• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2015

Urea has been the most useful N-source, due to lower cost per unit of N. But nitrogen use efficiency of urea may be reduced because of losses from agricultural system by volatilization of ammonia to atmosphere. This study was conducted to evaluate the nitrogen efficiency and growth of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) by mixed treatment with nitrogen and zeolite. They were treated with N $161kg\;ha^{-1}$, N $230kg\;ha^{-1}$, nitrogenzeolite mixture (NZM) $161kg\;ha^{-1}$, NZM $230kg\;ha^{-1}$ and N $0kg\;ha^{-1}$, respectively. In the soil chemical properties after experiment, soil pH decreased but available $P_2O_5$, EC and total nitrogen increased in nitrogen-zeolite mixture treatment. $NO_3-N$ content in the soil showed the highest level in NZM $230kg\;ha^{-1}$. NZM $161kg\;ha^{-1}$ treatment increased growth and yield of hot pepper compared to urea alone. Nitrogen utilization efficiency of hot pepper plant was 47.15% at the treatment of NZM $161kg\;ha^{-1}$, while 36.74% at N $230kg\;ha^{-1}$. These results showed that application of mixture of nitrogen and zeolite had positive influence to improve the efficiency of nitrogen utilization and increase of red pepper yield.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

요소는 가장 보편적인 질소비료 중 하나인데 빠른 가수분해와 환경으로의 질소 손실로 인해 작물에 질소 이용효율이 낮다. 따라서 요소 비료에서 질소 방출을 제어하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 토양의 요소가수분해효소를 억제하여 요소에서 과도한 질소 용출을 방지하기 위해 목초액을 처리하였다. 목초액의 유효성분은 목초액을 처리하지 않은 토양에 비해 암모늄태 질소의 추출량을 79.7% 감소시켜 토양에서 요소의 암모니아화를 억제한 것으로 나타났다. 목초액이 요소의 시비 효율에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 요소와 목초액을 처리한 토양에서 배추(Brassica campestris var. Pekinensis)를 각각 포트와 포장에서 재배하였다. 목초액을 요소와 같이 처리했을 때 관행적으로 사용하는 요소량의 반을 사용하였으며 관행과 비교하여 유사한 배추 생체중을 보였다. 배추의 질소 함량은 목초액 처리구에서 낮아 배추가 질소를 효율적으로 사용한 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 요소를 목초액의 유효성분과 같이 처리하면 시비량과 시비 횟수를 감소시킬 수 있다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.431-437
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• 2015

자원순환 및 친환경 농업을 실천하는 농가가 증가함에 따라 유기물을 활용한 농경지 양분관리에 대한 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 질소 공급원으로 유기물을 시용했을 때 질소 공급효과에 대한 연구들을 정리한 결과는 다음과 같다. 농경지에 유기물을 시용했을 때 질소의 공급은 질소 순환에서 무기화 과정을 통해 이루어지기 때문에 작물의 단기적인 질소 이용률은 무기질 비료에 비해 낮다. 유기물의 질소 공급량은 유기물의 C/N율이 낮을수록 무기화율이 높아지므로 C/N율을 고려한 유기물 시용이 중요하다. 가축분 퇴비의 경우 축종별 분뇨 질소함량과 퇴비와 혼합된 부산물 종류에 따라 질소 무기화율이 달라질 수 있으며, 녹비는 작물 종류와 환원시기, 토양 양분조건 등에 따라 C/N율이 달라진다. 또한 적정량의 질소를 추천하기 위해서는 토양 중 유기태 질소로부터 가용화 될 수 있는 질소의 양을 측정하여야 한다. 지금까지 보고된 퇴비, 녹비에 대한 질소공급과 작물 생산성에 대한 연구결과는 재배 여건과 작물 종류 등에 따라 다르게 나타나 질소 공급을 위한 유기물 추천 모델을 구성하기 위한 기초자료로 활용하기에는 어려움이 있다. 유기물 추천 모델을 구성하기 위해서는 우선적으로 유기물질 종류별 질소 공급량에 대한 기초 데이터가 구축되어야 하며, 토양의 질소공급량을 평가할 수 있는 분석 방법의 구축이 필요하다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.216-222
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• 2013

Fertilizer management has the potential to promote the storage of carbon and nitrogen in agricultural soils and thus may contribute to crop sustainability and mitigation of global warming. In this study, the effects of fertilizer practices [no fertilizer (Control), chemical fertilizer (NPK), Compost, and chemical fertilizer plus compost] on soil total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN) contents in inner soil profiles of paddy soil at 0-60 cm depth were examined by using long-term field experimental site at $42^{nd}$ years after installation. TC and TN concentrations of the treatments which included N input (NPK, Compost, NPK+Compost) in plow layer (0-15 cm) ranged from 19.0 to 26.4 g $kg^{-1}$ and 2.15 to 2.53 g $kg^{-1}$, respectively. Compared with control treatment, SOC (soil organic C) and TN concentrations were increased by 24.1 and 31.0%, 57.6 and 49.7%, and 72.2 and 54.5% for NPK, Compost, and NPK+Compost, respectively. However, long term fertilization significantly influenced TC concentration and pools to 30 cm depth. TC and TN pools for NPK, Compost, NPK+Compost in 0-30 cm depth ranged from 44.8 to 56.8 Mg $ha^{-1}$ and 5.78 to 6.49 Mg $ha^{-1}$, respectively. TC and TN pools were greater by 10.5 and 21.4%, 30.3 and 29.6%, and 39.9 and 36.3% in N input treatments (NPK, Compost, NPK+Compost) than in control treatment. These resulted from the formation and stability of aggregate in paddy soil with continuous mono rice cultivation. Therefore, fertilization practice could contribute to the storage of C and N in paddy soil, especially, organic amendments with chemical fertilizers may be alternative practices to sequester carbon and nitrogen in agricultural soil.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.157-161
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• 2010

Forest soils are often nitrogen-limited, and nitrogen input to forest soils can cause substantial changes in the structure and functions of a soil ecosystem. To determine the effects of nitrogen input on methane oxidation and the microbial enzyme activities, manipulation experiments were conducted using nitrogen addition to soil samples from Mt. Jumbong. Our findings suggested that the addition of nitrogen to the soil system of Mt. Jumbong did not affect the microbial enzyme activities. Conversely, the addition of nitrogen affected the rate of methane oxidation. Inorganic nitrogen in soils can inhibit methane oxidation via several mechanisms, such as substrate competition, toxic effects, and competition with other microbes, but the inhibitory effects are not always the same. In this research, seasonal changes were found to produce different inhibitory factors, and these different responses may be caused from differences in the methantrophic bacteria community structure.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.281-297
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• 1993

Nitrogen is an element required to meet optimal plant growth. However, when it was applied (as chemical fertilizer or animal waste) more than the demand of plant and managed it unreasonably can be accumulated in subsoil and leached from soil system. Nitrogen also can be act as an pollutant to soil and water through water contamination if its concentration exceed the critical level. The concentration and downward movement of nitrate in soil is influenced by cultural practices and soil properties. High level of nitrate nitrogen in drinking water is harzadrous for animal and human health, especially for infants and the restoration of the quality of groundwater is impossible by now. Therefore it is the only way to prevent from leaching of nitrate nitrogen to keep the quality of groundwater as vital water resource. The aims of the presentation of this review paper are to understand the relationship between agricultural practices and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen in groundwater and to suggest further informations for the rational management methods to reduce the leaching of nitrate nitrogen in soil.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제87권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 1998

경기도 광릉 중부임업시험장 내에 위치한 상수리나무임분의 무기 질소 동태를 구명하기 위하여 3개의 $20{\times}10m$의 조사구를 선정하고 각 조사구로부터 직경 5cm, 김이 15cm 토양을 비닐주머니매설 배양법을 이용하여 1995년 11월부터 96년 11월까지 1년 동안 조사하였다. 조사 기간 동안 질소 무기화량은 95.2mg/kg/yr, 질산화량은 65.4mg/kg/yr 이었으며, 질산화가 질소 무기화에 차지하는 비율은 69%였다. 질소 무기화나 질산화에 영향을 미치는 환경 인자 중 토양 온도나 토양 수분 조건은 이 임분의 질소 무기화나 질산화에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.207-212
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• 1995

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of the nitrogen fertilization levels on the content of $NH_4^+$-N in soil of 'Suffolk' Kentucky bluegrass and zoysiagrass. The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1.According to the nitrogen fertilization levels, the content of $NH_4^+$-N in soil of Kentucky blue-grass and zoysiagrass was not significantly different. The content of $NH_4^+$-N in soil of Kentucky bluegrass and zoysiagrass was highest in June and December and lowest in March and September. 2.The content of $NH_3^-$-N in soil was increased by increasing the nitrogen fertilization levels in both Kentucky bluegrass and zoysiagrass. However, the deeper the depth of soil the less the content of $NO_3^-$-N in soil. In 40~60cm soil depth, the content of $NO_3^-$-N in soil was lower than 10ppm in average. Even in June, which was the highest month of the content of $NO_3^-$-N in soil, the content of $NO_3^-$-N in soil was not overpassed the degree of 20ppm.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.85-90
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• 1990

Pot experiment was conducted to find out the effect of decomposing degree of rice straw on growth characteristics of flue-cured tobacco, NC82. Tobacco growth was hindered by fresh straw of rice application. Generally, it was known that if organic matter of high Carbon/Nitrogen ratio had applied in soil, there was temporary nitrogen deficiency in plant caused by soil microorganism utilized nitrogen contained organic matter. In pot experiment, it was supposed that tobacco growth hindered by fresh straw of rice application was not nitrogen deficiency by soil microorganism, but gas toxicity by fresh straw of rice application.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels and types of nitrogen fertilizer on seedlings and soil chemical properties in a semi-arid area, Mongolia. 2-year-old Populus sibirica and 4-year-old Ulmus pumila seedlings were planted in May 2014. Six treatments with three levels of nitrogen (low-level: urea $5g\;tree^{-1}$; medium-level: urea $15g\;tree^{-1}$, ammonium sulfate $33g\;tree^{-1}$, urea $15g\;tree^{-1}$ with potassium phosphate $10g\;tree^{-1}$; high-level: urea $30g\;tree^{-1}$) were applied and for the medium-level of nitrogen, different types of fertilizer were treated. Survival rate, root collar diameter (RCD) growth rate, leaf nitrogen concentration of seedlings, and soil chemical properties were determined in August 2014. The seedling survival rate of both species decreased as the level of nitrogen increased. This result can be explained by water stress caused by nitrogen fertilization in arid regions. The RCD growth rate of P. sibirica was significantly decreased by the treatment of high-level of nitrogen due to excessive nitrogen fertilization, and was increased by the treatment of ammonium sulfate due to sulfur which might promote nitrogen uptake. The leaf nitrogen concentration of P. sibirica did not change by the treatment of low-level of nitrogen, and was increased by the treatment of medium-level of nitrogen. There were no significant differences in the RCD growth rate and the leaf nitrogen concentration of U. pumila among the six treatments. None of soil chemical properties was affected by nitrogen fertilization. Overall, the low-level of nitrogen showed no effect on seedlings and soil chemical properties, except on survival rate of U. pumila and the high-level of nitrogen was considered excessive fertilization. Continuous monitoring of medium-level nitrogen fertilization including the ammonium sulfate, which increased early growth of seedlings, would be needed to elucidate the effect of fertilization on seedling growth and soil properties in a semi-arid region.