyang Reservoir and we have observed actual floating materials that generate negative nutrition and turbidity of the Reservoir water and the changes of water quality by raining of each month for one year of 2005 in order to monitor the relationship of pollution sources by the outflow of rain water. In addition, we also have conducted statistical inspection methods such as correlation analysis and regression analysis on strength of raining force and rain continuance time among the elements affecting the outflow of floating materials.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제27권B호
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• pp.221-227
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• 2007

This research investigates the turbidity and flow of river for an year, 2005, in order to examine the relation of the generation of turbidity according to the outflow of min water. For this research, the region of Jawoon river where is the area of high land vegetable growing in the upper Soyang Reservoir is selected to observe actual floating materials that generate negative nutrition and turbidity of the Reservoir water and the changes of water quality by raining of each month. In addition, the researcher has conducted statistical inspection methods, such as correlation analysis and regression analysis on strength of raining force, and rain continuance time among the elements affecting the outflow of floating materials.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.840-848
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• 2009

Spatial and temporal distributions of POC and DOC were surveyed in the North Han River system, Korea The proportion of algal cells was calculated in four reservoirs (Lakes Soyang, Paro, Chunchon, and Uiam). Monthly average DOC concentrations ranged from 1.5 to 2.3 mg C/L, and POC showed larger variation than DOC (range 0.3 to 1.9 mg C/L). The average proportion of POC in TOC was higher than those of typical natural lakes. Due to the influence of the Asian summer monsoon, the seasonal variation in POC concentration depended on heavy rain events occurring during the summer. POC concentrations increased during the summer monsoon season due to turbid storm runoff laden with debris, while DOC concentrations did not increase. The highest POC concentrations were observed in Lake Soyang in 2006 when a severe rain event occurred. In two deep stratified reservoirs (Lake Soyang and Paro) storm runoffs formed an intermediate turbidity layer with high POC and chlorophyll concentrations which is thought to originate from terrestrial debris and periphyton transported by inflowing streams. The proportion of algal cells in total POC was much lower than for most natural lakes, and it varied with season; low in the monsoon season and high in dry seasons with algal blooms. An analysis of POC concentration and chlorophyll a concentration showed that the ratio of POC/Chl.a varied from 24 to 80.

• 생태와환경
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• 제33권4호통권92호
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• pp.328-335
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• 2000

현재 우리나라에서 수중의 유기물양의 지표로 사용되고 있는 $COD_{Mn}$법이 지표로서 적합한지를 알아보기 위하여 소양호의 댐앞지점과 유입수를 대상으로 유기물양과 $COD_{Mn}$과의 상관관계를 알아보았다. 또한 소양호를 표충, 중층, 심층으로 나누어 $COD_{Mn}$ 법에 의한 각 충의 유기물산화정도를 비교하였다. 소양호의 유기물농도와 $COD_{Mn}$ 비는 계절에 따라 매우 상이하였고, 수층에 따라서도 차이를 보였다. 유입수에서도 홍수기를 전후로 하여 유기물농도와 $COD_{Mn}$ 비가 유의적인 차이를 보였다. $COD_{Mn}$ 법에 의한 소양호의 유기물의 산화는 평균 40% 정도로 낮은 값을 보였다. 특히 심층의 유기물은 $COD_{Mn}$ 법에 의해 산화되는 양이 30%이하로 매우 낮았다. 이러한 결과는 $COD_{Mn}$ 법이 호수와 하천의 유기물양을 제대로 대변하고 있지 못할 뿐 아니라 계절에 따라 유기물의 조성이 변할 때 $COD_{Mn}$ 법에 의한 유기물산화력이 변한다는 단점을 보여준다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.839-852
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• 2014

The Ministry of Environment (MOE) has made more effort in managing point source pollution rather than in nonpoint source pollution in order to improve water quality of the four major rivers. However, it would be difficult to meet water quality targets solely by managing the point source pollution. As a result of the comprehensive measures established in 2004 under the leadership of the Prime Minister's Office, a variety of policies such as the designation of control areas to manage nonpoint source pollution are now in place. Various action plans to manage nonpoint source pollution have been implemented in the Soyang-dam watershed as one of the control areas designed in 2007. However, there are no tools to comprehensively assess the effectiveness of the action plans. Therefore, this study would assess the action plans (especially, BMPs) designed to manage Soyang-dam watershed with the WinHSPF and the CE-QUAL-W2. To this end, we simulated the rainfall-runoff and the water quality (SS) of the watershed and the reservoir after conducting model calibration and the model validation. As the results of the calibration for the WinHSPF, the determination coefficient ($R^2$) for the flow (Q, $m^3/s$) was 0.87 and the $R^2$ for the SS was 0.78. As the results of the validation, the former was 0.78 and the latter was 0.67. The results seem to be acceptable. Similarly, the calibration results of the CE-QUAL-W2 showed that the RMSE for the water level was 1.08 and the RMSE for the SS was 1.11. The validation results(RMSE) of the water level was 1.86 and the SS was 1.86. Based on the daily simulation results, the water quality target (turbidity 50 NTU) was not exceeded for 2009~2011, as results of maximum turbidity in '09, '10, and '11 were 3.1, 2.5, 5.6 NTU, respectively. The maximum turbidity in the years with the maximum, the minimum, and the average of yearly precipitation (1982~2011) were 15.5, 7.8, and 9.0, respectively, and therefore the water quality target was satisfied. It was discharged high turbidity at Inbuk, Gaa, Naerin, Gwidun, Woogak, Jeongja watershed resulting of the maximum turbidity by sub-basins in 3years(2009~2011). The results indicated that the water quality target for the nonpoint source pollution management should be changed and management area should be adjusted and reduced.

• 물과 미래
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.95-100
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• 1977

The empirical area-reduction method by W.M. Borland and C.R. Miller and its revised procedure by W.T. Moody were made of fitting the area and storage curves to the Van't Hul distributions. It should be noted that the reservoir is classified into one of the four standard types on the basis of the topographical feature of the reservoir in application of the method. In other words, this method did not take into account several considerafble factors affecting the mode of sediment deposition, but only the shape of the reservoir as a governign factor. This is why the method occasionally creates ambiguity in classification and accordingly leads to unexpected mode of deposition. This paper describes a generating an formula to decide the standard classification of four types Van's Hul distributions, taking into consideration quantitatively sediment-loss percent and capacity-inflow ratio as well as the shape of the reservoirs by multiple regression analysis using the least square method to get a better fit to the design curves. The result is expressed as $Y=-1.95+55.8X_1+0.14X_2+0.12X_3$ in which the the values of Y locate the standard type I through type IV in the range from ten to forty with the interval of ten. The regression analysis was correlated well with the standard errors of estimate of around two except for the case of the type IV. This formula does not give big difference from the Borland's work in general sityation, but it demonstrates acceptable results, giving somewhat precise replys for the specific reservoirs. Its application to the Soyang Lake, one of the largest reservoirs in the country, defined clearly the type II, while the original method located it in the boundary of the type II and type III.