• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.398-403
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• 2000

Experimental study on the porous ceramic burner for oil burning has been performed. Temperature profile of the combustor and CO and NOx emission have been obtained for with and without porous ceramic plate. It is found that very uniform and high temperature region with porous ceramic plate can be realized due to high radiation emission from the plate and also obtained lower CO and soot particulate emission, when compared to the conventional burner. When this burning method is applied to conventional boiler of small heating capacity, it is found that near 6 and 7 percent increase in thermal efficiency could be obtained without a proper calibration for optimization.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.729-753
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• 2008

Oxy-fuel combustion is a reliable way for the reduction of pollutants, the higher combustion efficiency and the separation of carbon dioxide. The review of recent research trends and the prospects of oxy-fuel combustion were presented. The difference in characteristics among oxy-fuel combustion, conventional air combustion, oxy-fuel combustion with flue gas recirculation (FGR) technique was investigated. Recent experiments of oxy-fuel combustion with/without FGR were surveyed in various ways which are optimized burner design, flame characteristics, the soot emission, the radiation effect, the NOx reduction and the corrosion of combustor. Numerical simulation is more important in oxy-fuel combustion because flame temperature is so high that conventional measurement devices have a restricted application. Equilibrium and non-equilibrium chemical reaction mechanisms for oxy-fuel combustion were investigated. Combustion models suitable for the numerical simulation of non-premixed oxy-fuel flame were surveyed.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.128-133
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• 2011

본 연구는 구획공간화재에서 화재특성과 위치에 따른 공간내부의 열유속 특성을 파악하기 위해 ISO-9705 표준화재실의 40 % 크기로 축소된 공간에서 화재 실험을 수행하였다. 열유속의 측정은 Schimit-Boelter type 열유속계를 이용하였으며 화재실의 내부와 출입구쪽의 중앙바닥면에서 열유속이 각각 측정되었다. 실험에 사용된 연료는 천연가스, 헵탄, 톨루엔, 에탄올, 폴리스틸렌 등이다. 실험결과 화재발열량과 상층부의 온도가 증가함에 따라 화재실 내부 바닥에서의 열유속이 출입구쪽에 비해 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 또한 그을음의 생성이 많은 연료일수록 화재실 바닥면에서 열유속의 공간적인 편차가 상대적으로 크게 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 공간내 하층부에서의 열유속 분포는 화재가 성장함에 따라 화염 및 상층부에서 방출되는 복사열과 밀접한 관계가 있고 이는 상층부의 온도뿐만 아니라 연소가스의 조성이나 그을음 농도(soot concentration), 환기조건 등과 같은 화재특성에 크게 영향을 받는다는 사실을 파악하였다.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2003년도 International Symposium on Clean Environment
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• pp.51-54
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• 2003

We analyzed radiative properties of aerosols, $CO^{2}$ and clouds using Optical Properties of Aerosols and Clouds(OPAC) and the Column Radiation Model (CRM). From OPAC, if the soot component is disregarded, dust-like components depict the highest extinction values in the solar spectral range and the lowest. single scattering albedoes, which are attributable to the presence of large particles. In the dust aerosol, the high absorptivity in the infrared may induce a warming of the lower atmospheric layer in the nighttime. The radiative properties of aerosols, clouds and double $CO^{2}$ using the CRM model at Seoul (37N, 127.4 E) on 3 April 2003 were calculated. The solar zenith angle is 65˚ and the surface albedo is 0.1836 during the clear day. The aerosol optical depth change 0.14 to 1.7, which is derived during Asian dust days in Korea. At this time, abedo by aerosols is considered as 0.3. In cloudy condition, the short wave cloud forcing on both the TOA and the surface is -193.89 $Wm^{-2}$ and -195.03 $Wm^{-2}$, respectively, and the long wave cloud forcing is 19.58 $Wm^{-2}$ and 62.08 $Wm^{-2}$, respectively. As a result, the net radiative cloud forcing is -174.31 $Wm^{-2}$ and -132.95 $Wm^{-2}$, respectively. We calculate also radiative heating rates by double $CO^{2}$ during the clear day. The $CO^{2}$ volumn mixing ratio is 3.55E-4.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.309-319
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• 2011

질소 희석된 프로판 부상화염에서 열손실에 의한 자기진동을 기초로 화염안정화선도를 도출하기 위하여 노즐직경 0.3 mm, 1.0 mm에서 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 예혼합화염에서 확산화염으로의 전도 열손실에 의한 자기진동 및 매연 복사에 의한 자기진동을 관찰하였다. 0.1 Hz보다 낮은 주파수 성향을 띄는 열손실에 의한 자기진동은 제안된 메커니즘에 의해 잘 묘사되었고 반면 매연복사에 의한 자기진동은 O(0.1 Hz)의 주파수 범위를 나타내었으며 제안된 메커니즘은 항온항습실 실험을 통해 입증하였다. 질소 희석된 프로판 부상화염에서 관찰된 열손실에 의한 자기진동의 특성화는 관련된 변수 및 스트라훌 수에 의해 잘 묘사되었다.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.311-330
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• 2014

Environmental impact of aircraft emissions can be addressed in two ways. Air quality impact occurs during landings and takeoffs while in-flight impact during climbs and cruises influences climate change, ozone and UV-radiation. The aim of this paper is to investigate airports related local emissions and fuel consumption (FC). It gives flight path optimization model linked to a dispersion model as well as numerical methods. Operational factors are considered and the cost function integrates objectives taking into account FC and induced pollutant concentrations. We have compared pollutants emitted and their reduction during LTO cycles, optimized flight path and with analysis by Dopelheuer. Pollutants appearing from incomplete and complete combustion processes have been discussed. Because of calculation difficulties, no assessment has been made for the soot, $H_2O$ and $PM_{2.5}$. In addition, because of the low reliability of models quantifying pollutant emissions of the APU, an empirical evaluation has been done. This is based on Benson's fuel flow method. A new model, giving FC and predicting the in-flight emissions, has been developed. It fits with the Boeing FC model. We confirm that FC can be reduced by 3% for takeoffs and 27% for landings. This contributes to analyze the intelligent fuel gauge computing the in-flight fuel flow. Further research is needed to define the role of $NO_x$ which is emitted during the combustion process derived from the ambient air, not the fuel. Models are needed for analyzing the effects of fleet composition and engine combinations on emission factors and fuel flow assessment.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.729-738
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• 2010

질소로 희석된 부탄 층류 부상 화염에서 발생할 수 있는 화염진동 메커니즘을 살펴보기 위하여 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 화염 진동은 층류 자유제트 부상 화염에서 5가지 영역으로 구분되었다: 화염 안정화 영역 (I), 열손실에 의한 진동 (II), 열손실에 의한 진동과 부력에 의한 진동이 혼재된 영역 (III),열손실에 의한 진동과 화염날림 직전의 진동이 혼재된 영역 (IV), 그리고 열손실에 의한 진동, 부력에 의한 진동 및 화염날림 직전의 진동이 모두 혼재된 영역(V). 각각의 화염진동의 특성을 규명하기 위해 화염의 시간에 따른 부상 높이 변화에 대한 FFT분석을 수행하였고 각 영역에 관련된 무차원 변수와 스트라훌 수의 조합으로 특성화 작업을 수행하였다.