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A Study on Interoperability of Geo-sensor Based Outcomes : Focusing on Korean Land Spatialization Program (센서기반 응용시스템간 상호운용성 확보에 관한 연구 : 지능형국토정보기술혁신사업을 대상으로)

  • Park, Jae-Min;Jung, Yeun-J.;Park, Kwan-Dong;Kim, Byung-Guk
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.27 no.5
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    • pp.517-528
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    • 2009
  • Korean Land Spatialization Program (KLSP) is a R&D program of the National GIS Project for developing ubiquitous GIS technologies under control of Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs. The first program from 2006 to 2012, initiated with $132 million of national fund and $42 million of private matching fund. Aiming 'Innovation of the GIS technology for the ubiquitous Korean land', KLSP consists of five core research projects and one research coordination project. The coordination project's purpose is to practically utilize and commercialize the results of core research projects. Korean Land Spatialization Group (KLSG) is planning a test-bed for testing, integrating, and exhibit- ing the KLSP's outcomes. Integrations of the outcomes are mandatory for the successful KLSG Test-Bed. The main objective of this paper is to introduce KLSP test-bed and three methodologies for integration of the outcomes in KLSP. As a plan of integrations, especially, this paper proposes SWE SOS (Sensor Observation Service) prototype to achieve interoperability of the geo-sensor networks.

A Study of Dance Movement Training on the Wellness of young Women (율동적 동작 훈련이 젊은 여성의 Wellness에 미치는 영향)

  • ;Lou Heber
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.538-548
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    • 1995
  • Exercises are achievement oriented, the process is frequently perceived as hard and difficult Participants drop out from exercise programs in the middle of the training period. Dance movement, which is the deliberate and systematic use of movement, is enjoyable during the movement and provides opportunities for persons to express them-selves. Regular long term dance movement may in-duce a training effect with a decreased drop out rate. Dance movement could be one way to attain wellness, however, there have been few studies to evaluate both physiological and psychological aspects of dance movement. This study focused on evaluating the effects of dance movement training on body weight, resting blood pressure and heart rate, limb circumference and strength, stress response and subjective feelings. This quasi-experimental study was designed as a nonequivalent control group pre test -post test study. Ten healthy fe-male subjects, aged between 19 and 31 years volunteered for an eight week dance movement program. Ten healthy female subjects, between 19 and 21 years of age paticipated as controls. None of the subjects had performed regular physical activity for six months prior to the study. Dance movement was created with reference to Heber's movement guide. The Dance movement program consisted of approximately 30 minutes of dance, three days per week, for eight weeks. During each 30 minute work out, there were approximately 5 minutes of warm-up dancing, 20 minutes of conditioning dance and 5 minutes of cool-down dancing. The intensity for the conditioning phase was at between 60% and 65% of age-adjusted maximum heart rates. Body weight, resting blood pressure and heart rate, circumference of mid upper arm, mid thigh and mid calf, muscle strength of upper and lower limb, physical and psychological response to stress were measured prior to, and following the experimental treatment. Body weight was measured by digital weight scale(Kyung In Corp., Korea). Resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured by sphygmomanometer, Resting heart rate was measured for one minute in a relaxed sitting position using the radial artery. Circumference of mid upper arm, mid thigh and mid calf was determined by tape measure. Muscle strength of the upper extremities was measured by a grip dynamometer (Takei Corp. No.1857, Japan) and that of the extremities was measured by the length of time the leg could be held at 45° Physical and psychological responses to stress were measured using the Symptoms of Stress (SOS)Scale. Paticipants in the dance movement were interviewed by the facilitator following the eight weeks, and their thematic responses about the dance movement were recorded. Following the eight week dance movement train-ing, body weight decreased significantly, circumference of mid thigh and mid calf increased. The length of time leg - raising could be held tended to increase following the dance movement training. Resting systolic and resting heart rate showed a tendency to decrease. Total mean score of stress response tended to de-crease, and mean score of habitual patterns, do-pression, anxiety / fear, anger and cognitive disorganization decreased remarkably following the eight week dance movement. Thematic responses about the dance movement were positive following the training.

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Inhibitory Effect of Various Cereal and Bean Extracts on Carcinogenicity in vitro (곡류 및 두류 에탄올 추출물의 in vitro 발암 억제 효과 비교)

  • Choi, Yeong-Hee;Kang, Mi-Young;Nam, Seok-Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.964-969
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    • 1998
  • To investigated the anticarcinogenic activity of 70% ethanol extracts from various cereal in vitro, antimutagenic activity, inhibitory effect of DNA strand scission and tumor promotion were examined. The antimutagenic activity of the beans such as black bean and small red bean was generally higher than that of cereals examined. However inhibitory activity of 70% ethanolic extracts against DNA strand scission induced mitomycin C showed that millet, job's tear, black bean and soy bean among cereals and beans tested in this study inhibited effectively the DNA strand scission. Antioxidative activity of some cereal extracts determined by using linoleic acid model system showed that Job's tear, millet and black bean were higher antioxidative activity than other cereals and beans. Conventional short-term antipromoter assay system using activation of Epstein Barr virus (EBV) clearly demonstrated that sorghum, buckwheat, black bean and small red bean have inhibitory effects on promotion in cellular carcinogenesis.

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A Study on the Tsushima Clan Who Invited the Envoy Munwihaeng in 1747 (1747년(영조(英祖)23) 문위행(問慰行)을 맞이한 대마번(對馬藩)의 동향)

  • Tasaka, Masanori
    • Cross-Cultural Studies
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    • v.47
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    • pp.53-76
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    • 2017
  • This paper is a study on the tasks to be carried out by Tsushima clan who invited the envoy -the 38th Munwihaeng- from Korea in 1747, and the process and results. This envoy sent out for the purpose of congratulating Tokugawa, Yoshimune's retirement and Tsushima lord's return home, and also negotiate about Korean Diplomatic Envoys to Japan coming in the future. In late 1745, Yoshimune retired, and Ieshige inherited the position of Shogun. Then in 1746 the Edo Shogunate ordered the Tsushima clan to invite the Korean Diplomatic Envoy to Edo between April and May two years after. To the Korean Diplomatic Envoy's invitation, many stages were necessary. In additon, Korea insisted on following the precedent in exchange with Japan. This time, throne of this new Shogun occurred due to retirement of the former Shogun. In the last 100 years, the history that the former Shogun died and the new Shogun reigned continued. For that reason, Korea had no record of sending letters and gifts to the old Shogun who retired. Because there was no precedent, Korea was unable to smoothly respond to Japan's request. This paper considers the negotiation process with Korea and the Tsushima clan, makes a prestige of the shogunate, in order to be recognized from the shogunate.

Decrease of the Activation and Carbamylation of Rubisco by High CO2 in Kidney Bean (KidneyBean에서의 고 CO2 농도에 의한 Rubisco의 Activation과 Carbamylation의 감소)

  • 노광수;김재기
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.295-302
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    • 1996
  • The measurements of rubisco parameters are important in photosynthetic studies. In this experiment, we used photometric assay method to detect these major parameters, such as activity, carbamylation and amount of rubisco. The main advantages of this method are very simple and as sensitive as conventional methods which usually produce radioactive waste. In this study, with kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgatis L.) leaves grown at normal $CO_2$ (350ppm) and high $CO_2$ (650 ppm), we investigated the effect of $CO_2$ concentration on activation and carbamylation of rubisco by measuring the rubisco activity, carbamylation rate and amount of rubisco using a dual beam (334nm and 405nm) spectrophotometer, and analyzed the polypeptide profiles of rubisco by SDS-PAGE. When $CO_2$ concentration was raised from 350ppm to 650ppm, all parameters of rubisco were decreased : $41.2{\mu}M/m^2/s and 52.2{\mu}M/m^2/s$ to $27.4{\mu}M/m^2/s and 46.1{\mu}M/m^2/s$ for initial and total rubisco activity, respectively ; from 79% to 58.9% for carbamylation rate ; from $1.94 {\mu}M/m^2$ to 1.58{\mu}M/m^2$ for amount of rubisco. These results suggests that the decrease in rubisco activity at high $CO_2$ was caused by carbamylation. The analysis of the preparation by SDS-PAGE showed two major polypeptides at 50 and 14.5 kD which were identified as the large and the small subunits of rubisco. There were no differences in the intensity compared high $CO_2$ to normal $CO_2$ in both 50 kD and 14.5 kD bands. We also found that these inhibitory effects of $CO_2$ were reversible. When high $CO_2$ was switched to normal $CO_2$, the parameters of rubisco changed were almost the same as normal rubisco parameters. These data provide an evidence that activity of rubisco was recovered by $CO_2$ concentration of 350 ppm.

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Development and Physical Properties of Low-Trans Spread Fat from Canola and Fully Hydrogenated Soybean Oil by Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis (카놀라유와 대두극도경화유로부터 효소적으로 합성된 저트랜스 스프레드 고체지의 특성)

  • Kim, Young-Joo;Lyu, Hyun-Kyeong;Shin, Jung-Ah;Lee, Ki-Teak
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.39 no.9
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    • pp.1328-1334
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    • 2010
  • Low-trans spread fat (LTSF) was produced by lipase-catalyzed synthesis of canola (CO) and fully hydrogenated soybean oil (FHSBO) at 65:35 (w/w). Blend of CO and FHSBO with 65:35 ratio was interesterified using Lipozyme TLIM (immobilized Thermomyces lanuginosus, 20% of total substrate) in a 1 L-batch type reactor at $70^{\circ}C$ with 500 rpm for 24 hr. Then, physicochemical melting properties of LTSF were compared with commercial spread fat. At $20^{\circ}C$, solid fat contents (SFC) of commercial spread fat as a control and LTSF were similar, showing 19.1 and 18.1%, respectively. Major compositional fatty acids of LTSF were C18:0, C18:1 and C18:2 (29.2, 41.8 and 13.3 wt%, respectively). Trans fatty acid content of the LTSF (0.2 wt%) was lower than that of commercial spread fat (5.5 wt%). In the RP-HPLC analysis from LTSF, major triacylglycerol (TAG) molecules were SOL (stearoyl-oleoyl-linoleyl), SOO, POS/PSP, and SOS. Also, polymorphic form and x-ray diffraction of LTSF showed coexistence of $\beta$' and $\beta$ form crystals.

Immobilization of Burkholderia cepacia Lipase on Weak Base Styrene Resin Using Polyethyleneimine with Cross-linking (PEI(Polyethyleneimine)를 이용하여 음이온계 레진에 고정화된 Lipase AH 제조 및 효소적 Interesterification을 통한 반응 특성 연구)

  • Lee, Chi Woo;Lee, Ki Teak
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.43 no.7
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    • pp.1025-1035
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    • 2014
  • This study assessed the effect of immobilized lipase on weak base styrene resin using polyethyleneimine (PEI) with cross-linking. Two procedures were used in this study. The first one, "mono-layer" lipase immobilization, involves washing PEI after adsorption. The second procedure, "multi-layer" lipase immobilization, has no washing before the cross-linking step. Treverlite XS-100200 (weak base styrene resin) was immersed with PEI solution (2.2 mg/mL). Lipase AH (from Burkholderia cepacia) was adsorbed onto the support coated with PEI before cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. Structured lipid was synthesized by immobilized lipase-catalyzed interesterification using canola oil, palmitic ethyl ester (PEE), and stearic ethyl ester (StEE). Total fatty acid contents of triacylglycerol (TAG) in structured lipids were analyzed to investigate activity, properties, and reusability of immobilized lipases. Activities of immobilized lipases on the multi-layer and mono-layer increased at a high concentration (8 mg/mL) of lipase solution used for immobilization. The results show that immobilized lipase with the mono-layer method at pH 8.0 on resin had the highest total saturated fatty acid content (26.17 area%). Activity of immobilized lipase with the multi-layer method at pH 7.5 on support was lower than that of the mono-layer, but total saturated fatty acid content was 16.79 area% higher than that of lipase AH (15.01 area%).

Experiments on the stability of the spatial autocorrelation method (SPAC) and linear array methods and on the imaginary part of the SPAC coefficients as an indicator of data quality (공간자기상관법 (SPAC)의 안정성과 선형 배열법과 자료 품질 지시자로 활용되는 SPAC 계수의 허수 성분에 대한 실험)

  • Margaryan, Sos;Yokoi, Toshiaki;Hayashi, Koichi
    • Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.121-131
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    • 2009
  • In recent years, microtremor array observations have been used for estimation of shear-wave velocity structures. One of the methods is the conventional spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) method, which requires simultaneous recording at least with three or four sensors. Modified SPAC methods such as 2sSPAC, and linear array methods, allow estimating shear-wave structures by using only two sensors, but suffer from instability of the spatial autocorrelation coefficient for frequency ranges higher than 1.0 Hz. Based on microtremor measurements from four different size triangular arrays and four same-size triangular and linear arrays, we have demonstrated the stability of SPAC coefficient for the frequency range from 2 to 4 or 5 Hz. The phase velocities, obtained by fitting the SPAC coefficients to the Bessel function, are also consistent up to the frequency 5 Hz. All data were processed by the SPAC method, with the exception of the spatial averaging for the linear array cases. The arrays were deployed sequentially at different times, near a site having existing Parallel Seismic (PS) borehole logging data. We also used the imaginary part of the SPAC coefficients as a data-quality indicator. Based on perturbations of the autocorrelation spectrum (and in some cases on visual examination of the record waveforms) we divided data into so-called 'reliable' and 'unreliable' categories. We then calculated the imaginary part of the SPAC spectrum for 'reliable', 'unreliable', and complete (i.e. 'reliable' and 'unreliable' datasets combined) datasets for each array, and compared the results. In the case of insufficient azimuthal distribution of the stations (the linear array) the imaginary curve shows some instability and can therefore be regarded as an indicator of insufficient spatial averaging. However, in the case of low coherency of the wavefield the imaginary curve does not show any significant instability.