• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지진공학회 2002년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.109-116
• /
• 2002

Since experimental evaluation of underground RC structures considering interaction with surrounding soil medium is quite difficult to be simulated, the evaluation for the underground RC structures using an analytical method can be applied very usefully. For underground structures interacted with surrounding soils, it is important to consider path-dependent RC constitutive model, soil constitutive model, and interface model between structure and soil, simultaneously. In this paper, an elastoplastic interface model which consider thickness of interface is proposed and applied for the analysis considering the interaction. Failure mechanism of underground RC box of two story and two box subway station under seismic action is obtained and the effects of ductility of intermediate column to entire underground RC system are investigated through analysis.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 초청강연 및 논문집
• /
• pp.1036-1041
• /
• 2008

In order to analysis the reason of sliding failure in embankment slope under construction in soft soil area, a model section located in Gimhae Region in Gyeongsangnam-Do, where the sliding failure had been occurred during embankment works in soft soil area, had been selected. This area had been firstly treated with the Pack Drain Method, and additional embankment works of 9.7 meters out of total 14 meters in thickness had been under construction. The results of analysis showed that the reason of sliding failure were overspeed in embankment construction and the overestimation of design factors in calculating strength of each layer of embankment and poor management and inaccuracy reading of measurement devices.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.45-50
• /
• 2002

In the last century, mainly our cultures destroyed a lot of ourselves as well as of our natural environment by deterioration, pollution and exploitation. Building activities are for a third responsible for these disasters and they are fully the reason for the growing Sick Building Syndrome. In result, Materials of the building should be derived as much as possible from nature, and walls should be made of yellow soil, or of bricks made from yellow soil The adobe can easily have larger or smaller dimensions, and different thickness as weil, according to the purpose for which they are meant, and the structural load-bearing function they have to fulfill. In spite of the importance of clay, research or experiment of clay has been quite weak. However, in stead of endowing the clay with the value as natural architectural material, we want to evaluate it as an important element of the environment.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.534-539
• /
• 2001

This paper presents the critical speed analysis of geogrid-reinforced rail roadbeds on soft soil. A rail roadbed on soft ground must be designed to avoid intolerable stress in the underlying soil and to give sufficient support for the rail system. At high speeds, the deformation of rail systems will gain dynamic amplification, and reach excessive values as a certain speed, here termed critical speed is approached. The elastic Winkler foundation model was used to predict the critical speed of geogrid-reinforced rail roadbeds on soft soil and the model properties were determined by the in-situ cyclic plate load test. Based on the parametric study of elastic beam on Winkler foundation model, the critical speed increase with the increase of the flexural risidity of subgrade EI and the stiffness coefficient of Winkler foundation k. From the in-situ cyclic load tests and analysis of elastic beam on Winkler foundation model, the critical speed increase with increase in number of reinforced layer and non-dimensional value for depth of first geogrid layers and the thickness of reinforced rail roadbed u/d.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.459-468
• /
• 1997

To optimize the design and operation of a soil- air heat exchanger system, the effects of variables characterizing system design and operation on the performance of the system were analyzed by a theoretical model which included the three-dimensional transient heat conduction equation. The solution of the theoretical model was acquired by a computer program that uses Finite Difference Methods and Gauss-Seidel iteration computation, in which the time discretization scheme was an implicit difference appoximation. The computer program was validated first by comparison of the results for different grid sizes. Air outlet temperature, energy gain, and heat exchange efficiency of the system were analyzed based upon the tube diameter, tube length, tube thickness, and tube thermal diffusivity.

• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.321-332
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study is to analyze landslide that occurred in Yongin area in 1991 using spatial database. For this, landslide locations are detected from aerial photographs interpretation and field survey. The locations of landslide, topography, soil, forest and geology were constructed to spatial database using Geographic Information System (GIS). To establish occurrence factors of landslide, slope, aspect and curvature of topography were calculated from the topographic database. Texture, material, drainage and effective thickness of soil were extracted from the soil database, and type, age, diameter and density of wood were extracted from the forest database. Lithology was extracted from the geological database, and land use was classified from the TM satellite image. Landslide was analyzed using spatial correlation between the landslide and the landslide occurrence factors by bivariate probability methods. GIS was used to analyze vast data efficiently and statistical programs were used to maintain specialty and accuracy. The result can be used to prevention of hazard, land use planning and construction planning as basic data.

• 동굴
• /
• 제61호
• /
• pp.17-46
• /
• 2000

Mt. Jabyeong(872.5m), limestone region in the Taebaek mountains, located in 37° 32'N, 129° 25'E and in Sangye-ri, Okgye-myeon, Gangreung-si and Samok-ri, Imgye-myeon, Jeongseon-gun, Gangwon-do. The purposes of this study were to investigate the floristic composition from 1997 to 1998 in Mt. Jabyeong and report the distribution of Korean endemic plants, rare and vulnerable plants, calcicoles and calci fuges, The vascular plants in this area were composed of 93 families, 313 genera, 3 subspecies, 57 varieties, 13 forms, 495 species, totaling 568 taxa. Among the vascular plants, 21 taxa were Korean endemic plants and 7 taxa were rare and vulnerable plants. Calcicole and calcifuge plants in this study area were composed of 21 families, 30 genera, 36 species and 14 families, 15 genera, 17 species. The soil pH values of study site in Mt. chabyoung were ranging 7.4∼8, which showed that this site was a mostly limestone area with alkaline soil. And soil depth was formed to a relative thin layer, mostly 2～4cm thickness. This site showed high content of moisture and organic matter which were ranging 40-45% and 15-25%, respectively.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제42권5호
• /
• pp.364-370
• /
• 2009

벼 재배시 하해혼성층 논토양의 전북통과 지산통 작토층과 경반층의 특성을 2년간(2005~2006)조사 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 하해혼성층적층 대표토양인 전북통과 곡간충적층 대표토양인 지산통을 10개소에서 조사한 결과 작토심은 전북통 12.6 cm, 지산통 12.7 cm 이었고 플라우 경운깊이는 120필지에서 조사한 결과 10.5 cm 이었으며 전북통에서 경도와 작토심과는 부의 상관을, 경도와 경반층 두께와는 정의 상관을 나타냈다. 경반층 경도는 전북통 $14.7kg\;cm^{-2}(25.3mm)$, 지산통 $8.7kg\;cm^{-2}(22.1mm)$ 이었고, 두께는 전북통 22.3 cm, 지산통 17.8 cm 이었으며 경반층 출현깊이는 전북통 15 cm, 지산통 20 cm에 있었다. 경반층 지온은 작토층과의 차이를 보면 전북통에서는 봄 $-2.0^{\circ}C$, 여름 $-2.5^{\circ}C$, 가을 $-1.0^{\circ}C$를 지산통은 봄 $-2.1^{\circ}C$, 여름 $-1.8^{\circ}C$, 가을 $-0.7^{\circ}C$를 나타냈고 전북통에서 산화환원전위차 변화는 작토층은 유수형성기부터 환원상태를 경반층은 출수후기까지 산화상태를 나타냈다. 토양물리성은 두 토양통 공히 경반층에서 용적밀도, 고상율이 높고 공극율, 기상율이 낮았다. 또한 토양화학성은 경반층에서 총질소가 낮았고, 유기물 및 유효 인산함량이 적은 반면에 pH가 높고, 유효규산, 치환성칼슘 및 마그네슘 함량이 많았다. 양이온치환용량은 전북통에서 작토층 및 경반층 비슷한 경향이었으나 지산통은 경반층에서 다소 낮은 경향을 나타냈다. 무기태질소 함량은 토양통 공히 작토층에서 많았고, 가용성 미량성분 함량은 경반층에서 많았으며 지산통에서 많은 경향을 나타냈다. 감수심은 전북통에서 심경구, 지산통 경운구는 로타리구보다 빠르고, 계절별 감수심 변화는 6월 하순까지는 감수심이 빨랐으나 7~8월에는 1~3 mm로 늦었으며 9월부터는 빠른 경향을 나타냈다. 벼 뿌리분포는 로타리 25 cm, 심경 30 cm, 경운 20 cm까지 신장하였고, 출수기 뿌리 건물중은 심경>로타리>경운 순으로 무거웠다.

• 터널과지하공간
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.362-367
• /
• 2001

지반에서 겨울에 발생할 수 있는 단단한 상부층은 방진벽의 진동차단성능을 변화시킬 수 있다. 본 논문은 상부에 단단한 층이 존재하는 층진 지반(layered soil)에서 표면파의 진동전파와 강성 방진벽의 진동차단 성능에 관한 것이다. 연구는 이차원문제로, 경계요소법을 이용한 수치해석적 방법에 의해 수행되었으며, 진동원은 수직방향으로 조화가 진을 받는 줄기초이다. 검토된 지반은 세 가지로, 균질의 반무한 지반과, 단단한 상부층의 두께를 달리하는 두 개의 지반이다. 단단한 상부층을 갖는 지반에서는 굴절의 지반과 비교하여 아주 커다란 진폭의 감소가 나타났으며, 진동전파 속도의 경우, 물성치에 의해 계산으로 구해지는 진동전파 속도만큼의 크기가 나타나지 않았다. 더욱이 동결지반에서의 진폭은 비동결지반에서 보다 거리에 따라 아주 작은 값이 구해졌다.

• 한국지구과학회지
• /
• 제25권8호
• /
• pp.764-773
• /
• 2004

산불지역 토양의 침식양상을 구분하기위하여 강원도 강릉시 사천면 일대의 산불지역 토양을 조사하였다. 토양은 유기물의 분포양상 및 토양층의 두께, 토양층 발달의 완전성(성숙도)를 근거로 5개 유형으로 구분하였다. 침식 현상은 토양의 유형에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 나뭇잎, 낙엽층, 뿌리, 재 그 밖의 유기물의 피복이 토양의 색과 영상 이미지 반사에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요인이었다. 침식양상의 차이를 보이는 5개 유형의 토양의 Landsat ETM 영상은 토양 유형별로 상이한 반사특성을 보였다. 산불지역 토양의 정규식생지수(NDVI)와 무감독 분류는 토양유형에 따른 Landsat ETM 영상 차이를 잘 반영하기 못하였으나, 최대우도법에 의한 감독분류 기법의 적용시 산불지역에서 침식형태에 따른 토양유형 구분이 가능하였다. 본 연구는 산불지역에서 침식현상을 파악하고 예측하는데 Landsat ETM 영상의 활용이 매우 효과적임을 보여주었다.