• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.414-419
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• 1998

우리나라 논 밭 경작지 토양의 표면전하에 미치는 유기물의 기여도를 파악하기 위하여, 화강암 풍화토(사촌통, 상주통)와 석회암 풍화토(율곡통, 평전통)를 가지고, 유기물 제거 전후 토양의 표면전화 특성을 이온흡착법을 이용하여 pH 3.5~9.0 범위에서 측정하였다. 유기물 제거 여부에 관계없이 모든 토양의 표면 음전하는 실험 pH 범위 내에서 pH 증가에 따라 직선적으로 증가하였다. pH 다누이 변화량에 대한 토양 표면 음전하의 단위 변화량(dCEC/dpH)을 토양 표면전하의 pH 의존성 지표로 제안하였다. 유기물 제거후에는 0.16~1.91의 범위로 크게 낮아졌다. 자연 토양 pH 조건에서 전체 토양표면전하량 중 유기물에 의한 표면전하량의 비율은 15.0~82.4% 범위로 나타났다. 토양유기물 1%가 발현하는 토양표면전하량은 $0.22{\sim}5.03cmol^+\;kg^{-1}$로 토양별로 차이가 컸다. 토양 유기물이 dCEC/dpH에 미치는 영향은 oxalic acid 추출 산화철 함량이 많은 논토양이 밭토양에 비하여 작았다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.241-250
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• 2000

The feasibility of precision fertilizing for small size fields was studied by determining fertilizing amount of nitrogenous and calcareous to a cite specific region. A detailed soil survey at three experimental fields of $672m^2$, $300m^2$ and $140m^2$ revealed a considerable spatial variation of the pH and organic matter(OM) levels. Soil organic matter was measured using Walkley-Black method and soil pH was measured with a pH sensor. Soil sample was obtained by Grid Node Sampling Method. The soil sampling depth was 10∼20 cm from the soil surface. To display soil nutrient variation, a soil map was made using Geographic Information System (GIS) software. In soil mapping, soil data between nodes was interpolated using Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method. The variation was about 1∼1.8 in pH value and 1.4∼7% in OM content. Fertilizing Amount of nitrogenous and calcareous was determined by th fertilizing equation which was proposed by National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology(NIAST). The variation of fertilizing amount was about 3∼11 kg/10a in nitrogenous and 70∼140 kg/10a in calcareous. The results showed a feasibility of precision fertilizing for small size fields.

• 식물병과 농업
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.84-89
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• 1999

Development of root galls of clubroot disease on Chinese cabbage seedlings was first observed 17days after inoculation of Plasmodiophora brassicae at $25^{\circ}C$ 4-11days earlier than at 5, 20, 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 35$^{\circ}C$. Subsequent enlargement of root galls was also fastest at $25^{\circ}C$ and 2$0^{\circ}C$ but delayed at 15$^{\circ}C$ and 3$0^{\circ}C$ or above. Chinese cabbage seedlings with root gall formation showed reduction in number of leaves above ground fresh weight and amount of root hairs but increase in root weight, Root galls development was highest at soil moisture level of 80% of maximum soil moisture capacity than at 60% and 100%. Optimum soil pH for root gall development was pH 6 although root galls were formed at a range of pH 5 to 8. Period of light illumination also affected root gall development with the greatest gall development at 12hr/12hr in light/dark period and the least at 8hr/16hr. Site of root gall formation and gall shape did not differ greatly among treatments of temperature soil moisture pH and light experiments.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.149-154
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• 1971

논 또는 밭상태하(狀態下)에서 생(生)짚을 시용(施用)했을 경우(境遇)와 그렇지 않았을 경우(境遇)에 시용(施用)한 탄산석회(炭酸石灰)와 소석화(消石火)가 토양(土壤) 및 토양용액(土壤溶液)의 pH 변화(變化)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 알고저 5릿터들이 폴리에칠렌 폿트에 전토(塡土)하여 시험(試驗)한 바 얻어진 결과(結果)는 아래와 같다. 1. 탄산석회(炭酸石灰)를 시용(施用)하고 밭상태(狀態)로 방치(放置)했을 때는 소석회(消石灰)를 시용(施用)했을 때와 같이 토양(土壤)의 pH를 크게 높였으나 탄산석회(炭酸石灰)를 시용(施用)하고 담수상태(湛水狀態)로 방치(放置)했을 때는 그렇지 못하였다. 2. 생(生)짚 시용(施用)으로 인(因)한 토양환원(土壤還元)인 발달(發達)은 토양(土壤)의 pH를 상승(上昇)시키는데 큰 효과가 있었다. 토양환원(土壤還元)과 석회시용(石灰施用)으로 인(因)하여 상승(上昇)된 토양(土壤) pH는 토양용액중(土壤溶液中)에 중탄산(重炭酸) Ion 이 축적(蓄積)되고 탄산(炭酸)까스의 분압(分壓)이 높아짐으로서 점차(漸次) 감소(減少)된다. 이 사실(事實)로 미루어 중간낙수(中間落水)나 중경(中耕)과 같은 작업(作業)은 담수토양(湛水土壤)의 pH를 높이 유지(維持)하는데 유효할 것 같다. 3. 환원(還元)된 담수토양(湛水土壤)에서 생성(生成)된 탄산(炭酸)이나 중탄산염(重炭酸鹽)은 그 토양(土壤)의 완충능(緩衝能)을 증가(增加)할 것이다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.297-301
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• 1990

우리나라 영일만지대(迎日灣地帶)에서 생산(生産)되는 토양광물자원중(土壤鑛物資源中) pH가 3정도(程度)로 낮고 CEC가 20me/100g정도(程度)로 비교적(比較的) 높은 규조토(珪藻土)의 농업적(農業的) 활용가능성(活用可能性)을 검토(檢討)하고자 규조토시용(珪藻土施用)이 수도상자육묘상토(水滔箱子育苗床土)의 pH조절(調節) 및 묘생육(苗生育)에 미치는 영향에 대(對)하여 질내(窒內) 및 육묘시험(育苗試驗)을 수행(遂行)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 토양(土壤)pH와 입고병발생율(立枯病發生率)은 규조토(珪藻土) 시용량(施用量)의 증가(增加)에 따라 낮아졌다. 2. 10~15% 규조토시용(珪藻土施用)에 의하여 토양(土壤)pH는 상토(床土)의 최적(最適)pH수준(水準) 4.5~5.5로 조절(調節)되었다. 3. 규조토시용(珪藻土施用)에 의하여 조절(調節)된 pH는 질내시험(窒內試驗)의 황산(黃酸)에 의한 pH조절구(調節區)보다 산도변화(酸度變化)가 작았으며, 육묘기간(育苗期間)동안에도 대조(對照)에 비(比)하여 경미(輕微)하였다. 4. 규조토시용(珪藻土施用)에 의하여 묘(苗)의 건물중(乾物重) 및 초장(草長)이 증가(增加)하였다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.59-62
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• 1971

양송이를 재배할 때 복토의 최적 pH와 칼슘원의 효과를 구명코저 본 시험을 실시하였다. 양송이 복토의 최적 pH는 7.5이었다. 중성내지 약알카리성토양에서 칼슘의 촉진적 효과가 뚜렷하였다. 즉, 복토에 첨가되는 수산화칼슘 및 탄산칼슘의 효과는 pH교정뿐만 아니라 칼슘의 생장촉진효과도 중요하다고 본다.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.II
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• pp.236-245
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• 2000

The feasibility of precision farming for small sized fields was studied by determining fertilizing amount of nitrogenous and calcareous to a cite specific region. A detailed soil survey at three experimental fields of 672㎡, 300㎡ and 140㎡ revealed a considerable spatial variation of the pH and organic matter(OM) levels. Soil organic matter was measured using Walkley-Black method and soil pH was measured with a pH sensor. Soil sample was obtained by Grid Node Sampling Method. The soil sampling depth was 10 - 20 cm from the soil surface. To display soil nutrient variation, a soil map was made using Geographic Information System (GIS) software. In soil mapping, soil data between nodes was interpolated using Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method. The variation was about 1 - 1.8 in pH value and 1.4 -7 % in OM content. Fertilizing Amount of nitrogenous and calcareous was determined by the fertilizing equation which was proposed by National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology.(NIAST). The variation of fertilizing amount was about 3 - 11 kg/10a in nitrogenous and 70 - 140 kg/10a in calcareous. The results showed a feasibility of precision fertilizing for small size fields.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2017

This study was conducted to identify characteristics of domestic pine forest soils and to elucidate major soil influencing factors for natural regeneration. We analyzed the physico-chemical characteristics of the soil samples collected from 23 pine forests and confirmed the similar results with the forest soil characteristics. Soil pH, organic matter content, total nitrogen, exchangeable Ca, silt content, and exchangeable Al were selected as the major soil factors among the exposed soils through 10 days of pine seedlings exposure and cultivation experiments and statistical analysis. Multiple regression analysis showed that soil pH had a positive effect on specific root length (SRL) of red pine seedlings and exchangeable Al was a significant factor affecting negative change in SRL. Taken together, the reduction of exchangeable Al by soil pH adjustment would be helpful for natural regeneration by restoring the forest and improving the fine root and root integrity of pine seedlings. Therefore, soil pH and exchangeable Al could be recommended as a major soil factor to be carefully considered in the monitoring and management of soil in pine forests that need to be renewed in the future.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2016

Background: In order to evaluate the effect of pH, known as a critical factor for shaping the biogeographical microbial patterns in the studies by others, on the bacterial diversity, we selected two sites in a similar geographical location (site 1; north latitude 35.3, longitude 127.8, site 2; north latitude 35.2, longitude 129.2) and compared their soil bacterial diversity between them. The mountain soil at site 1 (Jiri National Park) represented naturally acidic but almost pollution free (pH 5.2) and that at site 2 was neutral but exposed to the pollutants due to the suburban location of a big city (pH 7.7). Methods: Metagenomic DNAs from soil bacteria were extracted and amplified by PCR with 27F/518R primers and pyrosequenced using Roche 454 GS FLX Titanium. Results: Bacterial phyla retrieved from the soil at site 1 were more diverse than those at site 2, and their bacterial compositions were quite different: Almost half of the phyla at site 1 were Proteobacteria (49 %), and the remaining phyla were attributed to 10 other phyla. By contrast, in the soil at site 2, four main phyla (Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Cyanobacteria) composed 94 %; the remainder was attributed to two other phyla. Furthermore, when bacterial composition was examined on the order level, only two Burkholderiales and Rhizobiales were found at both sites. So depending on pH, the bacterial community in soil at site 1 differed from that at site 2, and although the acidic soil of site 1 represented a non-optimal pH for bacterial growth, the bacterial diversity, evenness, and richness at this site were higher than those found in the neutral pH soil at site 2. Conclusions: These results and the indices regarding diversity, richness, and evenness examined in this study indicate that pH alone might not play a main role for bacterial diversity in soil.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.70-75
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• 1981

중성(中性)인 간척지토양(干拓地土懷), 산성(酸性)인 일반답토양(一般畓土壞)을 담수(湛水)하여 $30^{\circ}C$ 부근에서 18일간(日間) 보관(保管)하는 실내시험(室內試驗)을 하고 수종(數種) 질소질비료(窒素質肥料)의 암모니아 휘산화(揮散化)를 검토(檢討)하였으며 얻어진 결과(結果)는 아래와 같다 1. 요소(尿素)는 토양의 pH를 높이며 암모니아의 휘산(揮散)을 촉진(促進)하였다. 2. 유안(硫安)과 염안은 간척지토양(干拓地土懷)의 환원(還元)으로도 pH를 7.3이상(以上) 높이지 않았으며 $pK_b$ 4.72~3을 유지하여 암모니아의 휘산(揮散)이 미미(微微)함을 표시(表示)하였다. 3. 미원유기질비료(味元有機質肥料)는 유안(硫安), 염안보다 간척지토양(干拓地土懷) pH를 약간 높였으니 pH에 상응하는 암모니아 휘산(揮散)을 가져오지 않았다. 같은 pH라면 유안(硫安), 염안보다 암모니아의 휘산(揮散)을 줄일 것으로 사료(思料)된다. 4. 요소시용(尿素拖用)으로 인(因)한 암모니아 휘산(揮散)은 간척지토양(干拓地土懷)에서 보다 원래(原來)의 pH 가 낮았던 일반답토양(一般沓土壞)에서 더 용이(容易)하였고 같은 pH 일반토양(一般土壞)에서 더 많은 암모니아가 휘산(揮散)할 것이다. 5. 생짚분(粉)이 시용(施用)은 간척지토양(干拓地土懷)에서 pH를 낮추고 암모니아의 휘산(揮散)을 줄이는데 유효(有效)하였다.