• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제8D권3호
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• pp.241-246
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• 2001

소프트웨어공학에서 소프트웨어 측정분야는 30년 이상 수많은 연구가 있어 왔으나 아직까지 구체적인 소프트웨어 비용추정 모델이 없는 실정이다. 만약 소프트웨어 비용-개발노력을 측정하려면 소프트웨어 규모를 추정해야 한다. 많은 소프트웨어 척도가 개발되었지만 가장 일반적인 척도가 LOC(line of code)와 FPA(Function Point Analysis)이다. FPA는 소프트웨어 규모를 측정하는데 LOC를 사용할 때의 단점을 극복할 수 있는 기법이다. 본 논문은 FP와 기능 구성요소 형태들로 측정된 소프트웨어 규모로 소프트웨어 개발 노력을 추정하는 신경망 모델을 제안한다. 24개 소프트웨어 개발 프로젝트 사례연구를 통해 적합한 신경망 모델을 제시하였다. 또한, 희귀분석 모델과 신경망 모델을 비교하여 신경망 모델의 추정 정확성이 보다 좋음을 보였다.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.185-198
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• 1995

본 연구는 소프테워어의 품질을 평가하기 위한 소프트웨어 품질평가 도구의 개발 에 관한 것으로 소프트웨어 품질을 평가하기 위한 체계를 구축하고 소프트웨어 품질 평가 활동을 지원하는 소프트웨어 품질평가도구를 개발하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 소 프트웨어 품질평가 체계는 GQM(Goal-Question-Metrics) 방법론에 의거하여 프로그램의 기능성, 유지보수성, 복잡성 및 객체지향성에 대한 부분을 포함하는 체계로 구성한다. 또한 소프트웨어 품질평가 도구는 개발자, 구매자 및 이용자간의 주관적인 요소를 배 제한 형태로 자동화된 평가를 행하는 것으로 소프트웨어 분석 시스템과 분석 과정을 일관성있게 지원하는 사용자 인터페이스에 대한 부분으로 구분된다. 본 논문의 목적은 소프트웨어 품질을 소프트웨어 개발 중이나 개발 완료후에 평가하여 소프트웨어 개발 비용과 유지보수 비용을 감소함으로써 소프트웨어의 생산성을 향상시키는 것이다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제36권11호
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• pp.891-900
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• 2009

소프트웨어의 수명이 길어짐에 따라, 소프트웨어 유지보수비용을 줄이기 위한 기법에 대한 연구의 중요도가 높아지고 있다. 소프트웨어 엔티티들간의 커플링(Coupling)정보는 소스코드 분석 및 리팩토링등의 소프트웨어 유지보수에 활동에서 의사결정시 정량적인 근거자료로 유용하게 사용되고 있다. 논리적 커플링(Logical Coupling)은 소프트웨어가 진화하는 과정에서 관측된 엔티티들간의 관계성 정도를 나타낸다. 논리적커플링이 처음 소개된 이후로, 커플링의 단위를 상세화 하는 연구가 발표됨으로써, 큰 단위의 엔티티간 논리적커플링으로는 설명할 수 없는 소프트웨어의 특성들이 설명되었다. 하지만, 기존 연구는 프로젝트 구성원들의 성향 및 프로젝트의 특성을 고려하지 못 하였다. 본 연구는 버전관리시스템의 변경기록에 담겨있는 프로젝트 구성원들의 성향과 프로젝트 자체의 특징을 고려한 다중관점 기반의 논리적커플링 측정기법을 제안하고, 오픈소스프로젝트를 통해 제안하는 기법을 검증하였다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2024

To grasp the structure of an industry and monitor its changes, it is essential to utilize relevant statistics. Various statistics are being compiled regarding the software (SW) industry, presenting diverse numerical values. However, without a precise understanding of the scope and measurement methods inherent to each statistic, gaining a rigorous understanding of the industry's structure and evolving trends becomes challenging. Moreover, significant discrepancies between similar statistics often lead to confusion among users. In the software (SW) industry, key statistics commonly used include SW production value and SW market size. As of 2022, the annual domestic SW production value is reported as 77.4 trillion KRW (based on ICT Survey), while the SW market size for the same year is stated as 38.5 trillion KRW (according to IDC data). Although production value and market size may seem conceptually similar, there is approximately a twofold difference between the figures provided. Without understanding the meanings of each statistic and the differences between them, there are limitations in utilizing these statistics effectively. While statistics are utilized for various purposes such as policy development or causal analysis of policy using statistical raw data, research that presents and analyzes the precise meanings and limitations of each SW-related statistic is virtually non-existent. Thus, this study aims to compare and analyze the methodologies and differences among key statistics used to represent the SW industry: SW production value, SW market size, and SW GDP statistics. Through this analysis, the goal is to contribute to a better understanding of the SW industry's structure and enable more accurate and rigorous utilization of relevant statistics.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.49-62
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• 1998

소프트웨어 대한 사용자의 요구를 충족시키기 위해 많은 기능을 가지는 방대한 규모의 소프트웨어가 개발되고 있다. 그러나 일반적으로 사용자는 소프트웨어의 부분적인 기능만을 사용하는 경우가 대부분이다. 많은 기능을 가지고 있는 소프트웨어에서 필요한 기능만을 남기고 불필요한 기능을 제거하여 구축할 경우 프로그램의 전체 사이즈가 줄어 실행 효율이 향상되고 그 프로그램을 유사 시스템에 재사용할 수 있으므로 결과적으로 소프트웨어의 품질을 높일 수 있게 된다. 소프트웨어의 품질에 관한 국제표준인 ISO/IEC 9126에서는 기능성, 신뢰성, 사용성, 효율성, 보수성, 이식성 등의 6항목을 정의하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 품질특성 중 효율성에 초점을 맞추어 효율성의 측정을 위한 외부특성과 내부특성에 관련된 메트릭스를 제안하고 효율성을 향상시키기 위한 기본적인 방안으로 소스 코드에 대한 간소화 방안을 제안하였다. 또한, 제안된 효율성에 메트릭스에 대해 실제 개발 프로젝트에 적용하여 평가 결과를 기술하고 문제점과 개선방안을 예시하였다.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.153-168
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• 2009

기업과 정부는 경쟁력 제고와 효율성 확보를 위해 지속적인 정보화사업을 추진하고 있다. 정보화사업의 규모가 커짐에 따라 정보시스템 개발 규모를 측정하고 비용을 예측하는 일이 중요해지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 정보전략계획 단계에서 정보시스템 개발 규모를 합리적으로 측정하기 위하여 기능점수를 활용하는 과정을 설명한다. 정보전략계획의 산출물로부터 프로젝트 종류를 식별하고, 기능점수 산출 범위와 경계를 정의한 후, 데이터 기능과 트랜잭션 기능으로 나누어 기능점수를 계산한다. 특히, 정보전략계획 단계에서 불명확한 기능점수의 복잡도 계산을 하기 위하여 간이기능점수를 활용한다. 합리적인 정보시스템 규모 예측은 투입공수와 사업 대가를 결정함으로써 성공적인 정보화 사업을 수행하는 밑거름이 될 것이다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.399-408
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare volume measurements obtained using 2 image software packages on Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images acquired from 1 multidetector computed tomography and 5 cone-beam computed tomography devices, using different protocols for physical volume measurements. Materials and Methods: Four pieces of bovine leg were prepared. Marrow was removed from 3 pieces, leaving cortical bone exposed. The resulting space of 1 piece was filled with water, another was filled with propylene glycol, and the third was left unfilled. The marrow in the fourth sample was left fully intact. Volume measurements were obtained after importing DICOM images into the Dolphin Imaging 11.95 and ITK-SNAP software programs. Data were analyzed using 3-way analysis of variance with a generalized linear model to determine the effects of voxel size, software, and content on percentage mean volume differences between tomographic protocols. A significance level of 0.05 was used. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficients for intraobserver and interobserver reliability were, respectively, 0.915 and 0.764 for the Dolphin software and 0.894 and 0.766 for the ITK-SNAP software. Three sources of statistically significant variation were identified: the interaction between software and content (P=0.001), the main effect of content (P=0.014), and the main effect of software (P=0.001). Voxel size was not associated with statistically significant differences in volume measurements. Conclusion: Both content and software influenced the accuracy of volume measurements, especially when the content had gray values similar to those of the adjacent tissues.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose an image retrieval algorithm for real-time processing and design it as hardware. The proposed method is based on the classification of BoWs(Bag of Words) algorithm and proposes an image search algorithm using bit stream. K-fold cross validation is used for the verification of the algorithm. Data is classified into seven classes, each class has seven images and a total of 49 images are tested. The test has two kinds of accuracy measurement and speed measurement. The accuracy of the image classification was 86.2% for the BoWs algorithm and 83.7% the proposed hardware-accelerated software implementation algorithm, and the BoWs algorithm was 2.5% higher. The image retrieval processing speed of BoWs is 7.89s and our algorithm is 1.55s. Our algorithm is 5.09 times faster than BoWs algorithm. The algorithm is largely divided into software and hardware parts. In the software structure, C-language is used. The Scale Invariant Feature Transform algorithm is used to extract feature points that are invariant to size and rotation from the image. Bit streams are generated from the extracted feature point. In the hardware architecture, the proposed image retrieval algorithm is written in Verilog HDL and designed and verified by FPGA and Design Compiler. The generated bit streams are stored, the clustering step is performed, and a searcher image databases or an input image databases are generated and matched. Using the proposed algorithm, we can improve convenience and satisfaction of the user in terms of speed if we search using database matching method which represents each object.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.521-532
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• 2021

Present paper focuses on the modeling of size effect on the compressive strength of normal concrete with the application of Discrete Element Method (DEM). Test specimens with different size and shape were cast and uniaxial compressive strength test was performed on each sample. Five different concrete mixes were used, all belonging to a different normal strength concrete class (C20/25, C30/37, C35/45, C45/55, and C50/60). The numerical simulations were carried out by using the PFC 5 software, which applies rigid spheres and contacts between them to model the material. DEM modeling of size effect could be advantageous because the development of micro-cracks in the material can be observed and the failure mode can be visualized. The series of experiments were repeated with the model after calibration. The relationship of the parallel bond strength of the contacts and the laboratory compressive strength test was analyzed by aiming to determine a relation between the compressive strength and the bond strength of different sized models. An equation was derived based on Bazant's size effect law to estimate the parallel bond strength of differently sized specimens. The parameters of the equation were optimized based on measurement data using nonlinear least-squares method with SSE (sum of squared errors) objective function. The laboratory test results showed a good agreement with the literature data (compressive strength is decreasing with the increase of the size of the specimen regardless of the shape). The derived estimation models showed strong correlation with the measurement data. The results indicated that the size effect is stronger on concretes with lower strength class due to the higher level of inhomogeneity of the material. It was observed that size effect is more significant on cube specimens than on cylinder samples, which can be caused by the side ratios of the specimens and the size of the purely compressed zone. A limit value for the minimum size of DE model for cubes and cylinder was determined, above which the size effect on compressive strength can be neglected within the investigated size range. The relationship of model size (particle number) and computational time was analyzed and a method to decrease the computational time (number of iterations) of material genesis is proposed.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2023

Large software systems are being produced with a noticeably higher level of quality with component-based software engineering (CBSE), which places a strong emphasis on breaking down engineered systems into logical or functional components with clearly defined interfaces for inter-component communication. The component-based software engineering is applicable for the commercial products of open-source software. Software metrics play a major role in application development which improves the quantitative measurement of analyzing, scheduling, and reiterating the software module. This methodology will provide an improved result in the process, of better quality and higher usage of software development. The major concern is about the software complexity which is focused on the development and deployment of software. Software metrics will provide an accurate result of software quality, risk, reliability, functionality, and reusability of the component. The proposed metrics are used to assess many aspects of the process, including efficiency, reusability, product interaction, and process complexity. The details description of the various software quality metrics that may be found in the literature on software engineering. In this study, it is explored the advantages and disadvantages of the various software metrics. The topic of component-based software engineering is discussed in this paper along with metrics for software quality, object-oriented metrics, and improved performance.