• Mycobiology
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.70-74
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• 2020

Sinowilsonia henryi is a rare and endangered plant, as well as an endemic species in China. In July 2018, leaf spot and blight disease was observed on S. henryi in Yichang, Hubei, China. A fungus isolated from disease tissues was identified as Gonatobotryum apiculatum based on morphology and sequence analyses of ITS and LSU regions. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the species belongs to Dothioraceae (Dothideales). Morphologically, the species produced two distinct types of conidia from authentic media, both conidia were described here. Pathogenicity tests showed that the fungus is a pathogen causing leaf spots on S. henryi. This is the first report of leaf spot and blight disease on S. henryi caused by G. apiculatum in China.

• Plant Resources
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.124-140
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• 2002

The effects of drying agents and ethyl alcohol treatment on the flower color of Gentiana uchiyamai. The flower color was not much changed in flower sheet, in the case of absorbtion papers only. The color was least changed in Korean and China hwasunjis, in the case of absorbtion papers and silica gel treatment. The color was less changed in flower sheets, window papers, and China hwasunjis, and was most changed in newspapers, in the case of absorbtion papers and Na$_2$SO$_4$ treatment. The color was least changed in China hwasunjis, and most changed in dampened papers, in the case of absorbtion papers and CaO treatment. The color tended to change far from the original one, as treatment time got longer, in the case of 0.01M and 0.lM of tartaric acid. The longer the treatment time and the bigger the concentration of ethyl alcohol, the bigger flower color.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.213-220
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• 2016

The "China Zun" tower in Beijing will rise to 528 meters in height and will be the tallest building in Beijing once built. Inspired by an ancient Chinese vessel, the "Zun", the plan dimensions reduce gradually from the bottom of the tower to the waist and then expand again as it rises to form an aesthetically beautiful and unique geometry. To satisfy the structural requirement for seismic and wind resistance, the structure is a dual system composed of a perimeter mega structure made of composite mega columns, mega braces, and belt trusses, and a reinforced-concrete core with steel plate-embedded walls. Advanced parametric design technology is applied to find the most efficient outer-perimeter structure system. The seismic design basically follows a mixed empirical and performance-based methodology that was verified by a shaking table test and other specimen lab tests. The tower is now half-way through its construction.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.425-428
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• 1998

The present paper deals with two species of spiders of the genus Trachelas Koch, 1866 from China. Trachelas gui n. sp. is described with illustrations. Trachelas acuminus(Zhu et An, 1988) is transferred to the genus Trachelas.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.29-50
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• 2020

Although companies perform societal marketing activities across different cultural regions, previous research was predominantly centered on a specific cultural region-the West. To address this limitation in the literature, the current research examines societal marketing in the Chinese market considering cultural characteristics. China has become the largest market in the world with great potential growth for its vast consumer base. Since there is heterogeneity among regions in China, it is imperative to divide China into several markets for better understanding. Thus, this study investigates different responses of Chinese regional (coastal vs. inland) consumers toward Cause-related Marketing (CM). Our findings reveal that Chinese consumers, in general, prefer utilitarian CM products compared to hedonic CM products, which is the opposite result of findings of the previous research. Further, this was truer for consumers in inland regions, while coastal consumers did not display any preference by product type. The academic and practical implications, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.55-63
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• 2018

Although there has been a great change in the Chinese logistics industry, there have been few studies on the research trends of logistics in China. Existing research has been conducted on subdivision topics such as transportation efficiency, warehouse location and port efficiency. In this study, the research trends of logistics in China from 2000 to 2017 were analyzed using SNA method. The data were collected from foreign journals and a total of 82 related papers were used for analysis. The first period (2000-2008) was derived from the top keywords such as "Globalization", "Hong Kong", "FDI" and "outsousing". The results of the second period (2009-2013) were derived from keywords such as "international trade" and "reverse logistics", and in the third period (2013-2017) "3PL", "warehousing", "railways" "supply chain", "economic", "port" and "Belt and Road" The analysis of China's logistics using SNA method shows that the research trend of China's logistics is evolving as China is changing rapidly under the globalization context.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.47-58
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• 2014

Objective : In Oriental medicine, the concept of Preventive Treatment Disease(治未病, PTD) is intended to actively deal with changes in modern disease patterns due to increase in chronic diseases. In China, preventive health service program based on PTD Theory are being carried out aimed at improving and/or preventing people's health. Method : For the introduction of PTD program based preventive service in Korea for the promotion of people's health, I would like to consider its possibility by reviewing the PTD program being conducted in China. Results : China's preventive health service programs based on PTD Theory started in 2008 for the purpose of promoting people's health and reducing medical expenses by providing medical services tailored to individuals. Regarding the effects of PTD program based preventive health service, improvement of discomforting symptoms comprised 73.04% of responses. As to service items, health guidance, Traditional Chinese Medicinal diagnosis, and preparation of health records were answered as being important. The importance of food and internal medicines for preventing and/or curing PTD Theory are also recognized. Also, as to satisfaction level, 90.64% responded as being satisfied in the order of the level of service providers, their attitudes, service processes, items, costs, and environments. Conclusion : As shown above, according to assessments on China's PTD programs, the PTD Theory is being applied to actual public health programs with highly effective results. Hence, it can be seen that such attempt could also be implemented in Korea as part of a scheme for promoting health by means of Korean medicine health promotion programs. However, further researches into concrete implementation schemes will have to be developed in the future as medical systems are different in Korea from in China.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.505-515
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• 2017

As animation industry continues to evolve in China, the demand for excellent manpower is on the increase. However, there is a difficulty in cultivating practical talents because many colleges and universities in China do not have the systematized animation education. This study compares the curriculum for animation major in Korea and China in order to find out the major problems and the improvement plans of animation education in China. It was shown that the curriculum in China mainly consisted of the subjects to learn technical skills and lacked the subjects to enhance students' creativity. Especially, universities in China did not offer the practice environment in which students apply and utilize what they learned. As a result, students had less opportunity to experience creative process of making animation. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to make the balanced basic curriculum, link the practice courses with the creativity courses, develop the specialized learning methods and provide the training opportunities through industry-university cooperation. The results of this study suggest that good quality animation education is an important element for universities and animation industry to continue to prosper together.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.37 no.12
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• pp.857-864
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• 2014

Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) is a recently discovered oncogene that has been reported to be highly expressed in various types of malignant tumors, including renal cell carcinoma. However, the precise role of AEG-1 in renal cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis has not been clarified. In this study, we transfected the renal cancer cell line Caki-1 with a plasmid expressing AEG-1 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and obtained cell colonies with stable knockdown of AEG-1. We found that AEG-1 down-regulation inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation and arrested cell cycle progression at the sub-G1 and G0/G1 phase. Western blot analysis indicated that the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin D1 and cyclin E were significantly reduced following AEG-1 down-regulation. In addition, AEG-1 knockdown led to the appearance of apoptotic bodies in renal cancer cells, and the ratio of apoptotic cells significantly increased. Expression of the antiapoptotic factor Bcl-2 was dramatically reduced, whereas the pro-apoptotic factors Bax, caspase-3 and poly (ADPribose) polymerase (PARP) were significantly activated. Finally, AEG-1 knockdown in Caki-1 cells remarkably suppressed cell proliferation and enhanced cell apoptosis in response to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment, suggesting that AEG-1 inhibition sensitizes Caki-1 cells to 5-FU. Taken together, our data suggest that AEG-1 plays an important role in renal cancer formation and development and may be a potential target for future gene therapy for renal cell carcinoma.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.3131-3149
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• 2016

In-band Full-duplex (IBFD) wireless communication allows improved throughput for wireless networks. The current Half-duplex (HD) medium access mechanism Request to Send/Clear to Send (RTS/CTS) has been directly applied to IBFD wireless networks. However, this is only able to support a symmetric dual link, and does not provide the full advantages of IBFD. To increase network throughput in a superior way to the HD mechanism, a novel three-way handshaking access mechanism RTS/SRTS (Second Request to Send)/CTS is proposed for point to multipoint (PMP) IBFD wireless networks, which can support both symmetric dual link and asymmetric dual link communication. In this approach, IBFD wireless communication only requires one channel access for two-way simultaneous packet transmissions. We first describe the RTS/SRTS/CTS mechanism and the symmetric/asymmetric dual link transmission procedure and then provide a theoretical analysis of network throughput and delay using a Markov model. Using simulations, we demonstrate that the RTS/SRTS/CTS access mechanism shows improved performance relative to that of the RTS/CTS HD access mechanism.