• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 1977

은수원사시나무(${\times}$P. albaglandulosa)조림지(造林地)에서 임분밀도(林分密度)가 693본(本)/ha의 6년생(年生), 625본(本) 또는 527본(本)/ha의 9년생(年生) 임분(林分)에 대하여 상대생장법(相對生長法)으로 현존량(現存量)과 생산성(生産性)을 추정(推定)하고 생산구조(生産構造)를 분석(分析)하였다. 1. 생산구조도(生産構造圖)의 광합성부(光合成部)는 층(層)을 형성(形成)하여 광선(光線)의 투입(透入)에 효과적(効果的)인 특징(特徵)을 나타내었다. 2. 지상부(地上部) 현존량(現存量)은 6년생(年生)이 18.11 ton/ha, 9년생(年生)이 38.8~47.3ton/ha 이며, 간재적(幹材積)은 6년생(年生)이 $31.3m^3/ha$, 9년생(年生)이 $68.8{\sim}83.9m^3/ha$이었다. 3. 년순생산량(年純生産量)은 6년생(年生)에서 4.8 ton/ha/yr, 9년생(年生)에서 10.0~11.7ton/ha/yr를 얻었고. 간재적(幹材積)의 순생산량(純生産量)은 $17.9{\sim}21.1m^3/ha/yr$로 나타났다. 4. 9년생(年生)의 표준지(標準地)에서 현존량(現存量) 및 순생산량(純生産量)에 차이(差異)가 생기는 이유(理由)는 토양(土壤)의 화학성분(化學成分)에 의하지 않고 물리적(物理的) 성질(性質)에 기인(起因)하는 것으로 사료(思料)되었다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.394-405
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• 2012

본 연구는 매립공사로 인해 훼손되는 토취장을 대상으로 생태계 훼손에 따른 이식방안을 제안하고자 하였다. 연구대상지는 전라남도 광양시 중군동에 위치하며 전체 면적은 약 $199,026m^2$이나 토취에 의해 훼손되는 지역은 약 $84,200m^2$로 이들 지역에 대하여 생태계 훼손에 따른 이식방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구대상지내 분포하는 식생구조 및 발달과정, 지형 및 토양의 이화학적 특성, 연륜구조 등을 종합적으로 분석하여 훼손이 불가피한 대상지의 이식방안을 제안하고자 하였다. 분석결과, 본 연구에서 군락이식과 수목이식으로 구분하여 기존 신갈나무림과 곰솔림을 모델로 식재방안을 제안하였다. 훼손지의 군락이식에 있어서는 신갈나무숲을 조성하여 자연림의 복원을 도모하며, 이식량에 있어서는 교목층의 신갈나무 89주, 아교목층 153주, 관목층 661주가 적정할 것으로 조사되었으며 수목이식은 기존의 곰솔 이식으로 교목층의 곰솔 2,648주이었고, 전체 표토 이식량은 $15,353m^3$로 산출되었다. 본 연구결과는 매립에 따른 훼손지의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 생태계 보상 및 훼손 저감장치로서 유용하게 작용할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.188-194
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• 2000

금낭화의 적정 재배환경을 구명하기 위하여 금낭화의 자생지 식생 및 생육환경을 조사한 결과, 금낭화가 자생하고 있는 곳은 해발 630~690m의 북동사면 전석지 지역이었고, 경사도는 25$^{\circ}$~ 33$^{\circ}$ 범위이었다. 군락내 광도는 평균 14,0001ux 였으며, 생육초기에는 높았고 후기로 갈수록 광도는 낮아지는 경향이었다. 방형구당 금낭화 개체수는 평균 30개체 였으며, 전체 방형구에서 출현한 종수는 52종이었다. 이들 중 목본식 물은 신갈나무, 생강나무, 난티 잎개암 나무, 층층나무, 초본식물은 산괴불주머니, 개별꽃, 맑은대쑥, 관중, 천남성, 대사초, 홀아비꽃대가 우점하였다. 금낭화 자생지의 평균 토양 수분은 약 32.6%이었고, 토양산도는 5.1~6.0 범위이었으며, 유기물 함량은 1.70~2.20%, 인산함량은 평균 14mg/kg이었다. 치환성 양이온 용량은 칼륨 0.55me/100g, 칼슘 15.2me/100g 그리고 마그네슘이 3.3me/100g이었고, 전기전도도는 0.50~0.76dS/m 범위였다. 생육기인 5월과 6월의 평균기온은 각각 14.2$^{\circ}C$와 19.4$^{\circ}C$이었다. 조사결과 금낭화는 차광조건이 요구되고, pH 5.5 정도의 수분이 충분히 유지 되는 토양조건과 평균 14$^{\circ}C$~19$^{\circ}C$ 정도의 기온에서 좋은 생육을 하는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.1227-1240
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• 2009

This study examines the actual conditions of toddler playwear preference survey for design and function. The study develops proper indoor and outdoor playwear for toddlers based on the analysis. A survey of 200 parents with toddlers between 2 and 6 years old and 120 teachers was conducted to find the conditions and needs for playwear along with the necessary design elements. Second, 6 designs including 3 designs for indoor playwear and 3 designs for outdoor playwear were made. These designs emphasized on soil contamination part, color, pattern, form, material, detail, and fasteners. Art play and cooking play are considered for indoor playwear and ways to decrease contamination on sleeve hem, elbow, chest, and knee were determined through the use of yellow, green, and blue colors. Applying a character and separate top with sleeves were determined. Light with breathable and waterproof fabric was determined. The correct amount of Velcro fasteners or buttons was determined for front fastening in addition a pocket was considered necessary as a detail part. The common design for both boys and girls along with a proper design for diverse play were determined. For outdoor playwear, water play, sand play, movement play, and ecology experience are considered and ways to decease contamination on hip, sleeve hem, and knee should be applied to the design as determined through the use of yellow, green, blue, and red colors. The demands for pattern, form, material, and details were similar to indoor playwear. Zipper and buttons for front fastening were determined. These final 6 playwear designs are presented using CAD WALK DESIGNWARE.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2008

The wetlands have functions those were retention of diverse biota, purification of water quality, control of climate and flood, eco-tourism and supply of agricultural water, and that was the ecosystem of high biodiversity as the zone of transition between inland and water. Therefore, this study showed the conservation and management plan by analyzing in the abiotic and biotic environment of forest swamp, Gyeongsangbuk-do. The results were as follows. Examining the management plan of the abiotic environment, there will need to establish the hydrological plan in continuous expediting the supply of water to maintain a humid soil of swamp, and to try to find the organic farming, use of low toxic agrichemicals and so on to prevent occurring a non-point source pollutants. To prevent changing the flowing of ground water and inflow of earth and sand in modifying the land character, there will be needed to restrict the construction of farmland and slope around swamp. To manage the biotic environment, there needed to offer the habitat by removing the regular interval and individual of a dead tree, and to improve the growth environment of vegetation. Because the naturalized plants disturb the natural vegetation, they will be removed. The afforested trees like Robinia pseudoacacia and Amorpha truticosa will be renewed to prevent the heterogeneity of landscape ecology, and the active conservation plan on wetland species will be established. As this study was carried out to study on the partial swamp, Gyeongsanbuk-do, the ecological environments distributing a swamp in Korea show a some problem. In the future, the study will accomplish to study the accurately and objectively ecological environment and management of a swamp by analyzing the extensive sites.

• 복식
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• 제63권7호
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• pp.79-93
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• 2013

In the Korean literature, records of systematic gold thread manufacturing such as gold foil(金 箔匠), gold foil bonded with fabrics(付金匠), gold foil bonded with paper materials(金箋紙匠), refining gold(鍊金匠), cutting gold(裁金匠), and making gold thread(絲金匠) can be easily found. We can infer from these literatures that the Korean people used to make gold threads. However, is not existent the gold thread making technique. Thus, a research was done using 67 pieces of gold thread artifacts used in textiles craft of Korea, China and Japan. The purpose of this research was to identify the characteristics of the Korean gold thread by studying the artifacts' form classification, gold foil, glue and the base. First, gold thread is divided into flat gold thread and wrapped gold thread. Wrapped gold thread was made in more various methods such as with a paper on the flat gold thread, metal thread and wrapped gold thread with gold foil on top. Compared to the flat gold thread, wrapped gold thread uses a thread that has a thinner and wider. Through this analysis, even making of the base of the gold threads was different according to the type. Secondly, we looked into the characteristics of materials according to form structure of the gold thread. After analysis of experiment results, we could know that to attach Korean gold thread, glue and the mixture of materials such as Red soil(朱土) was also added. The kinds of the base of gold threads were identified as paper, leather and intestines. Among those materials, for paper, Korea's Dakji, China's Sangpiji(桑皮紙) and Jukji(竹紙) and Japan's Anpiji(雁皮紙) seemed to have all been used, so because of the difference among countries, we can prove that Korea has also produced gold thread. By looking at the research, the base of gold threads and making features hugely vary according to the area.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1260-1262
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• 2002

A particular type of ginseng that grows in mountainous regions of Korea is known as Sansam, a term meaning literally mountain grown ginseng. Sansam has recently gained a reputation among some Korean people who believe its health benefits are superior to that of other types of ginseng. Misuse of Sansam has resulted from misinformation that has circulated about the health benefits of its use. Due to insufficient study and research, Korean Oriental Medicine academia does not presently have enough credible information about Sansam to properly educate the public in its use. However, we do have a responsibility to perform adequate study and research so that correct information may be provided. To date, only cursory investigation of the physical characteristics of the Sansam plant have been conducted. This limited investigation was performed in July 2002, at Sobaek Mountain. The branches, leaves, stems, peduncles, fruits, and roots (head, main and fine roots) were observed. The fine roots grew and spread in a large area around the main roots so that harvesting the plants required digging out the soil a considerable distance from the main roots. The plants grew in a northwesterly direction, with a gradient of 40 degrees. They had four branches. Three of the branches had six leaves, while one had five leaves. Each plant had 40 fruits. The roots of the plants grew in a shape similar the Chinese character for mountain. The roots were milky in color. The average weight of the plants was 42.5 grams.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.167-178
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• 2014

The populations of Pinus densiflora in South Korea were grouped into 4 types; Community of Pinus densiflora-Quercus serrata, Community of Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica, Community of Pinus densiflora-Fraxinus sieboldiana & Rhus javanica & Quercus mongolica and Community of Pinus densiflora-Prunus sargentii & Rhododendron mucronulatum. The Shannon diversity index was varied between 0.9171 and 1.5016, while the Similarity index was varied between 43.18 and 72.16. The species of Pinus densiflora are correlated positively significant with Carex humilis var. nana, Quercus serrata and Atractylodes ovata and negatively significant with Aster scaber and Sorbus alnifolia in order. According to the Correlation analysis, the relationship between the distribution of Pinus densiflora populations and the environment factors are closely related with the character of forest soil. Thus types for Pinus densiflora are differed. pH, Ex. K and Ex. Ca of Pinus densiflora populations effect No. of species and H'(shannon index). Canopy open effects No. of Individuals of Pinus densiflora community.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2003

In this research, multiple corrosion factors of buried environments were measured in order to establish a formula for the corrosion character of corrugated steel structures in domestic environments. By substituting corrosion factors for each predicting formula, the durable lifetime was measured, and the measured lifetime was compared with the estimated lifetime by applying existing thickness-measuring techniques. A new usage standard was proposed with these results, in order to create the conclusion below. There are known differences in the soil factors used as variables in estimating the duration caused by the seasonal effects of rainfall and temperature. Comparing the durable lifetime estimated by each predicting formula, the findings show that the California technique is conservative. This study demonstrates that the error range of the AISI technique, which is mostly used as a duration technique, is a very narrow predicting technique as compared with many other countries. Considering that there is on average, a 13% error margin in this study, a proposed safety factor of 0.87 could be used to more accurately predict the duration. The laying time in the California technique is not longer than the whole durability, and as a result, this error margin exists. It is concluded that this study on the open area has been overdue. Based on these findings, it's proposed that this error margin should be applied to the domestic environment through periodic observation, in order to establish the predicting techniques of durable lifetime.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.655-663
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• 2010

Today, the importance of environmental education is a matter we are all concerned about. The environment surrounding us, such as the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the soil plants grow in, is critical for our survival. Currently there is a lot of interest in environmental education at the elementary, middle, and high school levels. This is a result of the deep recognition of the importance of the environment. However the environmental education being conducted in schools is not yet at a satisfactory level. The practical issues, including an entrance exam-oriented atmosphere, student' and parents' lack of understanding, and teachers' lack of expertise in environmental education, interfere with the stability of environmental curriculum in the schools. Accordingly, we need to devise an alternative environmental curriculum due to the fact that it hasn't been included as a regular subject in the curriculum of many national schools. This study, carried out from April to December 2009, was an examination of the effect of volunteer work at the place of ecology experience on the environmental sensitivity & state-trait anxiety of the 61 Gifted Students. The students were divided into two groups. The test group consisted of 30 gifted students who did volunteer work at the place of ecology experience run by Ulsan Science High School, in Ulsan Metropolitan City. The control group consisted of the rest of the students. The following are the study results: First, the volunteer work at the place of ecology experience was influential in increasing the environmental sensitivity of the gifted students. Second, the volunteer work at the place of ecology experience was influential in decreasing the state anxiety of in gifted students. Third, the volunteer work at the place of ecology experience was influential in decreasing the trait anxiety of in gifted students. Fourth, the volunteer work at the place of ecology experience positively influenced not only the gifted students' view of environmental education, but also their overall character.