• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.127-131
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• 1993

혐기성소화조(嫌氣性消化槽), 간이살수여상(簡易撒水濾床), 저류조(貯溜槽)로 구성(構成)된 폐수처리시설(廢水處理施設)을 개발(開發)하여 소규모(小規模) 양돈농가(養豚農家)(사육두수(飼育頭數):200두(頭))에서 1년간(年間)에 걸쳐 시험운전(試驗運轉)했던 바 그 결과(結果)는 다음과 같았다. 1. 양돈(養豚) 폐기물(廢棄物) 발생량(發生量)은 고형폐기물(固形廢棄物)이 2.8kg/두(頭)/일(日), 폐수(廢水)는 $7.4{\ell}$/두(頭)/일(日)이었다. 2. 돼지 BOD발생량(發生量)은 207g/두(頭)/일(日)이였으며 이중 81%는 돈분(豚糞)과 사료(飼料)찌꺼기 및 깔짚 등(等)이 혼합(混合)된 고형폐기물(固形廢棄物)에서, 나머지 19%는 요(尿)와 축사세척수등(畜舍洗滌水等)이 혼합(混合)된 양돈폐수(養豚廢水)에서 유래(由來)되었다. 3. 혐기성소화조(嫌氣性消化槽), 간이살수여상(簡易撒水濾床) 및 저류조시설(貯溜槽施設)을 통한 양돈폐수(養豚廢水)의 처리(處理)로는 BOD 99%, T-N 78%, T-P 74%를 각각(各各) 감소(減少)시킬 수 있었으며 최종(最終) 배출수(排出水)의 수질(水質)은 BOD가 $52mg/{\ell}$, T-N, $213mg/{\ell}$ 및 T-P는 $28mg/{\ell}$이였다. 4. 이상(以上)의 결과(結果)로 보아 본(本) 폐수처리시설(廢水處理施設)은 폐수중(廢水中) BOD 농도(濃度)를 낮추는 측면(側面)에서 실용화(實用化)가 가능(可能)한 것으로 사료(思料)된다.

• 공업화학
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.201-206
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• 1992

Annual amount of plastics waste including rubber and leather waste, generated in 1990 was about 2,600,000 tons. Amount of generation of plastics waste has rapidly increased, but fractions of recycling and incineration have gradually decreased. Recently, two-stage incinerator, consisting of gasifier and gas combustor, draws much attention in Korea. Plastics are gasified in the starved air condition in the gasifier and produced gas is fired in the combustor. Combustion of produced gas is much easier than that of solid plastics, and produces a little pollutants. Standardzation of technology and process automation are still needed, but this incineration technology is in the commercial stage. Next topic concerned with this two-stage incineration will be how to treat complex plastics waste including toxic substances generated from automobiles and household appliances. Pyrolysis, realized by indirect heating in inert atmosphere, can provide high-quality products with minimum emissions. Many plastics are easily decomposed into oil in pyrolysis conditions, which can be utilized as chemical feedstocks, or gasoline or kerosene depending on feed materials and operating conditions. This has been demonstrated in several pilot-scale tests performed in Japan, Germany, etc. Easy removal of HCl from PVC is one of the most decisive merits of pyrolysis process. But in general, further efforts should be made for the process to obtain marketability. The future of pyrolysis process depends on public concern about environmental problems and oil prices.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.526-531
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• 2009

This paper suggests the dehydration and RDF(Refuse Derived Fuel) production of organic sludge, livestock manure and sewerage sludge causing environmental problems, with hydrothermal pre-treatment process. The renewable technology from the organic wastes must involve short treatment time required, reusable energy source, anti-odor and viruses, low cost for the treatment, and well-fertilization. The hydrothermal pre-treatment process promotes to evaporate moisture in the sludge after being shortly treated in a reactor, which is supplied steam and heat by an external boiler, due to the pressure with steam breaks the cell walls of the sludge, so this process removes the internal moisture of the cell. Then, the treated sludge(solid-state) is mixed with waste vinyls called RDF(6,706kcal/kg).

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2001

This study aims to make a fundamental data for a policy-making decision in treatment and disposal of municipal solid wastes and presents a research data on the discharge properties of municipal solid wastes and making a unit of them in the Taegu metropolitan city. The results can be summarized as follows; survey the discharge properties of municipal solid wastes, calorific values and to present a research-data in supplying incineration-heat of wastes with the area of Sung-seo in Taegu. So, using fundamental data for planning and running wastes-incineration plants as well as trying to make better Urban Environmental Infra-structure. The results are obtained from the study. 1) The proportion of combustible wastes in Taegu increased from 89.6% to 94.47% during 1993~2000. However, the proportion of incombustibles decreased from 10.4% to 5.53% during 1993~2000. 2) The value of representative properties is about 1500~2000kcal/kg. So we can expect that it should be made use of energy-resources positively. 3) The heat from Sung-seo wastes-incineration plants is used to produce electronic-energy for wastes-incineration plants in summer season. The heat from Sung-sea wastes-incineration plants is in charge of 27% which of supplying the area of Sung-seo with district heating energy in winter season.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.28-35
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• 1997

조개껍질(굴, 고막)을 수처리재로 활용하기 위한 기초 실험으로 중금속(Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn)과 유기성분(TCE(Trichlo-roethylene)와 PCE(Tetrachroethylene))의 흡착능을 조사했다. 수산화칼슘으로 이루어진 굴과 고막껍질의 소성 분말 주입에 따른 중금속 제거효율은 Mn, Zn, Fe, Cd, Cu, Pb의 순이었다. 우수한 중금속 흡착능은 조개껍질의 $Ca(OH)_2$ 성분에 의한 높은 pH유지에 따른 중금속 탄산염과 수산화물의 형성에 의한 침전작용, 조개껍질의 칼슘 매트릭스 구조에 의한 중금속의 고정화와 잔존하는 불용성 유기물의 결합 등의 작용이라고 본다. 이와 같은 굴껍질은 침출수의 중화작용과 동시에 우수한 중금속 흡착능을 가지고 있어, 이것을 수처리로 활용될 경우, 저렴한 재료의 확보와 더욱이 부가가치가 높은 폐부산자원을 활용한 정화용 세라믹스 담체의 개발로 폐부산자원 폐기처리 문제 이외의 환경정화용 세라믹스 및 담체 등의 환경분야 사업으로 확장 발전시킬 수 있다고 본다.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2004년도 학술논문집
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• pp.158-166
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• 2004

원자력 발전소에서 발생하는 방사성 폐기물인 이온교환수지, 제올라이트, 활성탄 및 슬러지에 포함된 핵종 분석을 위한 최적의 산분해 조건을 확립하였다. 방사성 폐기물의 분해에는 혼합산을 이용한 밀폐형 극초단파 산분해법을 사용하였으며, 제안한 방법에 따른 산분해 후의 용액은 맑고 색이 없는 투명한 상태임을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 산분해 과정을 거친 각각의 용액 시료는 ICP-AES와 AAS를 사용하여 분석하였고, 모의 방사성 폐기물에 첨가한 5종의 금속 원소들은 94% 이상의 높은 회수율을 보여주었다. 화학적 특성을 고려하여 제안된 산분해 조건은 핵종 분석을 위한 효과적인 전처리 방법으로써, 향후 원전의 유형별 방사성 폐기물에 대해 보편적으로 적용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2005

In order to recycle the waste material and to develop the thickening unit of waste activated sludge from wastewater treatment facilities, the filtration bio-reactor equipped with a shadow mask filter module was employed for this work from which the operating properties and parameters were drawn. The sludge thickening and filtration unit is made of cylindrical acryl tank(12cm i.d. ${\times}$ 58cm height: working volume of 6L), where the flat-sheet type of shadow mask filter module(pore size: 220~250um, opening area: 34.8~39.6%) was installed and the effluent was withdrawn from the effluent port at the lowest point of the reactor, and the filtration was performed only by the hydraulic pressure. For evaluating the operating performance of this reactor, some parameters such as the solid-liquid separation of different biomass concentrations, the water quality of filtrate, the aeration cleaning time and the cleaning effect were investigated. Depending on the MLSS concentrations, the different time to withdraw 3L of filtrate was required in which the longer filtration time was necessary for the higher MLSS concentrations caused by the thicker formation of cake layer: 40 minutes for 5,000 mg/L, 70 minutes for 10,000 mg/L and 100 minutes for 15,000 mg/L, where the concentrations of SS were 8.9, 6.7 and 6.5 mg/L, respectively. Under the same operating conditions (the intensity of aeration cleaning: 80 L/min, MLSS: 10,000 mg/L), the proper aeration cleaning time was revealed 30 seconds, and the stable formation of cake layer was in the range of 10 to 15 minutes. Therefore, the shadow mask considered as a waste material can be of use as a filter material for the sludge thickening system.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 서로다른 4지역의 도시 생활 쓰레기의 성상 및 물리 화학적 조성을 조사 하였다. 생활 쓰레기 연료화시설 설치 및 자료확보 차원 매립장 관리차원에서 매우 필요한 연구이다. 평균 밀도는 $79{\sim}199.8kg/m^3$ 범위내의 결과를 얻었다. 생활 쓰레기는 8.87%의 음식물류, 38.8%의 종이류, 34.12%의 플라스틱류 및 비닐류, 7.16%의 섬유류, 0.96%의 목재류 1.3%의 고무 및 가죽류 등으로 구성되어 있다. 생활쓰레기의 대부분은 음식물, 종이류, 플라스틱류 등으로 이루어져 있으며 94% 정도가 가연 성분이다. 삼성분 분석에서는 17.38%의 수분 및 69.03%의 가연분 그리고 6.24%의 회분으로 이루어져 있다. 원소분석결과는 탄소 산소 수소 순으로 이루어져 있다. 생활쓰레기의 저위 발열량은 2973.8kcal/kg 이며 고위 발열량은 5209.94 kcal/kg 결과를 얻었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.199-215
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• 1992

Sources of organic waste materials for aerobic and/or anaerobic degradation, or for composting of solid wastes in Germany were estimated. The basic microbiology and the energetics of these processes were compared with special emphasis on anaerobic degradation, for which a general degradation scheme of carbohydrates is presented. Advantages of anaerobic over aerobic treatment processes are pointed out and conditions for maintaining a highly stable anaerobic process as well as producing a sanitized, hygienic product are discussed. Reactor systems suitable for efficient treatment of wastes with a high or low proportion of suspended solids are principally compared and results of laboratory studies on the degradation of several wastes and animal manures summarized. Finally, a piggery slurry treatment factory for an ultimate slurry processing to obtain a dry fertilizer and a harmless, disposable liquid, as it is in operation in Helmond/Holland, is presented and preliminary process data are presented.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.115-119
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• 2010

수용액에서 Neutral red5 (BR 5)의 흡착을 조사하였다. $250^{\circ}C$에서 2시간동안 소각한 제지 슬러지로부터 새로운 고형 흡착제를 제조하였다. 제조된 폐수로부터 RB5 염료를 제거하기 위해 배치 시스템으로 실험을 수행한 결과, 상온 pH 5조건에서 80분동안 최대 374.98 mg/g 의 흡착을 보였다. 높은 회귀계수(regression coefficient $R^2$)와 함께 The Freundlich isotherm이 실험값과 잘 부합하였다.