• CELLMED
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.15.1-15.3
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the joy, anger, sorrow, and pleasure of Koreans in Arirang songs. Arirang is a representative song that strengthens the collective identity and social bond of Koreans. For Koreans who mainly eat rice, Arirang represents rice, life, and reason for its existence. Koreans have been singing Arirang together for a long time, overcoming pain, sadness, and hardships and consoling their minds and bodies. Arirang is a national music that is loved more and sung more often than the national anthem. The hill on the mountain is not a place to stay. The pass is a passing place. This gives us a lot of thought. We have various difficulties living in the world. The word Arirang means that Arirang is not one state. The end of joy, anger, sorrow, and pleasure is surely a joy. Arirang Pass (Arirang Gogae) is not a staying pass, but a crossing pass. Arirang, which contains joy, anger, sorrow, and pleasure, is a soul song and a consolation medicine for mental and physical health. We suggest that Arirang song compared to standard care may have beneficial effects on anxiety, hope, pain, and depression in patients.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.100-127
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• 2006

The present study examined internal environment where the size of internal organs (廳服大小) of Taesoeumyang persons (太少陰陽人) is decided focused on nature and emotion (性情), taking note that there is a difference between the parts triggering the rise and fall (升降) of the energy of sorrow, anger, joy and pleasure (哀怒喜樂之氣) of nature and emotion(性情) and the parts expressing the results. Because nature energy is incoming energy (順動之氣), it infuses energy to parts where the energy of sorrow, anger, joy and pleasure reaches and, as a result, forms relatively large-size organs (偏大之臟). When the energy of the four internal organs is produced, the soul, spirit, mind and life (神靈魂?) of the internal organs, which are triggered by outgoing energy, are consumed and as a result emotion is produced at parts where the energy of sorrow, anger, joy and pleasure reaches. It forms relatively small-size organs (偏小之臟). This study examined the process, focused on the direction of the energy of the energy of sorrow, anger, joy and pleasure moving up straight, moving up diagonally, moving down diagonally and moving down straight.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.105-120
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• 2013

Objectives: Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM) is a Traditional Korean Medicine based on the natural human emotions of joy(喜), anger(怒), sorrow(哀), and pleasure(樂). Therefore, in this paper I would like to construct SCM as a Mind-Body Medicine by studying the relation between SCM and psychotherapy focusing on control of emotions. Methods : I have researched the psychological characteristics of the four human physical constitutions, as described by SCM, and psychotherapy with an emphasis on the natural human emotions of joy, anger, sorrow, and pleasure as discussed in the works of Lee Je-ma(李濟馬, 1837-1900). Results and Conclusions : The joy, anger, sorrow, and pleasure in SCM do not simply refer to human emotions. They have an inherent nature(性), emotion(情) and Qi(氣). They are tied to the psychological characteristics of the four human physical constitutions and the relationship between body and mind. The turning point in the transformation from Sasang philosophy to Sasang therapy lies in these emotions. Sasang Constitutional Medicine, which focuses on 'mind matter' and diagnosing illness, emphasizes medicine and food(藥餌), along with health maintenance(調養). In particular, health maintenance requires the following mental practices. First of all, through countinuous awarness(恒戒) and self-reflection(自反), one needs to practice moderation(中) and restraint(節) of the emotions of joy, anger, sorrow, and pleasure. Therefore, 'inward reflection while sitting(坐思)' is necessary. In SCM, this is very similar to meditation in that it enhances psychological self-control through mental training or practice.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.17-33
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• 2000

Purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between Sung-Jung' concept of Sasang Constitutional Medicine and Brain. So, After studying the meaning of Sung-Jung' concept of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, I made a comparative study through the structure, function, development of Brain. The conclusions were as follows. 1. Human's brain acts a rational, control his actions. and It manage human body's physiology and pathology. and It perceive his surroundings, express his emotion through comprehension, synthesis, judgement about information from various fields. and It's abnormality bring about a spiritual, bodily injury. Therefore, human's brain have many correlation with Sung-Jung' concept of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. 2. Neocortex' function have many correlation with Sung' concept of Hearing-Sight-Smell-Taste (聽視嗅味=sensation=a highly mental capacity) through Ear-Eye-Nose-Mouse(耳目鼻?). 3. Limbic-system'function have many correlation with Jung' concept of Sorrow-Anger-Pleasure-Joy(哀怒喜榮=emotion) through Lung-Spleen-Liver-Kidney(肺脾肝腎) 4. Brain-stem' function have many correlation with vitalistic concept through Qui of Sorrow - Anger - Pleasure - Joy(哀怒喜樂之氣)' rise and fall. 5. Relation of emotions and diseases through Limbic system and Autonomic nervous system have many correlation with relation of Sung-Jung and diseases of Sasang Constitutional Medicine 6. Left-hemisphere' function that has superior power of verbal, analysis, logicality, consideration have many correlation with tendency of Soeumin and Taeumin. and Right-hemisphere' function that has superior power of emotion, non-verbal, imagination, spatial perception have many correlation with tendency of Soyangin and Taeyangin.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.5-29
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• 1992

In this study, the author researched the process in which the philosophical basis of 'Sa Sang Medicine (四象醫學)' and its methodology build up the principles of Sa Sang Medicine, and then, examined how the principles were applied to the theoretical system of Sa Sang Medicine. The conclusion would be summarized as follows. 1. 'Nae Kyung Medicine (內經醫學)' was developed under the concept that the cosmos's order and its moving rule could be directly applied to that of human body, which corresponded to the 'Theory of Hwang-No (黃老之學)'. On the contrary, Sa Sang Medicine is a thoroughly human-oriented theory formed in the Confucianism system. 2. Lee Jae-Ma's Substantialism can be briefed into 'Mind 心' (Tae Keuk 太極), 'Mind-Body 心身' (Yang Eui 兩儀) and 'Activity-Mind-Body-Matter 事心身物' (Sa Sang 四象), which respectively represents one-elemented substance, two-elemented substance and four-elemented substance. Especially, Sa Sang was used as a basic framework in which he recognized all the objects and phenomena. So, most critical significance of his substantialism consists in the intention of Sa Sang type classifying. 3. By the method of Sa Sang type classifying, Lee Jae-Ma not only redefined the main concepts of confucianism and developed a unique philosophy of his own, but also, in the field of medical science, resystemized and re-explained the structure and function of human body. 4. From the recognition that Activity-Mind-body-Matter (Sa Sang) are four different existence forms of energy 氣 (or four variation types of energy), Yi Jae-Ma thinks that the viscera of human body have a vertical structure of 'four parts 四焦' (upper, mid-upper, mid-lower and lower parts) and its physiological function is operated by the rising and falling action of four energy presentations (sorrow 哀, anger 怒, joy 喜 and pleasure 樂). 5. In "Gyuk Chi Go 格致藁", Lee Jae-Ma understood the concept of joy, anger, sorrow and pleasure on the basis of nature-emotion theory 性情論 from the philosophical viewpoint. But, from the medical viewpoint of "Dong Eui Su Se Bo Won 東醫壽世保元", he understood them on the basis of vital energy theory. That is, sorrow, anger, joy and pleasure are expression of advance or reverse of nature vital-energy 性氣 and emotion vital-energy 情氣. 6. The rising and falling action principle of four energy presentations (sorrow, anger, joy and pleasure) which produces and helps each other is an identical principles of Sa Sang Medicine, distinguished from the Oh-Haeng 五行 circulating principle in Nae Kyung Medicine. Through this principle, Lee Jae-Ma explained the viscera physiology of human body, pathology & diagnosis and pharmacology.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.115-130
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• 2008

It is very important problem that exactly distinguish constitution, in Sasang constitutional Medicine. But, it is careless that discuss the propriety of 'Sasang constitution unchangeability theory(四象體質 不變論)'. The foundation of Sasang constitution unchangeability theory is the sentence in DongUi SuSae BoWon Sa-dan theory(東醫壽世保元 四端論) : "The Organ system of Taeyang(太陽), Taeum(太陰), Soyang (少陽) and Soeum(少陰) is the variation of YinYang(陰陽), is firm nature and is unnecessary agreement. (太少陰陽之臟局 陰陽之變化也 天稟之已定 固無可論)". But, the foundation of Sasang constitution unchangeability theory contradict the theory that Organ system(臟腑) is made by deviation of emotions(joy, anger, sorrow and pleasure :喜怒哀樂) or temperament(性情). Because these emotions is revealed after birth(後天), the deviation of Organs system made by deviation of emotions is not innate, is acquired after birth. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the opinion that Sasang constitution is variable after birth. The conclusion of our study is that Sasang constitution can be variable after birth.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of mind-body medicine revealed in the Sa-sang constitutional medicin. Methods: This study examined the psychosomatic aspects of "DongUiSuSeBoWon" that Lee Je-ma wrote about the Sa-sang constitutional medicine, comparing them to Neo-Confucianism and Oriental medicine. Results: Sa-sang constitutions contain much content that can be applied to mind-body medicine. Conclusions: First, the principle of disease caused by mental and physical connections was clearly suggested, as it was considered that when emotions of joy, sorrow, and pleasure reach their peak, they cause fatal damage to the body. Second, it was encouraged to prevent diseases by giving specific examples to prevent the prejudice of the methodology of looking back when it hasn't happened yet and the feeling of anger and joy before the emotions of joy and sorrow are revealed. Third, it suggested the treatment of mental and physical diseases using drugs for diseases that have already occurred and psychiatric methods.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.9
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• pp.116-123
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• 2006

This study aims to develop the game character to encompass more complicated motions, an upgrade from simple actions, to demonstrate different emotional state. The character takes a medium role in describing various situations by applying the motion of pantomimist and making a connection to the 3D character action. Motion acting is an upgraded version of the basic motion to show various emotional phases such as joy, anger, sorrow and pleasure. Moreover, it delivers clear messages through emotional acting in opposition to symbolic language and provides various perspectives of motion acting.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2018

Objectives On the point of modern preventive medicine, Sasang Constitutional Meidicine(SCM) has the thoughts of preventive medicine. Modern preventive medicine has the three dimensional prevention; primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. The preventive thoughts of SCM concerning three dimensional prevention have been investigated in this article. Method Materials and references were collected about the prevention of SCM. Lee Jema's books such as Donguisusebowon, Gyeokchigo and Donguisusebowon Chobonguen were included. Result and Conclusions As the primary prevention of SCM, Regimen according to ages, explanation according to health index as Myeongmaeksilsu(命脈實數), moderation of four ruinous causes such as intoxication, seduction, opulence and authority, adequate social life and control of 4 kinds of emotions(sorrow, anger, joy and pleasure) are included. As the secondary prevention of SCM, explanation according to disease index, fragile Organs and frequently acquired diseases according to constitutions are included. As the tertiary prevention of SCM, rehabilitation for the stroke patients according to constitutions is included. In conclusion, SCM has all of 3 dimensional prevention methods although that might be applied with modern considerate modification.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.8
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• pp.99-113
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• 2007

The performing art represents joy, anger, sorrow and pleasure through acting and dance, and is told to be a composite art represented by make-up, setting, costume and props. Therefore, it can be said that make-up is an important medium of stage art. Make-up in stage art is a kind of communication with audiences through understanding personalities of characters as demanded by scenarios. Due to the creative stage make-up which meets the character in the play relevant to these contents of the play, the conceptual study on stage make-up design for visual expression coincide with the intended character is needed. In this study, I investigate theoretical, universal, and psychological personality types by analyzing basic appearance features based on the physiognomy(face-reading) related from the psychological theories. And visualized through illustration according to personality types to apply for the characters in the play.