• 수완나부미
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.63-91
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• 2018

One of the goals of this article is to continue the momentum begun by emerging scholarship on theory and practice of writing about visual culture of and in Southeast Asia. I hope to offer culturally sensitive and embodied ways of looking at images and objects as sites/sights of cultural knowledge as further theoretical intervention. The argument put forward in my essay is three-fold: first, I critique the prevailing logocentric approach in the field of Southeast Asian Studies and I argue that in a postcolonial, global, and transnational period, it is important to be inclusive of other objects as sites/sights of social, political and cultural analysis beyond written and oral texts. Second, I argue that although it has its own political and theoretical problems, the evolving field of Visual Studies as it is practiced in the United States is one of many ways to decolonize the prevailing logocentric approach to Southeast Asian Studies. Third, I argue that if one reads these Euro-American derived theories of vision and visuality through the lens of what Walter Mignolo calls "colonial difference(s)," then Visual Studies as an evolving field has the potential to offer more nuanced local ways of looking at and understanding objects, vision, and visuality. Last, I point out that unlike in the West where there is an understanding of pure, objective and empirical vision, local Southeast Asian perspectives on objects and visions are more embodied and multi-sensorial. I argue that if one is ethically mindful of the local cultural ways of seeing and knowing objects, then the evolving field of Visual Studies offers a much-needed intervention to the privileged, lingering logocentric approach to Southeast Asian Studies. Moreover, these alternative methods might help to decolonize method and theory in academic disciplines that were invented during the colonial period.

• 동남아시아연구
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.47-84
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• 2018

2000년대 이후, 한국 국제개발협력의 본격적 확대와 더불어 동남아시아 지역에 대한 한국의 국제개발협력 활동과 연구 또한 상당한 발전을 경험해 왔다. 한국의 동남아지역 국제개발협력 연구는 단기간 내에 양적으로 성장하였으나, 비판적이고 대안적인 시각에서 기존 패러다임을 넘어서는 깊이 있는 분석을 제공한 연구는 제한적이라는 지적을 받아왔다. 이에 본고에서는 비판적 동남아 지역연구로서의 국제개발협력 연구 심화 가능성을 고찰하기 위해, 2000년 이후 국내에서 출판된 동남아시아 지역 관련 국제개발협력 연구의 시기별, 주제별 특성 등 연구동향을 파악하였다. 분석 결과, 한국에서 국제개발협력에 대한 학술 연구가 본격적으로 시작된 2007년 이후, 동남아지역 국제개발협력이슈를 다룬 논문 수 또한 급격히 증가하고, 공적개발원조(ODA)를 넘어 개발협력, 국제개발로 연구영역이 확장되었으며, 세부 연구주제들도 다양해진 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 동남아 지역의 현지 사례를 통해 국제개발/개발협력의 인식론적 깊이를 더하는 연구는 아직 소수에 불과하여, 그간 학술연구의 폭은 넓어졌으나 깊이는 깊어지지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 본 논문은 한국의 동남아 지역 국제개발협력 연구가 이러한 한계를 극복할 수 있는 방안의 하나로서 현실비판적/기초학문형 (비판적/대안적) 연구가 지닌 가능성을 제시한다. 이를 통해 현재 실용적 관점 중심의 국제개발협력 연구가 가지는 한계를 명확히 직시하고, 비판적 시각에서 주류 담론과 레짐에 대한 논의를 진전시켜 나갈 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. 또한 더 나아가 동남아시아 현지 사례분석을 통하여 개발/발전에 대한 보다 근본적인 고민과 성찰을 다룬 학제적 연구의 발전 가능성 또한 제시한다.

• 동남아시아연구
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.263-275
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• 2018

• 수완나부미
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.7-27
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• 2018

• 동남아시아연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.77-123
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• 2011

Recently, Southeast Asian people, its food, natural sceneries and so on have been increasingly exposed to Korean people through mass media and multi-cultural events. At the same time, Koreans can frequently encounter Southeast Asians in their everyday lives. Thus, specific images and discourses of Southeast Asia has been established in our society, which creates a new social trend called 'Southeast Asia phenomena'. In short, 'Southeast Asia phenomena' means a totality of Korean people's experience of Southeast Asian and their perception on the region. On the one hand, 'Southeast Asia phenomena' is a result of inflow of Southeast Asians and their culture into Korea. On the other hand, it is also a consequence of Korean people's understanding of Southeast Asia from their trip to Southeast Asia or from their interactions with Southeast Asian people. This article aims to analyze the origin and diffusion of 'Southeast Asian Phenomena' in Korea in the context of Southeast Asia focusing on 4 topics, that is, migrant workers, overseas investments, retirement migration, study-abroad categorized as human movement. This article is also about a country-by-country comparative analysis both at the macro level and the micro level. At the macro level, overseas investments and trade, human exchanges, positive perception to Koreans which considered to be the structural causes become a strong mechanism playing a important bridge role between Korea and Southeast Asia. So these create the high probability of the emergence of 'Southeast Asian Phenomena' At the micro level which is more direct causes of 'Southeast Asian Phenomena', the economic cause is the most important common cause for 4 Southeast Asian Phenomena. Additionally, Korean wave is also remarkable common cause creating 'Southeast Asian Phenomena' even it is not the origin in the context of Southeast Asia. The diffusion of 'Southeast Asian Phenomena' is different by the topics and the elements contributing to create the favorable situation for the diffusion are not only overseas investments and trade, human exchanges at the macro level but also policy elements at the micro level. The relative differences of the causes of 'Southeast Asian Phenomena' in the country-by-country analysis are found. Regarding overseas investments in Vietnam and Cambodia, the economic degree of freedom in Cambodia is higher than in Vietnam. Even Korean Wave has had the longer history in Vietnam, but the favorable perspectives on Korean Wave are stronger in Cambodia. For migrant workers from Vietnam and Indonesia, the economic causes in Vietnam are more significant than in Indonesia. The impact of Korean Wave is stronger in Vietnam than in Indonesia. In case of study-abroad, the social-cultural elements and policy elements are more diverse in Malaysia than in Korea. For the Korean retirees who immigrate to the Philippines and Malaysia, the economic causes in the Philippines is more significant in Malaysia.

• 수완나부미
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.125-157
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• 2019

It has been widely argued that Area Studies is in a critical condition especially in Australia, Europe and the US. However, in the Southeast Asian region, most especially Indonesia, we are witnessing the rise of Area Studies programs with the establishment of several such programs both in research institutions and universities. In this paper, I will discuss a few examples of Area Studies research on the emerging diasporic connections in Southeast Asia and reflect on the constitution of ethnic networks as "sites" where transnational identities are forged beyond state boundaries. Indeed, transnational movements of people have occurred and continue to happen due to particular events like wars and political turmoil, as well as for economic reasons. Today, we find many diasporic groups, including minorities, in the border areas of Southeast Asian countries and historically, minorities have been known for their movements in mainland Southeast Asia. If previously, the diasporic connections, especially with the homeland, had been very limited or even non-existent, today such connections have emerged across national boundaries. On top of this, economic and social networkings are equally on the rise both within and at transnational levels. It is, therefore, important to discuss the identity of diasporic groups and transnational networkings in the cases of two border areas in Southeast Asia.

• 수완나부미
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.55-76
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• 2016

In this paper, I offer a reflection on two cases to assess in preliminary manner the viability of an indigenous methodology for Southeast Asian Studies. The first is Kaupapa Maori Research (hereafter KM) as spelt out in the much talked about book by Linda Tuhiwai Smith, Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous People (Smith 1999). The second case is Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino Psychology, SP), which began to take shape in the late 1960's and 1970's in the Philippines. Arguably these are among the most developed efforts at decolonization or indigenization of methodology. I intend to use these cases to explore the factors that made possible the flourishing and stagnating of indigenous methodologies. I shall argue that the broader context of knowledge consumption, not epistemological and methodological concerns, poses the most formidable challenge to the viability of indigenization efforts.

• 동남아시아연구
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.43-74
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• 2018

이 글은 동남아시아 미술에 관한 연구가 2008년 이래 비약적으로 증가한 것으로 판단하고, 현재까지 약 10년간 동남아시아 지역학 분야에서의 동남아 미술 연구를 검토했다. 이 연구들은 동남아의 미술을 어떻게 다뤘는지 살펴보고, 향후 관련 연구의 방향을 검토했다. 이 기간에 발표된 동남아시아 미술 연구 논문은 50편이며, 베트남 미술과 인도네시아 미술에 관한 논문이 다수를 점한다. 11개국에 이르는 동남아시아 미술에 관한 연구가 단기간에 눈에 띄는 성과를 내기 어려운 전문적인 분야라는 점에서 연구의 성장에는 한계가 있을 수밖에 없으나 짧은 기간에 다양한 연구가 이뤄졌음은 주목할 만하다. 특히 도자기와 조각에 집중된 제한적인 연구라는 점에서 이 기간의 연구는 불균형한 발전을 이뤘다고 평가할 수 있다. 현재까지의 연구 성과와 동남아 지역 연구 환경을 살펴보면 지역별, 분야별 전문가가 필요하다는 결론이 나온다. 지난 10년간 동남아 미술 관련 연구가 발전을 거듭했지만 연구 분야와 대상이 편중되어 있다는 점에서 지역학의 한 분야로서 동남아 미술 연구의 균형 있는 발전을 위해서는 각 지역에 특화된 전문인력 양성이 시급하다.

• 수완나부미
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.225-244
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• 2020

Area Studies, by definition, conjure ideas of emplaced knowledge; in-depth interdisciplinary understanding of language, history, culture and politics of a nation or region. Where detractors might see this approach as overly empirical, therefore precluding theoretical sophistication, others argue that "places" are either artificially constructed, or that processes of globalisation have obliterated the cultural zone. But what if we turn an ethnographic eye to those very processes and technologies themselves? Can Area Studies take to the air, and if so, what are the attendant challenges and benefits? Based on insights from ethnography amongst airline customer service workers, ground and cabin crews in Thailand and Myanmar, this research examines the airline cabin as a field for ethnographic study, and as an emplaced site for political and cultural processes. With participant observation-based knowledge of Southeast Asian cabin crews, this paper examines the 1990 hijack of Thai Airways TG 305 from an emplaced cultural perspective.

• 수완나부미
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.59-83
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• 2019

The Chinese Belt Road initiatives in the Southeast Asian countries marked a new chapter in the development of China political influence on this region. This article looks at the initiative from the cultural dimension and aims to place its narrative as the entry point to understand the use of identity politics in Asian countries that target the Chinese diaspora. This topic relates to the primordial sentiments of Southeast Asian nations amid massive Chinese investment in the region. The issue of Chinese investments under the Belt Road Initiative corridor has a relationship with the formation of anti-Chinese discourse and anti-communist in some Southeast Asian countries. We took the cases of Indonesian and Malaysian elections to observe the use of identity politics and anti-Chinese political discourse in Southeast Asia. In both cases, a common issue emerged, that of the strengthening both Islamic and indigenous sensibilities. The establishment of ASEAN during the Cold War may be seen then as an anti-thesis to emerging Chinese power. However, anti-Chinese and anti-communism sentiments were not enough to unite the forces of the nations of Southeast Asia. We have concluded that brotherhood, mutual prosperity, and anti-neo-colonialism are yet to be fostered completely to make a distinct ASEAN identity.