• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2008.07a
• /
• pp.1108-1109
• /
• 2008

To survive in outdoor environments, photovoltaic modules rely on packaging materials to provide requisite durability. We analyzed the properties of encapsulant materials that are important for photovoltaic module packaging. Recently, the thickness of solar cell gets thinner to reduce the quantity of silicon. And the reduced thickness make it easy to be broken while PV module fabrication process. Solar cell's micro cracks are increasing the breakage risk over the whole value chain from the wafer to the finished module, because the wafer or cell is exposed to tensile stress during handling and processing. This phenomenon might make PV module's maximum power and durability down. So, when using thin solar cell for PV module fabrication, it is needed to optimize the material and fabrication condition which is quite different from normal thick solar cell process. Normally, gel-content of EVA sheet should be higher than 80% so PV module has long term durability. But high gel-content characteristic might cause micro-crack on solar cell. In this experiment, we fabricated several specimen by varying curing temperature and time condition. And from the gel-content measurement, we figure the best fabrication condition. Also we examine the crack generation phenomenon during experiment.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.17-23
• /
• 2024

Photovoltaic (PV) power generation is the world's best and largest renewable energy that generates electricity with infinite sunlight. Solar cell modules are a component of photovoltaic power generation and must have a long-term durability of at least 25 years. The development of processes and equipment that can be recovered through the recycling of metals and valuable metals when the solar module's lifespan is over has been completed to the level of commercialization, but few processes have been developed that require repair due to initial defects. This is mainly due to the economic problems caused by remaking. However, if manufacturing processes such as repairing solar cell modules that have been proven to be early defects are established and the technical review of long-term reliability and durability reaches a certain level, it is considered that it will be a recommended process technology for environmental economics. In this paper, assuming that a defective solar cell module occurs artificially, a manufacturing process for replacement of solar cells was developed, and a technical verification of the manufacturing technology was conducted through long-term durability evaluation in accordance with KS C 8561. Through this, it was determined that remanufacturing technology for solar cell replacement of solar cell modules that occurred in a short period of time after installation was possible, and the research results were announced through a journal to commercialize solar modules using manufacturing technology in the solar market in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.291-296
• /
• 2020

The high power of a shingled photovoltaic module can be attributed to its low cell-to-module loss. The production of high power modules in limited area requires high efficiency solar cells. Shingled photovoltaic modules can be made by divided solar cells, which can be produced by the laser scribing process. After dividing the 21% PERC cell using laser scribing, the efficiency decreased by approximately 0.35%. However, there was no change in the efficiency of the solar cell having relatively lower efficiency, because the laser scribing process induce higher heat damages in solar cells with high efficiency. To prove this phenomena, the J₀ (leakage current density) of each cell was analyzed. It was found that the J₀ of 21% PERC increased about 17 times between full and divided solar cell. However, the J₀ of 20.2% PERC increased only about 2.5 times between full and divided solar cell.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2012

To expect accurately the maximum power of solar cell module under various installation conditions, it is required to know the performance characteristics like temperature dependence. Today, the PV (photovoltaic) market in Korea has been growing. Also BIPV (building integrated photovoltaic) systems are diversified and become popular. But thermal dependence of PV module is little known to customers and system installers. In IEC 61215,a regulation for testing the crystalline silicon solar cell module, the testing method is specified for modules. However there is limitation for testing the module with diverse application examples. In extreme installation method, there is no air flow between rear side of module and ambient, and it can induce temperature increase. In this paper, we studied the roof type installation of PV module on the surface of one-axis tracker system. We measured temperature on every component of PV module and compared to open-rack structure. As a result, we provide the foundation that explains temperature characteristics and NOCT (nominal operation cell temperature) difference. The detail description will be specified as the following paper.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.57-65
• /
• 2015

The Potential Induced Degradation(PID) in PV module mainly affected by various performance conditions such as a potential difference between solar cell and frame, ambient temperature and relative humidity. The positive charges as sodium ions in front glass reach solar cell in module by a potential difference and are accumulated in the solar cell. The ions accelerate the recombination of generation electrons within solar cell under illumination, which reduces the entire output of module. Recently, it was generally known that PID generation is suppressed by controlling the thickness of SiNx AR coating layer on solar cell or using Sodium-free glass and high resistivity encapsulant. However, recovery effects for module with PID are required, because those methods permanently prevent generating PID of module. PID recovery method that voltage reversely applies between solar cell and frame contract to PID generation begins to receive attention. In this paper, PID recovery tests by using voltage under various outdoor conditions as humidity, temperature, voltage are conducted to effectively mitigate PID in module. We confirm that this recovery method perfectly eliminates PID of solar cell according to repeative PID generation and recovery as well as the applied voltage of three factors mainly affect PID recovery.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2010.06a
• /
• pp.84.1-84.1
• /
• 2010

Currently, new and renewable energy come into the spotlight, such as solar energy, wind power, fuel cell, hybrid car etc., due to the energy resource is being depleted. Especially, in order to solve like this problem, the study of solar cell manufacturing systems are being extensively researched such as vacuum process. But the major fault of the vacuum process are its expensive production price. On the order hand, Roll-to-roll printing system, the new technology of solar cell manufacturing, has low production price compare with the vacuum process. Also roll-to-roll printing system can decrease the 95% of waste water and 99.9% of harmful gasses than the vacuum process. So we addressed the roll to roll printing system for the flexible solar cell by using printing technology. This roll-to-roll printing system is comprised of various modules, such as web handling module, fine pattern printing module, dry/curing module, uniform coating module and laminating module etc.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2011.11a
• /
• pp.55.2-55.2
• /
• 2011

This research aims to study the effects of the incidence angle and surface temperature on the power generation performance of a thin-film CIGS solar cell for solar powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The test rig consists of a unit CIGS solar cell is installed on a table whose angle is controlled manually. A K-type thermocouple is attached to the solar cell surface for temperature measurements. A solar module analyzer measures the voltage and current generated from the test solar cell. The solar module analyzer also calculates the maximum solar power and efficiency of the solar cell. All test data are acquired in a PC. Test results show that the solar cell efficiency decreases significantly with increasing incidence angle and increasing surface temperature in general. As the incidence angle increases from 0 degree to 90 degree, the solar cell efficiency decreases by 60%. The solar cell efficiency decreases by 10% with increasing solar cell surface temperature from $20^{\circ}C$ to $30^{\circ}C$, for exmaple. The direct cooling method of the solar cell using dry ice decreases dramatically the solar cell surface temperature, thus increasing the solar cell efficiency by 15%.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.2966-2970
• /
• 2015

Recently, solar light power generation is widely extended by support policy to regeneration energy. However generation efficiency is decreased when solar module maintain higher than certain point temperature. Therefore, it is need to maintenance under certain point temperature. An method of solving this problem, this paper is developed geothermal exchanger for efficiency improvement of solar cell module. Geothermal exchanger consisted of heat absorber of solar cell module and heat conductor and radiator. Heat of solar cell module is radiated in the earth by geothermal exchanger. An a result, geothermal exchanger is increased generation amount of solar cell module and experiment result showed costs to about 36% increment of generation power.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.75-78
• /
• 2023

Recently, the installation of photovoltaic modules in urban areas has been increasing. In particular, the demand for solar modules installed in a limited space is increasing. However, since the crystalline silicon solar module's size is proportional to the solar cell's size, it is difficult to manufacture a module that can be installed in a limited area. In this study, we fabricated a solar module with a shingled design that can control horizontal and vertical width using a bi-directional laser scribing method. We fabricated a string cell with a width of 1/5 compared to the existing shingled design string cells using a bi-directional laser scribing method, and we fabricated a solar module by connecting three strings in parallel. Finally, we achieved a conversion power of 5.521 W at a 103 mm × 320 mm area.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.27 no.7
• /
• pp.375-379
• /
• 2015

A proper estimate of solar cell efficiency is of great importance for the feasibility analysis of solar cell power plant development. Since solar cell efficiency depends on temperature, several methods have been introduced to measure it by operating temperature modulation. However, the methods either rely on the external environment or need expensive equipment. In this paper, a thermoelectric module was used to control the operating temperature of crystalline silicon solar cells effectively and precisely over a wide range. The output characteristics of crystalline silicon solar cells in response to operating temperatures from $-5^{\circ}C$ to $100^{\circ}C$ were investigated experimentally. Their efficiencies decreased as the temperature rose, since the decrease in the open circuit voltage and fill factor exceeded the increase in the short circuit current. The maximum power temperature coefficient of the single crystalline solar cell was more sensitive to temperature change than that of the polycrystalline solar cell.