• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.141-155
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to investigate Korean youth's motivations for parenthood and concepts of parental role and to examine closely the relationship with the sociodemographic variables(age, sex, religious orientation, growth region, father's occupational level, parental education degree). the subjects are 465 students of the three universities in National Capital region. The data are collected by questionnair methods and analyzed by t-test, F-test, factor analysis. The major findings are as follows: 1) The motivations for parenthood are classified into five factors. These are acquisition of social status factor, continuation of self factor, achevement and creativity factor, tradition factor, primary group ties factor. The korean youth think the most of achievement and creativity factor among five motivation factors. 2) The korean students have somewhat stereo-typed concepts of parental role and place the stress on training the behaviors of the child and encouraging the development of the child. 3) The sociodemographic variables to have relationship with the motivations for parenthood are age, sex, growth region and father and mother's educational degrees. And the variables related with the concepts of parental role are sex, father's occupational level. 4) There are relationships between traditional role concepts of a father and motivation of acquisition of social status factor and tradition factor. And traditional role concepts of a mother are related with motivations of acquisition of social status factor and primary group ties factor among the motivations for parenthood.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.63-80
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• 2009

Objectives: This study identified how personal characteristics, healthy behavior and social capital might influence on physical activity of adults. Methods: This study used data from the health survey of a city of Korea. We surveyed 1,000 adults sampled by stratified sampling methods from 67,889 households. Outcome variable was the stage of physical activity which was broken into 5 categories. Sociodemographic factors, healthy behavior, self-rated health status and social capital were used as control variables. Sociodemographic factors included age, sex, educational status, economic status measured by deprivation score, residential period within survey city. Social capital was measured by Integrated Questionnaire for the Measurement of Social Capital (SC-IQ). This study used chi-square test and ordered logistic regression models to examine the associations between independent variables and physical activity. Variables were added to the regression model in three groups using a hierarchical approach. Results: Physical activity was significantly more likely to become active if they have higher educational status, healthier behavior. Among the six dimensions of SC-IQ, only "groups and networks" that is structural dimensions of social capital and "trust and solidarity" that is cognitive dimensions of social capital were significantly related to physical activity of adults. We found that a person having higher density of membership and having larger size of networks showed the high possibility of active physical activity. A person having high solidarity was significantly associated with physical activity, but general trust was inversely related to physical activity. Output dimensions of social capital did not show significant relationship to physical activity. Conclusion: We found that social capital is useful concept to explain health behaviors like physical activity. However we must consider social, cultural and political context of the study to evaluate the effect of social capital to health status and health determinants and to capture the exact meaning of relationship between them. We suggest further researches to refine the concept of social capital and to explain the relationship of social capital to diverse health determinants.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 2008

Objectives : We examined the effect of sociodemographic factors, cancer, and psychiatric disorders on suicide by gender and age-specific patterns in South Korea. Methods : The study is a case-control study. Claim data was obtained from the national health insurance database and national death registration database. The number of people who committed suicide was 11,523, which was matched with a control group consisting of ten times as many people at 115,230 selected from the national health insurance and medical aids beneficiaries. The medical utilization of the case group was one year before death and that of the control group was from July 1,2003 to June 30, 2004. Four variables-address, economic status, presence of a psychiatric disease, and cancer-were used in multiple logistic regression analyses. Results : Living in cities or in rural areas showed a greater risk for suicide than living in a metropolitan city. Low economic status, the presence of a psychiatric disorder, and cancer were also statistically meaningful risk factors for suicide. The three major psychiatric diseases, schizophrenia, alcohol abuse, and bipolar disorder, were meaningful in all age groups, but the scale of the odds ratio differed by the age group. Only the psychiatric disorder variable was meaningful in the adolescent group, whereas a psychiatric disorder and economic status were meaningful for the young adult group, and all variables were meaningful for the middle-aged group. A psychiatric disorder and cancer were meaningful in the elderly group, economic status was meaningful for male subjects, and address was meaningful for female subjects. Conclusions : Factors such as living in city or rural areas, low economic status, the presence of a psychiatric disorder, and cancer were statistically meaningful risk factors in suicide. These factors also differed by age group. Therefore, policymakers should establish policies for suicide prevention that are relevant for each age group.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.389-398
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• 2001

Objectives : To investigate the information searching behavior of health care consumers according to sociodemographic characteristics. Methods : A questionnaire survey was conducted of 1,507 persons who were selected through a multi-stage stratified area cluster sampling of the Republic of Korea, excluding the province of Jeiu-do. Personal were conducted through a door-to-door survey between 27 July and 10 August 1999. Results : 80.5% of respondents used more than one source of information and those $40\sim59$ years of age, female, a housewife or student and those who claimed a religion demonstrated more active information searching behavior. A personal informer was used significantly more in those $20\sim39$ years old, female, and those who claimed a religion. Clerical workers, those with post-secondary education and a monthly income greater than 2,000,000 won ($1500) were more actively used a public informer. Low socioeconomic status and older persons used an experimental informer when they chose a health care institution. Conclusion : Regardless of the sociodemographic characteristics, personal and experimental informers were the most useful source of information. Because appropriate information was not easy to obtain, the health care consumer was dependent upon word-of-mouth communication(personal informer) when using health care services.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.61-65
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• 2021

Diarrheal disease is the second leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children under 5 years old worldwide, and is the most common cause of malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa. In Rwanda, diarrhea is the third leading cause of death in children under 5 years old. This study examined the association between sociodemographic factors and diarrhea in children under 5 years using the data of 7,474 households in the 2014-2015 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey. Overall prevalence of diarrhea in this study was 12.7% in children. An increased risk for diarrhea was found for children aged 12-23 months (odds ratio (OR)=4.514), those with a low economic status (OR=1.64), those from the Western province (OR=1.439), those with poorly-educated mothers (OR=5.163), and those with families engaged in agricultural activities (OR=1.624). In conclusion, sociodemographic factors significantly affect the risk of developing diarrhea in children under 5 years in Rwanda. Designing and implementing health education promoting awareness of early interventions and rotavirus vaccination are essential to reduce diarrheal diseases for the Rwandan community.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.51-63
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aims to examine factors affecting depression of Older Adults by using the data of the elderly survey conducted by the Korea Institute of Health and Social Affairs in 2020. Methods: The total sample was 4,777 people aged over 65 years old. In this study, sociodemographic variables, information devices'use behavior and discomfort variables were input to examine the effect on depression. The data was analyzed with t²-test, ANOVA and hierarchical regression by SPSS statistic program. Results: First, use behavior and discomfort of information devices and depression were significantly different by sociodemographic variables(sex, age, level of education, marital status). Secondly, regression analysis showed that age and level of education affected an influence on depression in Model 1, which analyzed only sociodemographic variables. However, Model 2, which analyzed devices' use behavior and discomfort variables at the same time, showed that they affected depression. Conclusions: It was suggested to develop customized health education and mental health promotion were needed to reduce depression in the elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.429-436
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• 2011

An individual's food-related personal traits play an important role in influencing personal food choice and habits. According to culture, their influence can manifest differently. To ascertain personal traits about food, FNS (food neophobia scale) and FIS (food involvement scale) were employed in recent studies. This study aimed to understand the food culture and food choices of East-South Asians who live or stay in Korea through comparison of FNS and FIS. Eighty Koreans and 233 East-south Asians (Indonesians, Filipinos, Malaysians, Vietnamese, Thai, Singaporeans, and Bangladeshi) completed a questionnaire to measure FNS (10 questions), FIS (12 questions), and sociodemographic conditions (9 questions). ANOVA was conducted to ascertain FNS and FIS between the groups, and regression analysis was carried out to determine which sociodemographic factors had an effect. The items were analyzed to determine the differences according to gender, age, marital status, nationality, religion, occupation, educational background, monthly income, and length of residence in Korea. FNS showed significant differences between the groups with regard to sociodemographic characteristics, except gender, age, and marital status, whereas FIS showed significant differences in gender, nationality, religion, occupation, educational background, monthly income, and length of residence in Korea. The results of the regression analysis suggest that nationality strongly affected FNS and FIS, and FIS was also affected by gender.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.347-361
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze and evaluate dietary intake between with and without hypertension. Study subjects were more than 30 years old adults (n = 3,806) who participated in the 2001 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. People who have 'self-recognition about hypertension' and 'having diet for hypertension' were excluded. Using the WHO standard, subjects were divided into the hypertensive group (SBP> 140, DBP> 90) and the normal group (SBP< 140, DBP< 90). The Body Mass Index (BMI) and the Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) of a hypertensive group were higher than those of a normal group (p < 0.01). The distribution of the subjects for smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, stress, preference of salty food were not significantly different between a normal group and a hypertensive group (p>0.05). Dietary intakes were investigated by the 24-hour recall method. When food and dish intakes analyzed by sociodemographic factors, normal group consumed more fruits than those of a hypertensive group. Statistical significant were shown at female group, residences in metropolitan area and having elementary school education (p<0.05). Hypertensive group consumed more alcoholic beverages than those of a normal group at 'age 39-39', 'aged 50-64', 'high economic status', 'low economic status' and 'residences in metropolitan' (p<0.05) The amount of intakes for fat, potassium, thiamin, vitamin C and alcohol were significantly different between the normal group and the hypertensive group (p<0.05). The highest score of the Dietary diversity score (DDS) was 4 in both normal group and hypertensive group. Normal group showed high Nutrition Density (ND) of vitamin C and hypertensive group showed high ND of sodium. In summary, these results showed that significant difference for people with hypertension were intakes of fruits, alcohol, thiamin, vitamin C. And these results differed by sociodemographic groups. Therefore, the differential approach in each group is demanded for prevention and control of the hypertension.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.107-118
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• 1998

A nutrition education program for teachers and caregivers of the preschool children can be most effective when it is based on a comprehensive needs assessment dealing with sociodemographic factors, dietary habits, and nutrition. The purpose of the present study was to investigate current dietary habits and nutrition knowledge of the teachers and caregivers of the day-care centers. Two hundred forty two teachers and caregivers were administered a questionnaire which was designed to ascertain informations on sociodemographic data, dietary habits and nutrition knowledge. Dietary habits of the teachers were found to be significantly different by sociodemographic variables; breakfast skipping/meal irregularities (age, p=0.011); frequency of snacking (education level p=0.031); preference for salty taste(age, p = 0.000, marital status p=0.038); preference for sweet tarte (age p=0.009); preference for vegetables (income level p=0.050); frequency of eating out (age p=0.028, marital status p=0.001); frequency of coffee drinking (age p=0.019). Daycare center teachers' nutrition knowledge level was found to be less than adequate expecially on nutrients that are liable to be deficient in young growing children and their food sources. Proportions of the teachers who answered correctly to the questions on foods rich in vitamin A, iron content of milk, bioavailability of calcium in plant foods were as low as 20.2%-54.5%. The most frequently used sources of nutrition information were mass media such as TV, radio, newspaper and magazines. Only 2.9% of the subjects reported that they obtain nutrition information from health professionals such as nutritionists/dietitians, physicians, and nurses. These findings are applicable at the planning and implementation stages of various nutrition programs for the improvement of dietary habits and nutrition knowledge of the teachers and caregivers of the daycare centers. Further studies are needed to investigate the effects of teachers' dietary of habits and nutrition knowledge on food habits of young growing children.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.119-131
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• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Happiness is an important factor in life, and food literacy (FL) has been emphasized as a core concept for a happy and healthy life. This study examined the level of happiness of Seoul citizens according to their sociodemographic factors and their association with FL. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study used the data from the Seoul Food Survey, a cross-sectional study conducted on 4,039 Seoul citizens from September to October 2021. FL was measured using a validated questionnaire consisting of 33 items from 3 sub-domains: 14 items in the nutrition and safety domain, 8 items in the cultural and relational domain, and 11 items in the socio-ecological domain. Statistical analysis involved descriptive statistics and multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS: Various sociodemographic factors, such as household income, subjective health status, and food insecurity, were found to be associated with the level of happiness. The level of FL was also associated with the happiness scores. After adjusting for variables associated with happiness, the participants with the highest quartile FL scores were 7.32 times more likely to respond that they were happy than those with the lowest FL score. Three FL domains and total FL showed linear increases in overall happiness after controlling for subjective health status and sociodemographic factors (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: After adjusting for the related covariates, higher levels of FL were associated with higher scores in happiness. Based on this study, it would be meaningful to evaluate ways to intervene in FL to improve the level of happiness among the general population.