• Title/Summary/Keyword: Somatosensory disorders

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Effect of Visual and Somatosensory Information Inputs on Postural Sway in Patients With Stroke Using Tri-Axial Accelerometer Measurement

  • Chung, Jae-yeop
    • Physical Therapy Korea
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.87-93
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    • 2016
  • Background: Posture balance control is the ability to maintain the body's center of gravity in the minimal postural sway state on a supportive surface. This ability is obtained through a complicated process of sensing the movements of the human body through sensory organs and then integrating the information into the central nervous system and reacting to the musculoskeletal system and the support action of the musculoskeletal system. Motor function, including coordination, motor, and vision, vestibular sense, and sensory function, including proprioception, should act in an integrated way. However, more than half of stroke patients have motor, sensory, cognitive, and emotional disorders for a long time. Motor and sensory disorders cause the greatest difficulty in postural control among stroke patients. Objects: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of visual and somatosensory information on postural sway in stroke patients and carrying out a kinematic analysis using a tri-axial accelerometer and a quantitative assessment. Methods: Thirty-four subjects posed four stance condition was accepted various sensory information for counterbalance. This experiment referred to the computerized dynamic posturography assessments and was redesigned four condition blocking visual and somatosensory information. To measure the postural sway of the subjects' trunk, a wireless tri-axial accelerometer was used by signal vector magnitude value. Ony-way measure analysis of variance was performed among four condition. Results: There were significant differences when somatosensory information input blocked (p<.05). Conclusion: The sensory significantly affecting the balance ability of stroke patients is somatosensory, and the amount of actual movement of the trunk could be objectively compared and analyzed through quantitative figures using a tri-axial accelerometer for balance ability.

Effect of Somatosensory Stimulation on Upper Limb in Sensory, Hand Function, Postural Control and ADLs within Sensorimotor Deficits after Stroke (뇌졸중 환자의 상지 체감각 자극을 통한 감각, 손 기능, 자세조절 및 일상생활수행력의 변화)

  • Song, Bo-Kyung
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.291-299
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    • 2012
  • Purpose: This study examined the improved sensory, hand function, postural balance and activities of daily living (ADL) through somatosensory stimulation, such as the facilitation of functional reaching and tactile, proprioceptive stimulus of the upper limb (UL) and hand. Methods: Seventeen stroke patients having problems with motor and somatosensory deficits were selected in Bobath Memorial Hospital adult rehabilitation center. The patients were divided into two groups; the sensorimotor deficit group (SMDG) and motor deficit group (MDG). Somatosensory stimulation on the UL, physical therapy and occupational therapy were carried out three times a week over a six week these treatments were performed in both group period. To compare each group, the following assessment tools were used: such as tactile detection thresholds (TDT), two point discrimination on the affected side (TPDas), unaffected side (TPDus) stereognosis (ST) manual function test, hand function on the affected side (HFas) and unaffected side (HFus), Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke (PASS) and Korean version Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI). Results: In the SMDG, somatosensory stimulation on the UL was statistically important for TDT, TPDas, TPDus (except for the thener), ST, hand function on HFas, on HFus, PASS length of displacement with foam (LDFSEO), and K-MBI. In the MDG, somatosensory stimulation on the UL was important for TDT, TPDas, TPDus (except index finger) length of displacement with the eyes open, LDFSEO, HFas, HFus, PASS and K-MBI. In addition, there was a significant difference in the PASS between SMDG and MDG. Conclusion: Somatosensory stimulation on the UL affects the sensory, hand function, postural control and ADLs performance.

Association of Sexual Disorders with Peripheral Neuropathy in Alcohol Dependence (주정의존에서 성기능장애와 말초신경염의 연관성)

  • Cheon, Jin-Sook;Han, Ho-Sung;Kim, Kee-Chan;Jung, Ho-Joong
    • Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.108-115
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    • 1997
  • The alcoholic neuropathies developed in approximately 34% of chronic alcoholics and the sexual dysfunction had been experienced in 8-54% of male alcoholics(Schiavi 1990). The aims of this study were to identify the prevalence of subclinical polyneuropathies and sexual disorders in alcohol dependence, and to evaluate the association between them. The nerve conduction velocity(NCV), electromyography(EMG), and pudendal somatosensory evoked potentials(SEPs) were tested for the male alcoholics(N=34) and controls(N=17 for NCV & EMG, N=25 for pudendal SEPs). The pudendal SEPs were measured by the following procedures, in which we stimulated the dorsal nerve of penis attached by the ring electrode(stimulus intensity, three times of threshold : stimulus rate, 1-4.7Hz : stimulus duration, 0.1 or 0.2msec), and recorded at the scalp(active electrode, 2cm behind Cz : reference electrode, Fz). The NCV and EMG detected signs of peripheral neuropathies in 79.4% of alcoholics. Among the alcoholics, 64.7% were abnormal on the pudendal SEPs. Among the alcoholics who revealed abnormality on EMG and NCV, 81.4% were abnormal on the pudendal SEPs, in which 51.9% were not responded. The P1 latencies of pudendal SEPs on neuropathic alcoholics were significantly delayed(p<0.05) than non-neuropathic alcoholics. There was a relative correlation between peripheral neuropathies and sexual disorders in the alcoholics. The prevalence of subclinical neuropathies and sexual disorders seemed to be much higher in alcohol dependence than expectation, and these two problems were relatively correlated, and our results suggested that the peripheral polyneuropathies were one of the prerequisites of sexual disorders.

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Effects of Head Acupuncture Versus Upper and Lower Limbs Acupuncture on Signal Activation of Blood Oxygen Level Dependent(BOLD) fMRI on the Brain and Somatosensory Cortex (두침과 상하지 침자극이 뇌와 뇌의 체성감각피질에 미치는 영향에 대한 fMRI Study)

  • Park, Jung-Mi;Gwak, Ja-Young;Cho, Seung-Yeon;Park, Seong-Uk;Jung, Woo-Sang;Moon, Sang-Kwan;Ko, Chang-Nam;Cho, Ki-Ho;Kim, Young-Suk;Bae, Hyung-Sup;Jang, Geon-Ho;Bang, Jae-Seung
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.151-165
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    • 2008
  • Objectives : To evaluate the effects of Head Acupuncture versus Upper and Lower Limbs Acupuncture on signal activation of Blood Oxygen Level Dependent(BOLD) fMRI on the Brain and Somatosensory Cortex. Subjects and Methods : 10 healthy normal right-handed female volunteer were recruited. The average age of the 10 subjects was 30 years old. The BOLD functional MRI(fMRI) signal characteristics were determined during tactile stimulation was conducted by rubbing 4 acu-points in the right upper and lower limbs($LI_1$, $LI_{10}$, $LV_3$, $ST_{36}$). After stimulation of Head Acupuncture in Sishencong($HN_1$), $GB_{18}$, $GB_9$, $TH_{20}$ of Left versus Upper and Lower Limbs Acupuncture($LI_1$, $LI_{10}$, $LV_3$, $ST_{36}$ of Right) and took off needles. Then the BOLD fMRI signal characteristics were determined at the same manner. Results : 1. When touched with cotton buds(sensory stimulation), left Parietal Lobe, Post-central Gyrus, primary somatosensory cortex(BA 1, 2, 3), and primary motor cortex(BA 4) were mainly activated. When $ST_{36}$ was stimulated, Frontal Lobe, Parietal Lobe, Cerebellum, and Posterior Lobe as well as Inter-Hemispheric displaying a variety of regions. 2. In signal activation before and after Head Acupuncture reaction, it showed signal activation after removing the acupuncture needle and right Somatosensory Association Cortex, Postcentral Gyrus, and Parietal Lobe were more activated. 3. In reactions of before and after Upper and Lower Limb Acupuncture, it also showed signal activation after removing the acupuncture needle and bilateral Occipital Lobe, Lingual Gyrus, visual association cortex, and Cerebellum were activated. 4. After acupuncture stimulation, In Upper and Lower Limb Acupuncture Group, left frontal Lobe, Precentral Gyrus and Bilateral parietal lobe, Postcentral Gyrus and Primary Somatosensory Cortex(BA 2) were activated. In Head Acupuncture Group, which has most similar activation regions, but especially right Pre-Post central Gyrus, Primary Somatosensory Cortex(BA 3), Primary Motor Cortex, frontal Lobe and Parietal Lobe were activated. Conclusions : When sensory stimulation was done with cotton buds on four acup-points($LI_1$, $LI_{10}4, $LV_3$, $ST_{36}$), while bilaterally activated, contralateral sense was more dominant. It showed consistency with cerebral cortex function. When $ST_{36}$ was stimulated Frontal Lobe, Parietal Lobe, Cerebellum, Posterior Lobe as well as Inter-Hemispheric were stimulated. In Head Acupuncture, it showed more contralateral activation after acupuncture. In Upper and Lower Limb Acupuncture, it showed typically contralateral activation and deactivation of limbic system after acupuncture stimulation. Therefore, there were different fMRI BOLD signal activation reaction before and after Head Acupuncture vs Upper and Lower Limb Acupuncture which might be thought to be caused by acu-points' sensitivity and different sensory receptor to response acupuncture stimulation.

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Comparison of the Static Balance Ability according to the Subjective Visual Vertical in Healthy Adults

  • Kwon, Jung Won;Yeo, Sang Seok
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.152-156
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    • 2020
  • Purpose: The subjective visual vertical (SVV) test is used to evaluate the otolith function in the inner ear. This study compared the different balance ability according to the results of the SVV in healthy adults. Methods: This study recruited 30 normal healthy subjects who did not have neurological and musculoskeletal disorders. The subjects were divided into experimental and control groups based on the results of SVV: experimental group, >2°; control group, <2°. The static balance ability was evaluated using the Fourier Index, which could evaluate the balance capacity objectively and quantitatively. Results: The mean angle of the SVV in the experimental and control groups was 4.44° and 0.59°, respectively. In the result of the Fourier series, the F1 frequency band in the experimental group showed a significantly higher value under one condition compared to the control group (p<0.05). In the F2-4 and F5-6 frequency bands, the experimental group showed a significant increase in the Fourier series value under the four conditions compared to the control group (p<0.05). In the F7-8 frequency band, significantly higher values of the Fourier series were observed in the experimental group under the three different conditions (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results showed increased trunk sway while maintaining static balance in the experimental group who showed a larger SVV angle compared to the control group. The SVV can be applied to evaluate the vestibular system and balance ability in normal adults.

Clinical Features of the Persistent Idiopathic Dentoalveolar Pain Compared with Inflammatory Dental Pain

  • Jang, Ji Hee;Chung, Jin Woo
    • Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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    • v.47 no.2
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    • pp.87-94
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the differences between clinical and quantitative sensory testing (QST) results among persistent idiopathic dentoalveolar pain (PIDP), inflammatory dental pain, and control group subjects to identify discriminative clinical features for differential diagnosis. Methods: Thirty-three patients (5 PIDP-a without surgical procedures 10 PIDP-b with surgical procedures, 8 dental pain patients, and 10 controls) were evaluated for clinical features and QST results. Cold pain threshold, heat pain threshold, mechanical pain threshold (MPT), mechanical pain sensitivity, and pressure pain threshold (PPT) were performed. Psychological factors were assessed using Symptom Checklist-90-Revision (SCL-90-R) and a chart review was conducted to evaluate additional discriminative clinical features such as pain quality and treatment prognosis. Results: The dental pain group had lower PPT than the PIDP-b and the control group. The PIDP-a group showed higher MPT and PPT than the PIDP-b and dental pain group but the difference was not statistically significant. Differences in SCL-90-R SOM (Somatization), O-C (obsessive-compulsive), ANX (anxiety), and PSY (Psychoticism) values were statistically significant among groups. PIDP-a and PIDP-b groups showed remaining symptoms after treatment and the pain tended to spread widely, whereas, in toothache patients, symptoms disappeared after treatment. However, factors that confound the diagnosis, such as an increase in pain during chewing and a decrease in the pain threshold at the affected site, could also be identified. Conclusions: PIDP and dental pain groups have distinct clinical symptoms, but there are also factors that cause confusing in diagnosis. Therefore, various clinical examination results should be carefully reviewed and comprehensively evaluated in the differential diagnosis process.

Anger-Related Characteristics and Childhood Adversity in Somatic Symptom Disorder (신체증상장애와 관련된 분노정서특질과 아동기 역경 경험)

  • Kang, Sung-Hyuk;Park, Chun Il;Kim, Hae Won;Kim, Se Joo;Kang, Jee In
    • Anxiety and mood
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.49-56
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    • 2020
  • Objective : The present study aims to investigate differences in anger-related features in patients with somatic symptom disorder (SSD) compared to healthy controls, and to examine whether anger trait and anger regulation strategy are associated with clinical characteristics in patients with SSD. In addition, we examined the relationship between childhood adversity and SSD. Methods : 26 patients with SSD and 28 healthy controls were included. Anger-related features were assessed with State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI). Clinical somatic symptoms were assessed using the somatization subscale of the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised and the Somatosensory Amplification Scale. Childhood adversity was assessed by the Childhood Traumatic Events Scale. Multivariate analysis of covariance was performed. Results : Disease status of SSD had a significant overall effect on anger-related features (Wilks λ=0.725, F(5, 44)=3.332, p=0.012). Patients with SSD showed a significantly high Trait-Anger (p=0.017) and they had a high score in both Anger-Out (p=0.013) and Anger-In (p=0.001) of anger expression styles. In particular, a directed inward style of anger expression was significantly associated with somatization symptom severity (p=0.003). Regarding childhood adversity, more childhood extreme illness was experienced by the SSD group than the control group (p=0.012). Within the SSD group, childhood extreme illness was associated with higher Trait-Anger (p=0.027) and Anger-Out (p=0.001). Conclusion : The present findings suggest that trait anger, anger expression styles, and childhood adversity of extreme illness may be involved in SSD. Further studies are needed to explore the role of anger-related features and its relationship with childhood adversity in the pathophysiology of SSD.

The Effect of Balance Training using Force Platform on Postural Control and Central Somatosensory Pathway in Adults with C. N. S. Disorders (Force Platform을 이용한 평형성 훈련이 중추신경계 손상자의 자세조절 및 중추 감각신경전도로에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim Yoo-Sub;Kang Hyo-Young;Kim Tae-Yoon
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.71-79
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    • 1999
  • 본 연구의 목적은 균형 훈련이 중추신경계 손상자들의 자세 조절 및 중추감각신경전도로에 미치는 영향을 규명하는데 있다. 연구대상자는 중추신경계 손상자로써 실험군 10명, 통제군 10명 등 총 20명을 선정하였으며, 실험군은 본 연구의 훈련 프로그램에 따라 12주간 force platform을 이용하여 균형훈련을 실시토록하였다. 자세조절 변인의 측정은 운동처치 전, 처치 후 8주 및 12주 후에 대상자들의 동적 및 정적 자세에서의 흔들림을 Dynamic Balance System을 이용하여 측정하였고, 체성감각 유발전위의 말초신경 근위부 유발전위$(N_9)$ 잠복기, 척수 유발전위$(N_{13})$ 잠복기, 뇌 유발전위 $(N_{20})$ 잠복기는 Neurotec을 이용하여 측정 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 정적 자세 조절 요인의 경우, 좌우 흔들림과 전후 흔들림은 실험군에서 8주 후부터 유의하게 (p<.05) 감소하였고, 실험군이 통제군에 비해 운동처치 8주 및 12주 후에 각각 유의하게(P<.05, P<.01) 흔들림이 감소하였다. 2. 전후 이동면과 전후 기울기면에서 동적 자세 조절의 변화는 전후 이동면에서 좌우 흔들림과 전후 흔들림은 실험군에서 8주 후부터 유의하게 (P<.05) 감소하였으며, 실험군이 통제군에 비해 운동처치 8주 및 12주 후에 각각 유의하게 (P<.05, p<.01) 흔들림이 감소하였다. 3. 체성감각 유발전위의 잠복기 변화는 실험군과 통제군에 있어서 말초신경 근위부 유발전위$(N_9)$ 잠복기와 척수 유발전위$(N_{13})$ 잠복기가 다소 증가하였으나 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았으며, 실험군에 있어서 뇌 유발전위 $(N_{20})$ 잠복기는 8주 후부터 유의하게 (P<.05) 증가하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 12주의 균형 훈련은 자세 조절에 있어서 전후와 좌우의 흔들림을 감소시킴으로써 정적인 상태나 동적인 상태에서의 자세 안정성을 증가시킬 수 있음을 시사하고 있다. 이는 자세 조절에 필요한 항중력근의 긴장성 수축을 유발시킬 뿐만 아니라 근육 긴장분포를 조절할 수 있다는 것으로 신경근 조절 기능의 향상을 의미하는 것으로 사료된다. 또한 뇌 유발전위 $(N_{20})$ 잠복기의 증가는 중추신경계의 감각기능의 신경학적 회복을 의미하는 것으로 중추신경계의 감각 운동통합에도 영향을 미쳐 운동기능의 향상을 기대할 수 이을 것으로 사료된다.

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