• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.79-88
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• 2007

This paper suggests a hierarchial method to select the target sites for the nonpoint source pollution management considering factors which reflect the interrelationships of significant outflow characteristics of nonpoint source pollution at given sites. The factors consist of land slope, delivery distance to the outlet, effective rainfall, impervious area ratio and soil loss. The weight of each factor was calculated by an analytic hierarchy process(AHP) algorithm and the resulting influencing index was defined from the sum of the product of each factor and its computed weight value. The higher index reflect the proposed target sites for nonpoint source pollution management. The proposed method was applied to the Baran HP#6 watershed, located southwest from Suwon city. The Agricultural Nonpoint Pollution Source(AGNPS) model was also applied to identify sites contributing significantly to the nonpoint source pollution loads from the watershed. The spatial correlation between the two results for sites was analyzed using Moran's I values. The I values were $0.38{\sim}0.45$ for total nitrogen(T-N), and $0.15{\sim}0.22$ for total phosphorus(T-P), respectively. The results showed that two independent estimates for sites within the test water-shed were highly correlated, and that the proposed hierarchial method may be applied to select the target sites for nonpoint source pollution management.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.755-763
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• 2014

In this paper, a System Dynamics(SD) computer simulation model has been developed to assess the effects of developing and providing an alternate water source. A water service index was also developed to estimate the level of overall customer satisfaction on water supply service. Data from the Busan water supply service and the Korea Development Institute regarding the Nak Dong river bank storage development were utilized during the modeling processes. Some important indicators of the system under study were analyzed by the simulations of development of the alternate water source for Busan. The developed SD model and the water service index can be further utilized as a tool that can assess the extent and timing of an additional service improvement project.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.77-84
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• 2012

Daylighting is the controlled admission of natural light into a space, reducing electric lighting and saving energy. By providing a direct link to the dynamic and perpetually evolving patterns of outdoor illumination, daylighting helps create a visually stimulating and comfort environment for building occupants, while reducing energy costs. Especially, however, glare is the most important factor in daylighting, which is issued by incoming direct sunlight into windows. This study analyzed the discomfort glare on a daylighting window by using Image processing methodology and found a solution to problems with glare source of occupants. There are several ways to evaluate discomfort glare such as UGR (Unified Glare Rating) of CIE, DGI (Daylight Glare Index, Hopkinson, 1972) and VCP (Visual Comfort Probability) of IES. These are used to apply to the relatively little artificial light source and they cannot cover discomfort glare from a real daylighting window. In this regarding, this paper aimed to calculate DGI index of the real daylighting window in a experimental space by using image processing methodology. The variables and outcomes are luminance distribution of non-shading window, effect of venetian blind installed on the window and locations related to position index of DGI.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.73-88
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• 2012

Even though the final source selection of foreign weapon system purchase project in defense area is the most important phase, the standard evaluation index has not been developed. This paper provides an appropriate evaluation index using DEMATEL and ANP methods. First, the all possible evaluation criteria applied to the relevant previous literatures in domestic and overseas researches are derived and classified into groups. Second, DEMATEL method is used to determine the network structure representing the relations of cause and effect between groups and their sub-criteria. If isolated factors, not connected with other factors, are existed in the network structure, all factors except for the isolated ones are grouped as one large factor so that the independency between those ones is maintained. The weights of criteria are determined using AHP method if the criteria are independent relation and ANP method if the criteria are networked. The weights of higher and lower level criteria are then integrated and distributed as a point with respect to the decision making purpose. The developed evaluation index can be used as a standard one in various foreign weapon system purchase projects in defense area.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.6
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• pp.87-103
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• 1979

Information storage and retrieval is a part of general communication process. In the Shannon's information theory, information contained in a message is a measure of -uncertainty about information source and the amount of information is measured by entropy. Indexing is a process of reducing entropy of information source since document collection is divided into many smaller groups according to the subjects documents deal with. Significant concepts contained in every document are mapped into the set of all sets of index terms. Thus index itself is formed by paired sets of index terms and documents. Without indexing the entropy of document collection consisting of N documents is $log_2\;N$, whereas the average entropy of smaller groups $(W_1,\;W_2,...W_m)$ is as small $(as\;(\sum\limits^m_{i=1}\;H(W_i))/m$. Retrieval efficiency is a measure of information system's performance, which is largely affected by goodness of index. If all and only documents evaluated relevant to user's query can be retrieved, the information system is said $100\%$ efficient. Document file W may be potentially classified into two sets of relevant documents and non-relevant documents to a specific query. After retrieval, the document file W' is reclassified into four sets of relevant-retrieved, relevant-not retrieved, non-relevant-retrieved and non-relevant-not retrieved. It is shown in the paper that the difference in two entropies of document file Wand document file W' is a proper measure of retrieval efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.525-530
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• 2013

With the increasing the importance of emotional quality of vehicle, the sound quality of systems with electric motor components has become increasingly important. Electric motors are used for windows, seats, sun roof, mirrors, steering columns, windshield wiper, climate control blowers, etc. In this paper, a study was conducted to identify sound quality factors that contribute to customer's satisfaction and preference of the window lift system. Jury test for subjective evaluation was carried out and sound quality index was developed. Averaged sound pressure level and sharpness were significant factors when glass moves down. Also, maximum loudness at stop section and averaged loudness were significant factor when glass moves up. Noise source identification was carried out for the reduced the loudness and sharpness during glass transferred section and impulsive noise at stop section, Using the source identification result, several improvement points were applied. And finally, the degree of sound quality improvement was judged using sound quality index.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.358-363
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• 2019

The acoustic power is used as a primary index characterizing underwater sound sources and could be defined by its source level. The source level has been assessed using various experimental techniques such as the reverberation time method and reverberant tank plot method. While the reverberation time method requires reverberation time data extracted in a preliminary experiment in a reverberant water tank, the reverberant tank plot method only needs acoustic pressure data directly obtained at the reverberation water tank. In this research, these experimental techniques were studied in comparative experiments to estimate the source levels of underwater sources in a reverberant water tank. This paper summarizes the basic theories and procedures of these experimental techniques and presents the experimental results for an underwater source in a long cuboid water tank using each technique, along with a discussion.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.183-199
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• 1999

The three key parts of citation index are the Citation Index, the Source Index and the Permuterm Subject Index. To identify the core elements for citation index database system, it analyzed the items that have been cited in references and source items of Journal of the Korean Society for Information Management from vol. 1 no. l(1984) to vol. 15 no. 3(1998). Ten core elements were identified and the description format was specified respectively. The core elements are author, organization that the author is affiliated, title of article, title or journal, volume/numberlpage numbers, year of publication, keyword, language, subject category, statistics of references in article. Also, characteristics of errors in reference citations were analyzed and categorized in the viewpoint of the citation index development of academic journals in Korea.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 1995

Despite the widespread use of GIS over the past ten years, it has been limited application for regional modeling of pollutant loadings such as sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorus(non-point source pollution), The goals of this study were to: select important processes and parameters of watersheds that contribute to non-point source pollution degradation, develop a ranking model to use the environmental geologic data and verify the model by comparing results with existing water quality data(Chung-ju Lake) for specific watersheds, The GIS database consisted of topography, geology, soils, precipitation, rainfall erosivity, land use, and watershed boundaries. The index(NPSP) for assessing non-point source pollution was comprised in the following three seperate components: soil loss index(SLI) assesses the potential soil erosion and sedim-ent delivery from field to stream; run-off potential ratio(R.P.R) predicts the potential production of surface runoff; chloropgyll-a index ranks the potential manure(animal or human) production within a watershed. The GIS model was a valuable tool to assess the impact of environmental pollation in watersheds.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.95.2-95.2
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• 2012

We have compared the geoeffective parameters of halo coronal mass ejections (CMEs) to predict geomagnetic storms. For this we consider 50 front-side full halo CMEs whose asymmetric cone model parameters and earthward direction parameter were available. For each CME we use its projected velocity (Vp), radial velocity (Vr), angle between cone axis and sky plane (${\gamma}$) from the cone model, earthward direction parameter (D), source longitude (L), and magnetic field orientation (M) of the CME source region. We make a simple and multiple linear regression analysis to find out the relationship between CME parameters and Dst index. Major results are as follows. (1) $Vr{\times}{\gamma}$ has a higher correlation coefficient (cc = 0.70) with the Dst index than the others. When we make a multiple regression of Dst and two parameters ($Vr{\times}{\gamma}$, D), the correlation coefficient increases from 0.70 to 0.77. (2) Correlation coefficients between Dst index and $Vr{\times}{\gamma}$ have different values depending on M and L. (3) Super geomagnetic storms (Dst ${\leq}$ -200 nT) only appear in the western and southward events. Our results demonstrate that not only the cone model parameters together with the earthward direction parameter improve the relationship between CME parameters and Dst index but also the source longitude and its magnetic field orientation play a significant role in predicting geomagnetic storms.