• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.349-356
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• 2012

In the diagnosis of coronary artery atheromatous plaque, Cardiac computed tomography (Cardiac Computed Tomographic Angiography: CCTA) compared with IVUS(Intravascular Ultrasound: IVUS) investigate the diagnostic accuracy, Interested in CCTA atheromatous plaque in computed tomography values (Hounsfield Unit: HU) try to find out. From April 2006 to August 2008 among coronary artery disease(Coronary Artery Disease: CAD) patients with confirmed or suspicious of CAD by CCTA performed atherosclerotic plaques and found 200 patients who underwent IVUS were enrolled. 200 patients who underwent CCTA and IVUS results from the 476 plaque was found, IVUS results of the soft plaque(n; 84), fibrous plaque(n; 63), mixed plaque (n; 97), calcific plaque(n; 232). The results are classified according to the IVUS plaque in HU in the soft plaque : $53.8{\pm}10.5$, fibrous plaque : $108.1{\pm}20.0$, mixed plaque : $371.2{\pm}113.1$, and calcific plaque : $731.0{\pm}160.4$. CCTA had sensitivity of 97% and confidence interval of 95.0-98.3. This study that is the diagnosis of coronary atheromatous plaque for using CCTA, we confirm the high sensitivity and the confidence interval Based on IVUS results CCTA atheromatous plaque with HU in the analysis could be classified to characterize in the treatment of patients with CAD is expected to help.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.164-171
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• 2018

To improve the oral health status of Korean people, it is necessary to encourage proper oral hygiene management habits, such as toothbrushing, through appropriate health promotion techniques. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the removal of plaque and tooth abrasion using ultra-soft (filament 0.11~0.12 mm) and soft toothbrushes for toothbrushing. The plaque removal was performed using a dentiform and Arti-spray, and the Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) index was calculated as the sum total score divided by the total number of surfaces. In the abrasivity experiment, according to the number of brushings, a micro Vickers hardness tester was used, and a sample in the range of 280~380 Vickers hardness number was selected. The number of toothbrushing stroke were 1,800 (2 months), 5,400 (6 months), 10,800 (12 months), and 21,600 (24 months). The tooth abrasion was measured using a scanning electron microscope. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 and a p-value <0.05 was considered significant. According to the results, there was no statistically significant difference in the degree of plaque removal between ultra-soft and soft toothbrushes. The difference in tooth abrasion between before and after toothbrushing was found to be greater with the soft toothbrushes than with the ultra-soft toothbrushes. Therefore, the ultra-soft toothbrush not only lowers tooth damage by reducing tooth abrasion, but also shows a similar ability to remove plaque as soft toothbrushes.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.561-573
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• 1997

The keratinized mucosa around the implant is an important key in health of soft tissue and hard tissue. The purpose of this study is showed that the keratinized mucosa is associated with the keratinized mucosa index, plaque index, gingival index, probing depth. which is investigated to observing the peri-implant mucosa of mandibular partial edentulous patuent using periodontal parameter by previously published paper. It was estimated 6 site with regard to 80 fixture for 28 person, and the average age is 46.8. Each estimation is the order of less trauma, that is, plaque index, keratinized mucosa index, gingival index and probing depth. In this study, statstically analyzed treatment is used for Spss V 7.0 for Windows(Spss Inc, USA). The Kruskal Walis Test is used to compare the amount of the keratinized mucosa is into the $0{\sim}3$ index, with plaque index, gingival index and probing depth. Mann-whitney Test is used to interpreate the relation of plaque index and probing depth, which is showed significant difference. The Result are as follows 1. The kertinized mucosa index 3 amounts to 47.7%, which is much higher than the other indices and the index order is followed 3, 1, 2 and O. 2. The plaque index 1 amounts to 61.7%, which is much higher than the other indices and the index order is followed 1, 2, 3 and O. The plaque index 0 is significant to each of index(P<0.05). The plaque index is decrease as the keratinized mucosa index is increased. 3. The probing depth for 2mm, 1mm, 3mm is 48.9%, 23.5%, 16.8% respectively, which is most occupied. The probing depth 2mm and 3mm for the keratinized mucosa index is significant(P<0.05). The probing index is decreased as the keratinized mucosa index is increased. 4. The gingival index 0 amounts to 58.0%, which is much higher than the other indices and the index order is followed 0, 1, 2 and 3.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.14-24
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• 1999

The purpose of study was to develop new dental plaque disclosants which could replace erythrosine. Three food coloring agents(Red No.40, Blue No.1, and Mixed Green), erythrosine and fluorescein were tested for their color difference, antibacterial property, and biocompatibility. Color difference of Red No.40 was greater than that of erythrosine as concentration of solution increased. Color differences of Blue No.1 and Mixed Green were smaller than that of red dyes. Erythrosine showed obvious antibacterial property, but food coloring agents showed almost no antibacterial property. The taste and sensation of erythrosine was the worst, and the taste of Red No.40 and the sensation of Mixed Green were the most tolerable. Erythrosine stained dental plaque and oral soft tissue most deeply and long, and Blue No.1 was the next in the depth and longevity of stain.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.187-197
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of peri-implant soft tissue and bone thickness on the early dimensional change of peri-implant soft tissue. Seventy-seven non-submerged implants of 39 patients which had been loaded more than 6 months were selected for the study. Following clinical parameters were measured; bucco-lingual bone width of the alveolar bone for implant placement before implant surgery; distance between implant shoulder and the first bone/implant contact at the surgery; presence of plaque, probing depth, bleeding on probing, width of keratinized mucosa, mucosa thickness, distance between implant shoulder and peri-implant mucosa, crown margin location at follow-up examination. The results showed that distance between implant shoulder and peri-implant mucosa (DIM) was correlated with probing depth and width of keratinized mucosa (p < 0.05). In addition, mucosa thickness was also correlated with probing depth (p<0.05). However, the bone width of alveolar bone and soft tissue thickness were not found to be correlated with DIM. It is important to understand the meaning of peri-implant tissue dimension in relation to dimensional changes of peri-implant soft tissue which designates appearance of implant-supported restorations. Future study is needed to elucidate the significance of the buccal bone thickness and soft tissue thickness with respect to the change of peri-implant soft tissue margin with the use of an instrument capable of measuring buccal bone thickness directly.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.237-242
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of this study was to clinically and radiographically evaluate and compare treatment of intrabony defects with the use of decalcified freeze-dried bone allograft in combination with a calcium sulphate barrier to collagen membrane. Methods: Twelve patients having chronic periodontal disease aged 20 to 50 years and with a probing depth >6 mm were selected. Classification of patient defects into experimental and control groups was made randomly. In the test group, a calcium sulphate barrier membrane, and in control group, a collagen membrane, was used in conjunction with decalcified freeze-dried bone graft in both sides. Ancillary parameters as well as soft tissue parameters along with radiographs were taken at baseline and after 6 months of surgery. Parameters assessed were plaque index, modified gingival index, probing depth, relative attachment level, and location of the gingival margin. A Student's t-test was done for intragroup and a paired t-test for intergroup analysis. Results: Intragroup analysis revealed statistically significant improvement in all the ancillary parameters and soft tissue parameters with no statistically significant difference in intergroup analysis. Conclusions: The study concluded that a calcium sulphate barrier was comparable to collagen membrane in achieving clinical benefits and hence it can be used as an economical alternative to collagen membrane.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.48-54
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• 2019

PURPOSE. The aim of the present randomized controlled study was to compare prefabricated all-ceramic, anatomically shaped healing abutments followed by all-ceramic abutments and all-ceramic crowns and prefabricated standard-shaped (round-diameter) titanium healing abutments followed by final titanium abutments restored with porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) implant crowns in the premolar and molar regions. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Forty-two patients received single implants restored either by all-ceramic restorations (test group, healing abutment, final abutment, and crown all made of zirconia) or conventional titanium-based restorations. Immediately after prosthetic incorporation and after 12 months of loading, implant survival, technical complications, bone loss, sulcus fluid flow rate (SFFR) as well as plaque index (PI) and implant stability (Periotest) were analyzed clinically and radiologically. RESULTS. After 12 months of loading, an implant and prosthetic survival rate of 100% was observed. Minor prosthetic complications such as chipping of ceramic veneering occurred in both groups. No statistical significant differences were observed between both groups with only a minimum of bone loss, SFFR, and PI. CONCLUSION. All-ceramic implant prostheses including a prefabricated anatomically shaped healing abutment achieved comparable results to titanium-based restorations in the posterior region. However, observational results indicate a benefit as shaping the peri-implant soft-tissue with successive provisional devices and subsequent compression of the soft tissue can be avoided.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.123-133
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• 2016

Currently increasing use of implants, especially in anterior implant esthetics has become a major concern for both the patient and dentist. In the case of thin biotype if the thickness of the gingival soft tissue is less than 2mm, human eye can detect differences of colors depends on underlying materials. The zirconia abutment can be use not only for better esthetics but also for the hygienic because it is less attractive for the plaque deposition when it compare to the metals. Zirconia itself has many advantages as a biomaterial but also has frequent mechanical problems when it use for abutment of internal connection implant. For prevention or reduction of mechanical failures, use of titanium-link with zirconia super-structure which part that connects directly into the implant can be a good alternative. In this literature, I would like to review the clinical considerations of use of titanium link - CAD/CAM zirconia abutment for dental implant in esthetically important areas.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.120-130
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• 1994

The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the effectiveness of porous hydroxyapatite (PHA) and coralline based porous calcium carbonate(PCC) as implant materials in human periodontal osseous defects. 10 adult patients having periodontitis and 2 similar angular osseous defects ${\ge}$5mm as verified by radiographic analysis and clinical probing depth ${\ge}$4mm were selected. The measurements were recorded just before surgery and after 6 month. Clinical parameters used in this study included gingival recession, pocket depth, probing attachment level, Sulcus Bleeding Index, Plaque Index, tooth mobility and bone defect depth measurements. After initial therapy, patients were treated with mucoperiosteal flap surgery. The contralateral bony defects in each patient randomly assigned to either bone graft material, one with PHA(Interpore 200) and the other with coralline based calcium carbonate(Biocoral). After 6 month both groups showed statistically significant reduction of pocket depth, Sulcus Bleeding Index, Plaque Index and significant improvement in probing attachment level. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups. There were 3.0mm or 68% of bone repair with PHA and 3.1mm, 61% with PCC. These values were likewise not significantly different. The data and clinical impression strongly suggest that both PHA and PCC are alloplastic implants with clinically apparent acceptance by the soft and hard tissue and that they can be used as bone graft materials successfully.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.255-265
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• 1996

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate dimensional consistency, bristle finishes and bristle rebound rate of four brands of $Dentichek^{(R)}$ toothbrushes(regular-male, regular-female, soft-male, soft-female) to provide referneces in product enhancement and quality control for the manufacturer and to provide suggestions in selecting appropriate toothbrushes for general public. The results are as follows : 1. The size of the head is : $25.10{\times}8.10mm$ for male toothbrushes and $19.90{\times}8.10mm$ for male toothbrushes, while the size of the bristle portion is: $29.90{\times}10.65mm$ for male toothbrushes and $25.25{\times}10.65mm$ for female toothbrushes. 2. The length of the bristles is 10.70mm in all four groups. 3. The length of the toothbrush is 192mm in all four groups. 4. The number of tuft is 43 for male toothbrushes and 35 for female toothbrushes. Tuft arrangement is 4-row configuration in all four groups. 5. The number of bristles in a tuft ranges from 40-56, with higher numbers in male toothbrushes compared to the female counterparts, and higher numbers in the "soft" variety compared to the regular ones. 6. The diameter of the bristle is : 0.21mm for the outer row and 0.19mm for the inner row in the regular brand, and 0.17mm for the soft brand. 7. Irregularly finished bristle ends comprised 20-22% of the total bristles. 8. The bristle rebound rate ranges from 55.9% to 62.3%, with higher numbers in the "soft" variety compared to the regular ones. The above results show that $Dentichek^{(R)}$ toothbrushes meet the requirements of Korean Dental Association standards for toothbrushes, but further evaluations of their effects on periodontium and plaque elimination in actual in-use situation may be needed.