• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.188-194
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• 2017

Objectives: Environmental pollution is a significant global issue. Both objective (scientifically measured) environmental pollution and perceived levels of pollution are important predictors of self-reported health. The purpose of this study was to compare the associations between perceived environmental pollution and health in China, Japan, and South Korea. Methods: Data were obtained from the East Asian Social Survey and the Cross-National Survey Data Sets: Health and Society in East Asia, 2010 (n=7938; China, n=3866; Japan, n=2496; South Korea, n=1576). Results: South Koreans perceived environmental pollution to be the most severe, while Japanese participants perceived environmental pollution to be the least severe. Although the Japanese did not perceive environmental pollution to be very severe, their self-rated physical health was significantly related to perceived environmental pollution, while the analogous relationships were not significant for the Chinese or Korean participants. Better mental health was related to lower levels of perceived air pollution in China, as well as lower levels of perceived all types of pollution in Japan and lower levels of perceived noise pollution in South Korea. Conclusions: Physical and mental health and individual socio-demographic characteristics were associated with levels of perceived environmental pollution, but with different patterns among these three countries.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.3-10
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to seek a planning approach for children's museum within Korean context that promotes community participation. A literature review method and a field survey method were used. Literature reviews on community participation paradigm, residents' participation and donation networks in community regeneration processes, and finally on case studies on children's museum in Korea were carried out. Through the field survey on Chicago Children's Museum(CCM) located in downtown Chicago, its role was identified as networking systems of community participation and donation and was verified as a socio-physical base for vitalizing donation culture that is an active and a leading community participation method. As a result, CCM has engaged many partnerships with city organizations and local schools to provide diverse and unique programs that are not only targeted to children but also parents, teachers and visitors. Also, an evolution of CCM through various types of donations and community participation was delineated. CCM was found successfully in restoring community spirit and vitalizing economical growth where it once was a decayed city area. Rather than focusing on descriptive technique of typical children's museum, this study explored how community fabric is made and acted out, through rethinking community participation's value, and how it can influence a physical space. CCM, as a good example of community participatory museum, the results can be used as a reference in planning and directing community participation based children's museums in Korea. It is significant to shed light on children's museum as an opportunity of social space which can empower community.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.48-61
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to explore the essence and meaning of the experience of 'aging', as a process of 40's and 50's women in Korea by applying the Parse's Human Becoming theory (2002). Methods: Data was collected from February to April, 2013, using the phenomenological research method. Data was collected through in-depth informal interview and analyzed following Colaizzi method. After IRB permission and informed consent from the participants, all interviews were recorded with MP3 recorder and transcribed for analysis. Results: Data analysis revealed 112 of meanings, 33 key subject words, 8 subject phrases, and 4 categories. The main themes were elaborated as 'going down' ('Being changed of body and mind', 'Being considered on my identity'), 'going up' ('Being expanded of productive role', 'Being transcendent multi-dimensionally'), 'pausing' ('Becoming more thoughtful about family', 'Looking back'), 'going forward again' ('Age is just a number, 'Contemplating of life and death'). Experiences in aging among women in 40's and 50's enlightened with Parse's theory of Human Becoming in terms of 'going down', 'going up', 'pausing', 'going forward again' appeared simultaneously, rather than consecutively. Conclusion: Women in 40's and 50's require holistic nursing intervention with physical, psychological, socio-economical, and spiritual aspects, rather than focusing on problematic physical symptom relief and prevention of further conditions. It is recommended to develop various nursing intervention considering on different environment, type of experience, and level of human becoming, individually.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1988

^x This study was executed to measure the user's psychological carrying capacity in the National Park Campsite in the district of Temple Ku- Ryong as a model of analysis, which is made socio - psychological approach. The results are as follows ; 1. Since this Place hart a beautiful scenery and some cultural assets prosperties and lies near the metroplitan area, 67.5% of the user come from the district, such as Seoul, Inchon, Kyong - Ki Do, and the purpose of camping is to appease their stress and to promote friendly relationship one another. 2. Since most of the campers(86%) didn't recognize the injury of the natural environment, the enlightment movement and the public information for the protection of natural environment are urgent. And they thought that the good campsite is located near the stream(43.6%) or a quiet place(33.4%). 3. As the space per a man increase, the degree of their satisfactions showed the tendency to increase. The user's satisfaction were analyzed by three statistic methods, correlation, multiple regression and factor analysis. Affecting factors to the user's psychology by the varimax varimax rotated factor analysis were classified physical arts ecological satisfaction. 4. The carrying capacity of the campsite by the degree of psychological satisfaction of the user was measured. The result was that the proper space for one user campsite was 35m$^2$ 5. The 58% of the informants said that they root disturbed by the overcrowding in the campsite. But most of the users thought that it was not good to control the number of the users. And the 67.3% of the respondents answered that the best method was that we control the number of the users by order of arrival if we have to control it.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.75-87
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• 2000

The aims of this study are to establish a mode of housing life style that meet the demands of families living in big cities, and the contribute to the development of a better housing life style pattern by considering metropolitan residents' choice of housing and basic concepts of their behavioral patterns. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Value orientation of family life was divided into value orientation of family and value orientation of housing. Value orientation of family was constituted of four factors such as 'harmony', 'leisure and hobbies', 'individual development and its support' , 'education' . Value orientation of housing is constituted of three factors such as 'physical characteristics of house' , '\`environmental condition', 'socio-economic conditions of housing'. The comprehensive life values were constituted of six factors such as 'the importance of communal family', 'the importance of housing decoration and housing life benefits', 'the importance of security and holding environment' , 'the importance of familial harmony', 'the importance of privacy', 'the importance of convenience and natural environment'. Based on three factors, were found to be fine types of value orientation of family life which were 'pursue healthy of family', 'comfort of family', 'clean environment', 'convenient environment', and 'harmonious relationship among family members'. Variables influencing the value orientation of family life were property and price of housing. 2. Consumption propensity when buying house, furniture and durables were constituted of four factors which were propensity to 'beauty', 'fashion', 'tradition and symbol', and 'pragmatic use'. Based on these factors, there were found to be four types of consumption propensity when buying house, furniture and durables which were 'fashion', 'tradition and symbol', 'beauty', and 'pragmatic use'. Variables influencing spending habits were found to be objective social class (SES), types of residence, wife's educational background, and price of housing. 3. Propensity to using space were constituted of three factors which were 'convenience', 'politeness and social grace', and 'housekeeping'. Based on these factors, there were found to be three types of propensity to using space which were 'individuality', 'convenience', and 'politeness and housekeeping'. Variables influencing propensity to use of space were found to be objective social class (SES), wife's educational background, types of homeownership and price of housing 4. According to this study, there were found to be six patterns of housing life style: 1) family that seeks formalist life, 2) family that seeks harmonious life, 3) family that seeks active healthy life, 4) family that combine various factors, 5) family that seeks convenience, 6) family that stresses environment.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.2 no.2 s.4
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• pp.145-189
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• 2002

This paper explores into the potential contribution of welfare science and technology(WST) to meeting the challenges of ageing. Drawing on the literature about gerontechnology, this paper considers the application of scientific knowledge for welfare of an aging population. WST for the improvement of the daily functioning of the elderly people can not only prevent, delay or compensate for the declines or impairments of coginitive and physical functions (by assistive technology) but also enhance personal ability to overcome problems either by supporting the person's abilities (by supportive technology) or by changing the environment (by public welfare technology). This paper draws attention to a paradigm change in the conceptualization of disability and its ramifications for the role of technology and aging. A range of approaches such as Barrier-Free design, Universal Design points to new directions of WST in which products and services are devised to improve the quality of life for all people, and hence enhancing the socio-economic vitality. It is suggested that the future of welfare science and technology will be based in large measure on its goal to reduce or prevent individual and structural lag in the relationships between people and their environments. Addressing issues of the broader physical and social environment will emphasize the goal of prevention and the view that environmental needs for aging population are changing over time.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.143-155
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• 2007

There are many conflicts or interests among various stakeholders on the development of the coastal area. The integrated methodology, which is reflective of physical conditions, socio-economic circumstances, and people's sense of values, is thus needed to solve the problems. In this study, geographical information systems(GIS) and analytic hierarchy process(AHP) that arc one of multi-criteria analysis methodologies are loosely coupled to develop better analytic procedures for coastal assessment. Socio-economic and environmental parameters of the study area, Hampyung Bay area, are converted to a GIS system-applicable format, while AHP is used to assess the relative importance level of each parameter by calculating weighting factors. After standardizing and rasterizing spatial data from various sources. the weighting factors are applied to produce the layers for each parameter. Map algebra and overlay analyses are used to create the final layer according to the decision making logic or model proposed here. Cell values of that layer could be considered as spatial alternatives. In addition to this finding, the flexibility with the weighing factors enable decision-makers to understand the procedures and alternatives in relevance with selective strategies for coastal management.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.176-176
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• 2019

Thailand had issued a national strategic development master plan with issues related to water resources and water security in the entire water management. Water resources are an important factor of living and development of the country's socio-economy to be stable, prosperous and sustainable. Therefore, water management in both multidimensional and multi-sectoral systems is important and will supports socio-economic and environmental development. The direction of national development in accordance with the national strategic framework for 20 years that requires the country to level up security level in terms of water, energy and food. To response to the proposed goals, there is a subplan to increase water productivity of the entire water system for economical development use by evaluating use value and to create more value added from water use to meet international standard level. This study aims to evaluate the water productivity of Thailand in each basin and all sectors such as agricultural sector, service and industrial sectors by using the water use data from water account analysis and GDP data from NESDB during the past 10 years (1996-2015). The comparison of water productivity with other countries will also be conducted and in addition, the measures to improve water productivity in next 20 years will be explored to response to the National Strategic Master Plan goals. Water productivity is defined as output per unit of water depleted. The simplest way to compare water productivity across different enterprises is in monetary terms. World Bank presents water productivity as an indication of the efficiency by which each country uses its water resources. There are two data sets used for water productivity analyses, i.e., the first is water use data at end users and the second is Gross Domestic Product. The water use at end users are estimated by water account method based on the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting for Water (SEEA-Water) concept of United Nations. The water account shows the analyses of the water balance between the use and supply of each water resource in physical terms. The water supply and use linkage in the water account analyses separated into each phases, i.e., water sources, water managers, water service providers, water user at end user under water regulators of all kinds of water use activities such as household, industrial, agricultural, tourism, hydropower, and ecological conservation uses. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP), a well- known measuring method of the national economic growth is not actually a comprehensive approach to describe all aspects of national economic status, since GDP does not take into account the costs of the negative impacts to natural resources that result from the overexploitation of development projects, however, at present, integrating the environment with the economy of a country to measure its economic growth with GDP is acceptable worldwide. The study results will show the water use at each basin, use types at end users, water productivity in each sector from 1996-2015 compared with other countries, Besides the productivity improvement measures will be explored and proposed for the National Strategic Master Plan.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2019

Urban green spaces have been contributing to the improvement of environmental, mental, and physical health for humans. In addition, recent studies showed the potential role of vegetation in reducing the amount of crime in inner-city neighborhoods at the micro-scale level. However, little is known about the positive role of urban green areas in improving urban safety at the regional level. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between urban green areas and actual outdoor crime rates, while also considering socio-demographic factors. The study area is the city of Austin, Texas, USA, which consists of 506 block groups. This study utilized socio-demographic factors based on U.S. Census data and vegetation-related factors utilizing GIS and ENVI software. For analyses, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and an ordinary least square (OLS) regression were utilized. The results from ANOVA showed that yearly crime rates per acre for areas having 0%~25% trees in their neighborhoods were 0.46% and 1.05% higher than those of having 25%~50% and >50% trees in the neighborhoods, respectively. The results from the OLS regression represented that income, NDVI and park rates in neighborhoods were negatively associated with the crime rate per acre, whereas the percentage of minorities and the percentage of teenage school dropouts were positively associated with the crime rate per acre. This study implies that urban green areas may help to improve the safety of urban areas.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.14 no.1_spc
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• pp.367-390
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• 2008

The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the college students' implicit theory of Korean creativity. This study deals with the degree to which the students exploit the creativity, and the obstacles for them to exploit the creativity. Another purpose of this study is to explore their implicit knowledge of Korean creative environments. The results are as follows. The implicit knowledge of Korean creativity could be characterized by the following key words: 'flexibility', 'application', 'transformation', 'originality', 'perseverance', 'not being stereotyped', 'esthetic flavor' and 'understanding-new-by-exploring-old'. Students thought themselves to be more or less creative. Students in art and physical education, and male students estimated themselves more creative than other discipline and female. They thought that socio-institutional factors such as educational system focused on the college entrance test are the most serious obstacles against creativity. About half of the students thought the creative persons would have been raised in poor family whereas other students thought differently. The home environment of the creative person was thought to be characterized by the words such as democratic, free and encouraging. Creative persons were thought to be maladaptive school life, but good at peer relations. This study will be used as a pioneer research which suggest a model of Korean creativity.