• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1999.03a
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• pp.265-269
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• 1999

This study was carried out to evaluate human subjective sensation for fabric rustling sounds and predict the sensation with quantified sound color measurements and mechanical properties of fabrics. Thirty subjects at Virginia Tech were asked to evaluate seven sound sensation descriptors by semantic differential scale after hearing eight different fabric sounds. Sound measurements were quantified by calculating total sound pressure(LPT), level range(ΔL), and frequency difference (Δf). Mechanical properties of fabrics were measured by KES-FB. Subjective sensation for fabric sound showed significant differences among fabrics except clearness sensation. Subjective sensation predicted by sound measurements showed well fitted regression equation with ΔL and LPT> Sharpness, clearness, and highness were significantly released with mechanical properties of fabrics. All sensation was found to be predicted with sound measurements L:PT and Δf and mechanical properties such as LT, 2HG5, WC, T, and W.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.269-276
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• 2005

In this study, cross-cultural comparison of sound sensation for Korean traditional silk fabrics between Korea and America was performed and prediction models for sound sensation by objective measurements including sound parameters such as level pressure of total sound (LPT), Zwicker's psychoacoustic characteristics, and mechanical properties by Kawabata Evaluation System were established for each nation to explore the objective parameters explaining sound sensation of the Korean traditional silk. As results, Koreans felt the silk fabric sounds soft and smooth while Americans were revealed as perceiving them hard and rough. Both Koreans and Americans were pleasant with sounds of Gongdan and Newttong and especially Newttong was preferred more by Americans in terms of sound sensation. In prediction models, some of subjective sensation were found as being related mainly with mechanical properties of traditional silk fabrics such as surface and compressional characteristics.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.196-202
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• 2001

In order to investigate the relationship between subjective sensation for fabric sound and touch and the objective measurements, eight different apparel fabrics were selected as specimens. Sound parameters of fabrics including level pressure of total sound (LPT), level range (ΔL), and frequency differences (Δf) and mechanical properties by Kawabata Evaluation System (KES) were obtained. For subjective evaluation, seven aspects of the sound (softness, loudness, pleasantness, sharpness, clearness, roughness, and highness) and eight of the tough (hardness, smoothness, fineness, coolness, pliability, crispness, heaviness, and thickness) were rated using semantic differential scale. Polyester ultrasuede was evaluated to sound softer and more pleasant while polyester taffeta to sound louder and rougher than any other fabrics. Wool fabric such as worsted and woolen showed similar sensation for sound but differed in some touch sensation in that woolen was coarseast, heaviest, and thickest in touch. In the prediction model for sound sensation, LPT affected positively subjective roughness and highness as well as loudness, while ΔL was found as a parameter related positively with softness and pleasantness. Touch sensation was explained by some of mechanical properties such as surface, compressional, shear, and bending properties implying that a touch sensation could be expressed by a variety of properties.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.605-615
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate sound characteristics including sound parameters and subjective sensation, and primary hand values related with sound of fabrics for blouse, and furthermore to predict subjective sound sensation with mechanical properties and sound parameters. Sound of specimens was analyzed by FFT. Level pressure of total sound(LPT), loudness(Z), coefficients of autoregressive(AR) functions for fitting the spectra, and sound color factors(ΔL and Δf) were obtained as sound parameters. Primary hand values for women's thin dress were calculated by using KES-FB. Subjective sensation for sound including softness, loudness, sharpness, clearness, roughness, highness, and pleasantness was evaluated by free modulus magnitude estimation. The results were as follows; 1. Fabrics for blouse showed similar spectral shapes to one another in that amplitude values were lower in most ranges of frequencies than fabrics for other uses. 2. It was found that fabrics for blouse were less louder because LPT, loudness(Z), and ARC values were lower than other fabrics. 3. Primary hand values indicated that specimens were soft-touched, flexible, and less crisp. Among primary hands related with sound, Shari values were higher for silk fabrics than for synthetic ones, while the values for Kishimi were similar, 4. Fabrics for blouse were rated more highly for softness, clearness, and pleasantness than for loudness, sharpness. roughness, and highness. Silk fabrics were evaluated more pleasant than synthetic fabrics. 5. Subjective sensation for sound of blouse fabrics were predicted with mechanical properties and physical sound parameters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.138-143
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• 2000

In order to investigate the relationship between fabric sound parameters and subjective sensation, each sound from 60 fabrics was recorded and analyzed by Fast Fourier transform. Level pressure of total sound (LPT), three coefficients (ARC, ARF, ARE) of auto regressive models, loudness (Z), and sharpness (Z) by Zwickers model were estimated as sound parameters. For subjective evaluation, seven sensation (softness, loudness, sharpness, clearness, roughness, highness, and pleasantness) was rated by both semantic differential scale (SDS) and free modulus magnitude estimation (FMME). As the results, the ARC values were positively proportional to both LPT and loudness (Z) values. In both of SDS and FMME, softness, clearness, and pleasantness were negatively correlated with loudness, sharpness, roughness, and highness. In regression models, softness and clearness by FMME were negatively affected by LPT뭉 ARC, while loudness, sharpness, roughness, and highness were positively expected. Regression models for pleasantness showed low values for R2.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2003

The objectives of this study the effects of fabric noise from active wear on electrodiagnosis(EMG), to examine the effects on subjective sensation, and to relate the EMG results and the subjective sensation.. Five nylon water repellent taffeta fabrics were rubbed each other and the fabric noise were recorded. EMG was done from 10 female university students and electrodes were attached on each participant's upper arm and lower am. The subjective sensation was measured by FMME(Free Modulus Magnitude Estimation). The EMG values from upper arm showed higher voltage than those from lower arm, and the differences between values with fabric sound and without were larger at upper arm than those at lower am. EMG decreased when fabric sound was evaluated soft and pleasant, however It increased in proportion as fabric sound was evaluated loud and sharp. The predicted models for subjective sensation using physical sound properties and EMG results were well explained except roughness. Pleasantness was well predicted by EMG at upper am and EMG at lower arm, as the result, it was explained that the lower the EMG, the more pleasant the participant.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.41-42
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• 2012

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2001

The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship of sound parameters with subjective sensation and physiological responses, and to figure out the interrelationship between the subjective sensation and physiological responses. Sound parameters calculated were LPT, ΔL, Δf, loudness[Z], and sharpness[Z]. Subjective sensation was evaluated in 7 aspects(soft-hard, loud-quiet, pleasant-unpleasant, sharp-dull, clear-obscure, rough-smooth, high-low) by thirty participants. We acquired physiological responses when each fabric sound was presented to 10 participants. Physiological signals obtained in this study were electroencephalogram(EEG), pulse volume(PV), skin conductance level(SCL), and LF/HF of heart rate variability. The larger the values of loudness[Z] and LPT, the louder and the rougher the subjective sensation of the perceived fabric sound. Also, the larger the values of loudness[Z] and LPT, the harder, the duller, and the less pleasant. As LPT increased, PV decreased. Loudness[Z] increased in proportion to SCL and so did sharpness[Z] to LF/HF. As the sound perceived to be quieter and clearer, the relative power of slow alpha rose. As the sound perceived to be more pleasant and smoother, PV rose.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.16 no.5 s.110
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• pp.551-558
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• 2006

Noise from air-conditioner system installed in the ceiling of a classroom was evaluated to investigate the sound quality of air-conditioning noise. Harmonics of air-conditioning noise were removed and the sound pressure levels of the frequency bands from $250{\sim}630Hz$ were changed to control sound quality. Evaluation for refreshing sensation was conducted using a paired comparison method and the results showed that noise without harmonics were preferred to noise with harmonics. The noises which have larger level increases to the unchanged noise at $250{\sim}630Hz$ were evaluated better in both of the noises with and without harmonics. Results of multiple regression analysis on psychoacoustic parameters and subjective preferences showed sharpness as a major affecting factor in describing the refreshing aspect of air-conditioning sound.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate sound sensation of Korean traditional silk fabrics with similar sound pressure levels (SPL) and to identify secondary physical factors excluding SPL which determine sound sensation of the fabrics. Sounds of the silk fabrics tended to be perceived differently from one another as for some of sensation such as clearness ant roughness. They were felt more strongly in aspects of loudness, roughness, and highness than of softness, sharpness, clearness, and pleasantness. Subjective clearness, roughness, and highness were significantly correlated with some of sound parameters including roughness(z), ${\Delta}L,\;and\;{\Delta}f$. Especially, both of clearness and roughness which were varied among the fabrics were found as determined by ${\Delta}L$. This result means that ${\Delta}L$ as well as roughness(z) and ${\Delta}f$ could be utilized secondary to SPL in order to satisfy some of human sensibility for sound from traditional silk fabrics without variation of physical loudness.