• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제42권12호
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• pp.777-786
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• 2005

The Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is an electrochemical device to convert chemical energy of a fuel into electricity at temperatures from about 600 to $1000^{\circ}C$. The SOFC offers certain advantages over lower temperature fuel cells, notably its ability to use CO as a fuel rather than being poisoned by it, and high grade exhaust heat for combined heat and power, or combined cycle gas turbine applications. This paper reviews the operating principle, materials for different cell and stack components, cell designs, and applications of SOFCs. Among all designs of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs), the most progress has been achieved with the tubular design. However, the electrical resistance of tubular SOFCs is high, and specific power output $(W/cm^2)$ and volumetric power density $(W/cm^3)$ low. Planar SOFCs, in contrast, are capable of achieving very high power densities.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 제26회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.119-127
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• 2003

In this study we propose an unsteady I-dimensional model of bed combustion with multiple solid phases, which confers a phase on each solid material. This model can be applied to a variety of bed combustion cases of various configurations and ignition methods. It contains fuel combustion, gaseous reaction, heat transfers between each phase, and geometric changes of the solid particles. An iron ore sintering pot is selected for verifying the model validity and simulation results are compared with the limited experimental data set of various coke contents and air supply rates. They predict the experimental results well and show applicabilities to the various system of the fuel bed with various solid materials.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.29-42
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• 2022

정부는 최근 2050년까지 국가 온실가스 순배출량은 "0"으로 하는 2050 탄소중립 정책을 추진하고 있다. 이에, 축산업 부문 2050 탄소중립을 위한 핵심적인 수단으로 가축분뇨 에너지화에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 가축분뇨 고체연료화 기술은 가축분뇨를 건조 또는 탄화시켜 고체연료로 제조하는 기술로서 가축분뇨 고체연료 제조시설 및 발전시설의 경제성 문제로 인하여 보급 확산이 미미한 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 가축분뇨 고체연료 제조 및 이용 촉진을 위하여 가축분뇨 고체연료의 잠재적인 수요처인 가축분뇨 고체연료 발전시설의 경제성을 평가하고자 하였다. 가축분뇨 고체연료 제조원가는 200톤/일 규모의 발효건조 과정에서 97.4 천원/톤으로 가장 낮은 제조원가를 보였다. 가축분뇨 고체연료 발전시설은 신재생에너지공급인증서(REC) 가중치 1.5에서 경제성을 나타냈다. 가축분뇨 고체연료화는 온실가스 저감, 수계 비점오염원 저감 등 다양한 환경적 편익을 지니고 있다. 따라서 가축분뇨 고체연료 생산시설을 확산 보급을 위해서는 다양한 환경 편익을 포함한 경제성 검토가 요구된다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2005년도 제17회 워크샵 및 추계학술대회
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• pp.648-654
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• 2005

The performance prediction of a planar-type solid oxide fuel ceil is conducted by a computational analysis. The transport processes are formulated with the help of a simplified treatment of heat generation by the electrochemical reaction. From the result of the computational analysis, it is shown that the electrochemical reaction is closely related to the transport phenomena inside a solid oxide fuel cell. Transport phenomena including heat and mass transfer have influence on the distribution of local current density and as a result, on the performance characteristics of the fuel cell. Computational analysis is also extended to the parametric study to investigate the performance behavior of the fuel cell with different amount of supplied fuel flow rates. It is also demonstrated that the mathematical formulation and computational procedures proposed in this study can be applied to prove the importance of the specific TPB(Three-Phase-Boundary) area in the manufacturing process of electrodes in a solid oxide fuel cell.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to enhance sales promotion efficiency for using solid refuse fuel facilities. Renewable energy technology using Solid Refuse Fuel (SRF) is an economic efficiency technology that recovers waste by burning various wastes. A survey on the pollutants discharged from the solid fuels facilities was investigated so that the SRF facilities could be expanded, distributed and reflected in the policy. Research design, data, and methodology: In this study, 9 business sites using SRF and Bio-SRF as main raw materials were investigated for 2 years. The characteristics of target business sites such as the type of fuel used, combustion method, combustion temperature, daily fuel consumption and environmental prevention facilities were studied. Results: The average pollution & ammonia concentration of Bio-SRF facilities was found to be 88.15% higher than that of SRF facilities. But the average acetaldehyde concentration of SRF facilities was found to be 88.15% higher than that of Bio-SRF facilities. Conclusions: The main issue is how much electric power generation using combustible materials affects air pollution. The waste recycling law provides the standard value according to the fuel property, but there is a considerable gap with the mixed fuel. Therefore, for efficient utilization of facilities using solid fuel products, additional research is needed to improve the distribution structure of exhaust pollutants is needed.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제42권12호
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• pp.846-853
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• 2005

For the performance prediction of a planar-type solid oxide fuel cell, the computational analysis of transport phenomena with a simplified treatment of heat generation by the electrochemical reaction is conducted. From the result of the computational analysis, it is shown that the electrochemical reaction is closely related to the transport phenomena inside a solid oxide fuel cell. Transport phenomena including heat and mass transfer influences on the distribution of local current density and, as a result, on the performance characteristics of the fuel cell. Computational analysis is also extended to the parametric study to investigate the performance behavior of the fuel cell with different amount of supplied fuel flow rates. It is also demonstrated that the mathematical formulation and computational procedures proposed in this study can be applied to prove the importance of the specific TPB area in the manufacturing process of electrodes in solid oxide fuel cells.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1993년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.116-119
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• 1993

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell is an excellent electric generator with regard with preservation of environment and the energysavings. The objectives of this study are to investigate the status of Solid Oxide Fuel Cel1 technologies.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.333-348
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• 2019

Low fuel regression rate is the main drawback of hybrid rocket which should be overcome. One of the improvement techniques to this problem is usage of a solid fuel grain with a complicated geometry port, which has been promoted owing to the recent development of additive manufacturing technologies. In the design of a hybrid rocket fuel grain with a complicated geometry port, the understanding of fuel regression behavior is very important. Numerical investigations of fuel regression behavior requires a capturing method of solid fuel surface, i.e. gas-solid interface. In this study, level set method is employed as such a method and the preliminary numerical tool for capturing a hybrid rocket solid fuel surface is developed. At first, to test the adequacy of the numerical modeling, the simulation results for circular port are compared to the experimental results in open literature. The regression rates and oxidizer to fuel ratios show good agreements between the simulations and the experiments, after passing enough time. However, during the early period of combustion, there are the discrepancies between the simulations and the experiments, owing to transient phenomena. Second, the simulations of complicated geometry ports are demonstrated. In this preliminary step, a star shape is employed as complicated geometry of port. The slot number effect in star port is investigated. The regression rate decreases with increasing the slot number, except for the star port with many slots (8 slots) in the latter half of combustion. The oxidizer to fuel ratio increases with increasing the slot number.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.437-444
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• 2010

Dry Process(natural drying, hot-air drying, oil fry drying), optimized mixture ratio and the condition of carbonization was carried out in order to improve the product durability develop eco-friendly solid fuel mixing food waste and paper sludge. As a result of the experiment, oil fry drying process was the fastest method for drying food waste and paper sludge mixture that contains 80% water inside, and the optimized mixture ratio to minimize the generating concentration of chlorine gas against caloric value of mixture ratio was 7:3. Additionally proper temperature of product carbonization was about $200^{\circ}C$ and shown increasing product durability through the carbonization. Therefore, the pelletized solid fuel be shaped diameter around 0.5cm, length 2cm under which was pulverized and molded using 7:3 mixture of food waste, and paper sludge was the eco-friendly solid fuel possible to be industrialized which is consist of chlorine concentration of below 2.0wt% and the lowest caloric value of over 5,000kcal/kg. In conclusion, this developing manufacturing process of the solid fuel can be interpreted to contribute alternative energy development in accordance with low carbon and green growth era.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.273-276
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• 2005

Performance analysis of a solid oxide fuel cell/micro gas turbine hybrid system is conducted at design-point and part-load conditions and its results are discussed in this study. With detailed considerations of the heat and mass transfer phenomena along various flow streams of the SOFC, the analysis based on a quasi-2D model reasonably predicts its performance at the design-point operating conditions. In case of part-load operations, performance of the hybrid system to three different operation modes(fuel only control, speed control, and VIGV control) is compared. It is found that the simultaneous control of both supplied fuel and air to the system with a variable MGT rotational speed mode is the optimum choice for the high performance operation. And then, the dynamic characteristics of a solid oxide fuel cell are briefly introduced.