• Title/Summary/Keyword: Soil suitability classes

Search Result 19, Processing Time 0.026 seconds

Establishment of the Suitability Class in Ginseng Cultivated Lands (인삼 재배 적지 기준 설정 연구)

  • Hyeon, Geun-Soo;Kim, Seong-Min;Song, Kwan-Cheol;Yeon, Byeong-Yeol;Hyun, Dong-Yun
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
    • /
    • v.42 no.6
    • /
    • pp.430-438
    • /
    • 2009
  • An attempt was made to establish the suitability classes of lands for the cultivation of ginseng(Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). For this study, the relationships between various soil characteristics and ginseng yields were investigated on altogether 450 ginseng fields (150 sites in paddy and 300 sites in upland), across Kangwon, Kyunggi, Chungbug, Chungnam, Jonbug and Kyungbug Provinces, where ginseng is widely cultivated. In the paddy fields, most influential properties of soil on the ginseng yields was found to be the drainage class. Texture of surface soil and available soil depths affected the ginseng yields to some extents. However, the topography, slope, and the gravel content were found not to affect the ginseng yields. In the uplands, the texture of surface soil was most influential and the topography, slope, and occurrence depth of hard-pan were least influential on the performance of the crop. Making use of multiple regression, by SAS, the contribution of soil morphological and physical properties such as, topography, surface soil texture, drainage class, slope, available soil depth, gravel content, and appearance depth of hard-pan, for the suitability of land for ginseng cultivation was analyzed. Based on the results of above analysis, adding up all of the suitability indices, land suitability classes for ginseng cultivation were proposed. On top of this, taking the weather conditions into consideration, suitability of land for ginseng cultivation was established in paddy field and in uplands. As an example, maps showing the distribution of suitable land for ginseng cultivation were drawn, adopting the land suitability classes obtained through current study, soil map, climate map, and GIS information, for Eumsung County, Chungbug Province. Making use of the information on the land suitability for ginseng cultivation obtained from current study, the suitability of lands currently under cultivation of ginseng was investigated. The results indicate that 74.0% of them in paddy field and 88.3% in upland are "highly suitable" and "suitable".

Revised Soil Survey of Yangju City in Gyunggido

  • Hyun, Byung-Keun;Sonn, Yeon-Kyu;Kim, Keun-Tae;Cho, Hyun-Jun;Jung, Sug-Jae;Choi, Jung-Won
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
    • /
    • v.50 no.2
    • /
    • pp.81-92
    • /
    • 2017
  • Recently, agricultural lands have decreased sharply, which was caused by huge housing site, urbanization, land consolidation, and road construction etc. In particular, Yangju city near Seoul city has the most severe land use change in Korea. Therefore, we analyzed changes of land use, soil properties, and soil information in order to provide the basic soil information and soil management practices in this city. The area of crop cultivated land in Korea (2015) reduced by 12,090 ha compared to ones from the previous year (2014). The paddy field decreased by 25,421 ha but, upland field increased by 13,331 ha. One of the reasons for the reduction of the paddy field was converting paddy field to upland (20,916 ha) > others (3,056) > building (2,571) > public facilities (847) > idle land (217). But, reasons for increase of upland field were switching paddy to upland (20,916 ha) > land developed (634). The main reason of converting paddy field to upland was changing from rice to more profitable speciality crops or pulses. The cropland area (paddy fields, upland, orchard) of Yangju city reduced by 1,412 ha (2015/2014). The ratio of cropland area in each city reduced by 22.9% dramatically compared 2015 to 1999. The paddy fields located in alluvial plains in Yangju city were changed into upland or green house. The drainage classes of soil have been deteriorated because the flows of water were intercepted by road construction and other disturbance to water flows. In particular, paddy fields have been changed to not only upland, orchard, greenhouse cultivation but also to fallow and soil dressing on paddy in Yangju city. To analyze result of soil survey of Yangju city, 858 soil codes (soil phases) were used and the area was 105.17ha. The number of soil series increased from 60 to 65, and that of soil phase increased from 105 to 124. The largest increased area was Noegog soil series. 125.7ha of Neogog soil series was incorporated from the existing Sachon, Yecheon and Eungog soil series. The soil suitability class of paddy field in Ogjung huge housing site of Yangju city was the 4th grade for 32.6% of the area. The soil suitability classes of upland were 2nd and 3rd grade for 72.4% of the area. Farm land with high quality should be conserved by related law.

A Study on Soil Suitability Criteria for Liriopis Platyphylla

  • Cho, Hyun-Jun;Hyun, Byung-Keun;Sonn, Yeon-Kyu;Park, Chan-Won;Chun, Hyen-Chung;Song, Kwan-Cheol;Noh, Dae-Cheol;Yun, Kwan-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
    • /
    • v.46 no.6
    • /
    • pp.542-548
    • /
    • 2013
  • Soil properties and yields of liriopis platyphylla were investigated to establish soil suitability of Korean liriopis platyphylla at 116 farms in Korea. Morphological and physical properties of the soils were investigated along with the average yield of 2~3 years. The impact factors of soil properties to the yield of liriopis platyphylla were selected based on standard error of each factor. The yields of liriopis platyphylla showed the greatest values when the morphology was alluvial plains, when the drainage was well or moderately well, when the slope was 0-2%, the texture was coarse loamy, when the gravel content was less than 15% and when the available soil depth was more than 100 cm. Contribution factors of soil properties to the yields were 0.15 by morphology, 0.15 by drainage level, 0.13 by slope, 0.18 by texture, 0.16 by gravel content and 0.23 by available soil depth, respectively. Soil suitability classes were set as follows; the best suitable land if score was greater than 92, suitable land if score ranged from 91 to 86, the possible land if the score ranged from 85 to 83, and low productive land if score was less than 82. According to the criteria, 17.8% of the production area was the best suitable land, 43.1% was suitable land, 17.3% was possible land, and 21.8% was low productive land. The sum of both the best and suitable lands were 60.9% of the farm area of Miryang in Gyeongsangnam-do.

Study on Soil Survey Results of Rapid Change in Landuse (토지이용 변화지역의 토양재조사 결과 분석)

  • Hyun, Byung-Keun;Sonn, Yeon-Kyu;Park, Chan-Won;Song, Kwan-Cheol;Chun, Hyen-Chung;Hong, Suk-Young;Moon, Yong-Hee;Noh, Dae-Cheol;Jung, So-Young
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
    • /
    • v.45 no.4
    • /
    • pp.475-483
    • /
    • 2012
  • Recently, agricultural lands decrease sharply, which was caused by urbanization, land consolidation, road construction, and innovation city construction, etc. In particular, Goyang, Chenan and Wonju city were had severe land use change. Therefore, we analyzed changes of land use, soil properties, and soil information in order to provide the basic soil information and soil management practice in these cities. The results are summarized as follows. The area of crop cultivated land in Korea (2011) was reduced to 17.3ha compared to ones from the previous year (2009). The paddy field decreased by 24.2 ha but, upland field increased by 7.0 ha. The reasons for the reduction of the paddy field were converting paddy field to upland (20.7 ha) > public facilities (3.2) ${\geq}$ building (3.2) > idle land (1.3) > and others (0.9). Other reasons for reduction in the upland field were switching upland to paddy field, (20.7 ha) > land developed (4.5) > and restoration (0.3) respectively. The main reason of converting paddy field to upland was changing from rice to more profitable upland or greenhouse crops. The cropland area (paddy fields, upland, orchard) of Goyang, Cheonan, and Wonju city were reduced to 1,466 ha, 9,708 ha and 6,980 ha respectively. The ratio of cropland area in each city was reduced by 45~25% dramatically compared to upland soil survey project in Korea (1995~1999). These data were compared with MiFAFF statistics data to use for land use cover map of Ministry of environment. But they were differences significantly. Therefore, intensive investigation should be advised throughout the utilization plan. The paddy fields located in small valley in Wonju city were changed into upland or orchard. The drainage classes of soil have been deteriorated because the flows of water were intercepted by road construction and other disturbance to water flows. In particular, paddy fields have been changed to not only upland, orchard, greenhouse cultivation but also to fallow and soil dressing on paddy in Wonju city. The soil suitability classes of paddy field in Wonju innovation city were the 3rd grade for 70.8% of the area and the 4th grade for 29.2%. The soil suitability classes of upland was the 4th grade for 88.7% of the area. Fortunately, good soil suitability classes were not belong to innovation city in Wonju. So, the good farm land should be conserved and revise the related law.

Mapping Distribution of Dipterocarpus in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

  • Aoyagi, Kota;Tsuyuki, Satoshi;Phua, Mui-How;Teo, Stephen
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
    • /
    • v.28 no.3
    • /
    • pp.179-184
    • /
    • 2012
  • Dipterocarps (Dipterocarpaceae) is a dominant tree family of tropical rainforest in Southeast Asia. Dipterocarps have been exploited for its timber and disappearing fast in East Kalimantan. In this study, we predicted the distribution of dipterocarpus, one of the main dipterocarps genera, by evaluating its habitat suitability using logistic regression analysis with specimen collection points and environmental factors from GIS data. Current distribution of dipterocarpus was generated by combining the habitat suitability classes with an updated forest cover map. Rainfall, soil type, followed by elevation was the main factors that influence the distribution of dipterocarpus in East Kalimantan. Dipterocarpus can be found in a quarter of the current forest cover, which is highly suitable as habitat of Dipterocarpus.

Comparison Between Methods for Suitability Classification of Wild Edible Greens (산채류 재배적지 기준설정 방법 간의 비교 분석)

  • Hyun, Byung-Keun;Jung, Sug-Jae;Sonn, Yeon-Kyu;Park, Chan-Won;Zhang, Young-Seon;Song, Kwan-Cheol;Kim, Lee-Hyun;Choi, Eun-Young;Hong, Suk-Young;Kwon, Sun-Ik;Jang, Byoung-Choon
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
    • /
    • v.43 no.5
    • /
    • pp.696-704
    • /
    • 2010
  • The objective of this study was analysis of two methods of land suitability classification for wild edible green. One method was Maximum limiting factor method (MLFM) and the other was Multi-regression method (MRM) for land suitability classification for wild edible green. The investigation was carried out in Pyeongchang, Hongcheong, Hoeingseong, and Yanggu regions in Korea. The obtained results showed that factors related to the decision classification of the land suitability for wild edible green cultivation were land slope, altitude, soil morphology and gravel contents so on. The classification of the best suitability soil for wild edible greens were fine loamy (silty), valley or fan of soil morphology, well drainage class, B-slope (2~7%), available soil depth deeper than 100cm, and altitude higher than 501m. Contribution of soil that influence to crop yields using Multi-regression method were slope 0.30, altitude 0.22, soil morphology 0.13, drainage classes 0.09, available soil depth 0.07, and soil texture 0.01 orders. Using MLFM, area of best suitable land was 0.2%, suitable soil 15.0%, possible soil 16.7%, and low productive soil 68.0% in Hongcheon region of Gangwon province. But, area of best suitable land was 35.1%, suitable soil 30.7%, possible soil 10.3%, and low productive soil 23.9% by MRM. There was big difference of suitable soil area between two methods (MLFM and MRM). When decision classificatin of the land suitability for wild edible green cultivation should consider enough analysis methods. Furthermore, to establishment of land suitability classification for crop would be better use MRM than MLFM.

Suitability Grouping System of Paddy Soils for Multiple Cropping -Part II : Criteria of the Suitability Grouping (다모작(多毛作)을 위한 답토양(畓土壤) 적성등급(適性等級) 구분(區分) -제(第)2보(報) : 적성등급(適性等級) 구분기준(區分基準))

  • Jung, Yeun-Tae;Park, Eun-Ho;No, Yeong-Pal;Um, Ki-Tae
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
    • /
    • v.19 no.4
    • /
    • pp.283-289
    • /
    • 1986
  • To establish a suitability grouping system of paddy soils for multiple cropping of rice with other upland crops, the study was carried out after a few basic experiments. In succession to the results on basic experiment prior, the suitability system proposed and the results of application mentioned in this report were summarized as follows; 1. The factors of soil properties in the system were productivities represented by soil texture and drainage class, as well as salinity of surface and sub-soil pH of chemical properties were considered together with slope, warmth index, ground water table, parent materials etc. of soil physical or environmental conditions. The weights of the factors were combined with multiplicatively and additively so as the total marks of ideal soil to be 100. The system was composed with 5 suitability classes; over 91 mark is class I, under 60 mark class V, and each 10 point interval between classes. The limiting factors "P" (in the case that Physical properties or Productivity marks under 24), "S" (Surface slope less than 15) and "C" (Chemical condition below 15) etc. were appended up to two kinds to the classes except a part of soils in class I. 2. The areas where the warmth index exceed 110 in Yeongnam were 19% for class I, 22.7% for class II, 44.7% for class III, 11.5% for class IV, and 2.1% for class V. The rates in class I and II were slightly more than those of the whole country. 3. The points of each soil gained by the system had a positive correlation ($r=.922^{**}$) with the potential productivities.

  • PDF

Tentative Suitability Criteria for the Consolidation of Cultivated Upland in Korea (밭 경지정리(耕地整理) 적합지역(適合地域) 선정기준(選定基準) 시안(試案))

  • Jung, Yeun-Tae;Son, Il-Soo;Yun, Eul-Soo;Sonn, Yeon-Gyu;No, Young-Pal
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
    • /
    • v.29 no.2
    • /
    • pp.81-85
    • /
    • 1996
  • Tentative consolidation criteria, a kind of land suitability classification, was established for cultivated upland soils. The criteria were composed of systematically quantified individual soil properties such as physiography(relief), slope, available soil depth etc., and local features such as soil complexity, mapping unit separation, width/length ratio etc. The criteria was applied to upland soils in granite area, and sedimentary rock area. It was clear that the comparison of local features among candidated areas, and classification of suitability classes for land consolidation of upland soils was satisfactory for selection. The status of the areas classified to "Well suitable" were distributed on alluvial plains or less dissected rollings with lower complexity of soils occurred and extended acreage in each mapping unit. On the other hand, the areas classified as "Unsuitable" were distributed on the elongated narrow valleys with quite divided mapping units by paddy fields on the valley bottom.

  • PDF

Characteristics and classification of paddy soils on the Gimje-Mangyeong plains (김제만경평야(金堤萬頃平野)의 답토양특성(沓土壤特性)과 그 분류(分類)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Shin, Yong Hwa
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
    • /
    • v.5 no.2
    • /
    • pp.1-38
    • /
    • 1972
  • This study, designed to establish a classification system of paddy soils and suitability groups on productivity and management of paddy land based on soil characteristics, has been made for the paddy soils on the Gimje-Mangyeong plains. The morphological, physical and chemical properties of the 15 paddy soil series found on these plains are briefly as follows: Ten soil series (Baeggu, Bongnam, Buyong, Gimje, Gongdeog, Honam, Jeonbug, Jisan, Mangyeong and Suam) have a B horizon (cambic B), two soil series (Geugrag and Hwadong) have a Bt horizon (argillic B), and three soil series (Gwanghwal, Hwagye and Sindab) have no B or Bt horizons. Uniquely, both the Bongnam and Gongdeog series contain a muck layer in the lower part of subsoil. Four soil series (Baeggu, Gongdeog, Gwanghwal and Sindab) generally are bluish gray and dark gray, and eight soil series (Bongnam, Buyong, Gimje, Honam, Jeonbug, Jisan, Mangyeong and Suam) are either gray or grayish brown. Three soil series (Geugrag, Hwadong and Hwagye), however, are partially gleyed in the surface and subsurface, but have a yellowish brown to brown subsoil or substrata. Seven soil series (Bongnam, Buyong, Geugrag, Gimje, Gongdeog, Honam and Hwadong) are of fine clayey texture, three soil series (Baeggu, Jeonbug and Jisan) belong to fine loamy and fine silty, three soil series (Gwanghwal, Mangyeong and Suam) to coarse loamy and coarse silty, and two soil series (Hwagye and Sindab) to sandy and sandy skeletal texture classes. The carbon content of the surface soil ranges from 0.29 to 2.18 percent, mostly 1.0 to 2.0 percent. The total nitrogen content of the surface soil ranges from 0.03 to 0.25 percent, showing a tendency to decrease irregularly with depth. The C/N ratio in the surface soil ranges from 4.6 to 15.5, dominantly from 8 to 10. The C/N ratio in the subsoil and substrata, however, has a wide range from 3.0 to 20.25. The soil reaction ranges from 4.5 to 8.0. All soil series except the Gwanghwal and Mangyeong series belong to the acid reaction class. The cation exchange cpacity in the surface soil ranges from 5 to 13 milliequivalents per 100 grams of soil, and in all the subsoil and substrata except those of a sandy texture, from 10 to 20 milliequivalents per 100 grams of soil. The base saturation of the soil series except Baeggu and Gongdeog is more than 60 percent. The active iron content of the surface soil ranges from 0.45 to 1.81 ppm, easily-reduceable manganese from 15 to 148 ppm, and available silica from 36 to 366 ppm. The iron and manganese are generally accumulated in a similar position (10 to 70cm. depth), and silica occurs in the same horizon with that of iron and manganese, or in the deeper horizons in the soil profile. The properties of each soil series extending from the sea shore towards the continental plains change with distance and they are related with distance (x) as follows: y(surface soil, clay content) = $$-0.2491x^2+6.0388x-1.1251$$ y(subsoil or subsurface soil, clay content) = $$-0.31646x^2+7.84818x-2.50008$$ y(surface soil, organic carbon content) = $$-0.0089x^2+0.2192x+0.1366$$ y(subsoil or subsurface soil, pH) = $$-0.0178x^2-0.04534x+8.3531$$ Soil profile development, soil color, depositional and organic layers, soil texture and soil reaction etc. are thought to be the major items that should be considered in a paddy soil classification. It was found that most of the soils belonging to the moderately well, somewhat poorly and poorly drained fine and medium textured soils and moderately deep fine textured soils over coarse materials, produce higher paddy yields in excess of 3,750 kg/ha. and most of the soils belonging to the coarse textured soils, well drained fine textured soils, moderately deep medium textured soils over coarse materials and saline soils, produce yields less than 3,750kg/ha. Soil texture of the profile, available soil depth, salinity and gleying of the surface and subsurface soils etc. seem to be the major factors determining rice yields, and these factors are considered when establishing suitability groups for paddy land. The great group, group, subgroup, family and series are proposed for the classification categories of paddy soils. The soil series is the basic category of the classification. The argillic horizon (Bt horizon) and cambic horizon (B horizon) are proposed as two diagnostic horizons of great group level for the determination of the morphological properties of soils in the classification. The specific soil characteristics considered in the group and subgroup levels are soil color of the profile (bluish gray, gray or yellowish brown), salinity (salic), depositonal (fluvic) and muck layers (mucky), and gleying of surface and subsurface soils (gleyic). The family levels are classified on the basis of soil reaction, soil texture and gravel content of the profile. The definitions are given on each classification category, diagnostic horizons and specific soil characteristics respectively. The soils on these plains are classified in eight subgroups and examined under the existing classification system. Further, the suitability group, can be divided into two major categories, suitability class and subclass. The soils within a suitability class are similar in potential productivity and limitation on use and management. Class 1 through 4 are distinguished from each other by combination of soil characteristics. Subclasses are divided from classes that have the same kind of dominant limitations such as slope(e), wettness(w), sandy(s), gravels(g), salinity(t) and non-gleying of the surface and subsurface soils(n). The above suitability classes and subclasses are examined, and the definitions are given. Seven subclasses are found on these plains for paddy soils. The classification and suitability group of 15 paddy soil series on the Gimje-Mangyeong plains may now be tabulated as follows.

  • PDF