• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.851-861
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• 2021

The main objective of this study is to examine the government ownership effect on the United Arab Emirates (UAE) firm's corporate social responsibility (CSR). Government ownership is assumed to affect the CSR either directly or indirectly. That is by moderating the association between corporate governance and CSR. Publicly listed companies on the UAE capital markets (Abu Dhabi and Dubai) from 2010-2013 constituted the study sample. Panel data regression analyses and random effect model is used to examine the effects of board size, board independence, and audit committee characteristics on CSR. Government ownership is used as a moderator variable. The result showed that the existence of government ownership has a moderator effect on the association between corporate governance mechanisms and the CSR. Precisely, the research revealed that the audit committee characteristics become more effective in improving the firm's CSR when the government owns shares in the organization. The main contribution of this study is to examine how firm ownership structure influences good corporate governance and CSR in the UAE. The study contributes to the CSR literature by merging between the existence of governmental ownership and the power to enforce the implementation of corporate governance in an emerging country.

• 무역학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2016

본 논문은 해외시장에 진출한 현지자회사의 사회적 책임활동에 국가간 거리(distance)가 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 분석하고자 하였다. 국가간 거리는 Ghemawat(2001)의 CAGE (culture, administrative, geographic, economic) 개념을 적용하였다. 19개국 해외시장에 진출한 177개 한국기업의 자회사를 대상으로 한 분석 결과, 첫째 문화적 거리감은 자회사의 사회적 책임활동에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 전략적 CSR에 유의한 영향을 주었다. 둘째, 관리적 거리는 자회사 사회적 책임활동에 유의한 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 셋째, 지리적 거리감은 사회적 책임활동에 유의한 정(+)의 효과를 주었다. 넷째, 경제적 거리감은 자회사 사회적 책임활동과 부(-)의 관계를 갖으며 특히 반응적 CSR 활동에 영향을 주었다. 또한 해외진입동기가 시장개척지향일수록 문화적 거리가 사회적 책임활동에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 입증되었다. 이러한 결과는 국가간 거리가 사회적 책임활동에 부(-)의 영향을 미친다는 일부 선행연구와는 상이한 결과로 이는 진출국가 및 표본의 특징에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다. 결론적으로 해외진출 자회사는 현지에서의 외국인비용 등으로 인한 위험을 극복하고 정당성을 확보하기 위해 사회적 책임활동을 전략적인 수단으로 활용하는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 한국기업의 자회사를 대상으로 국제경영의 주요주제인 국가간 거리가 해외자회사의 사회적 책임활동에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 규명했다는 점에 의의가 있다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.172-180
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• 2024

Since the beginning of 2015, corporate social responsibility (CSR) models have been changing in connection with the trend towards the transition of joint value creation of corporate activities and consideration of stakeholders' interests. The purpose of the academic paper lies in empirically studying the current practice of social responsibility of transnational corporations (TNCs). The research methodology has combined the method of qualitative analysis, the method of cases of agricultural holdings in emerging markets within the framework of resource theory, institutional theory and stakeholders' theory. The results show that the practice of CSR is integrated into the strategy of sustainable development of TNCs, which determine the methods, techniques and forms of communication, as well as areas of stakeholders' responsibility. The internal practice of CSR is aimed at developing norms and standards of moral behaviour with stakeholders in order to maximize economic and social goals. Economic goals are focused not only on making a profit, but also on minimizing costs due to the potential risks of corruption, fraud, conflict of interest. The system of corporate social responsibility of modern TNCs is clearly regulated by internal documents that define the list of interested parties and stakeholders, their areas of responsibility, greatly simplifying the processes of cooperation and responsibility. As a result, corporations form their own internal institutional environment. Ethical norms help to avoid the risks of opportunistic behaviour of personnel, conflicts of interest, cases of bribery, corruption, and fraud. The theoretical value of the research lies in supplementing the theory of CSR in the context of the importance of a complex, systematic approach to integrating the theory of resources, institutional theory, theory of stakeholders in the development of strategies for sustainable development of TNCs, the practice of corporate governance and social responsibility.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.247-254
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 기업의 사회적 책임이 호텔 종사원의 조직신뢰 및 직업존중감에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 있다. 이론적 배경을 토대로 세 개의 가설을 설정하였으며 회귀분석과 AMOS로 검증하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 윤리적 책임과 기부적 책임정도가 높을 수록 조직신뢰에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, CSR과 직업존중감과의 관계에서, 기부적 책임은 내재적 가치에, 경제적 책임은 사회적 평판에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났다. 셋째, 조직신뢰와 직업존중감과의 관계에서, 조직신뢰는 내재적 가치와 사회적 평판에 유의미한 영향관계가 있음을 확인하였다. 요약하면, 호텔의 CSR중 기부적 책임이 종사원들의 조직신뢰와 직업존중감에 직간접적 영향을 미치는 핵심요인으로, 적극적 자선활동과 판매액의 일정부분을 사회에 환원함으로써 종사원의 긍정적 태도를 유도할 수 있다. 따라서 호텔은 일관된 사회적 책임활동으로 종사원들의 조직신뢰를 향상시키고 직업존중감을 높일 수 있는 정책을 시행해야 할 것이다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore the CSR activities of small enterprises in hospitality and tourism industry in South Korea. Since previous research on CSR activities has considerably focused on large enterprises whereas small enterprises have relatively less attention, this study aims to explore the characteristics of small enterprises in hospitality and tourism industry and their CSR activities. Research design, data, and methodology - The population of interest for this study was social enterprises registered in Korea Social Enterprise Promotion Agency (2016), and it was used to verify the social enterprises which has a certification for social enterprises. From 1672 companies in total, the sampling frame was a database with 117 companies in hospitality and tourism industry. This study investigates social enterprises' CSR activities on the company's official websites (e.g., company reports, magazines, the news articles, and interviews). The websites of the selected enterprises in hospitality and tourism industry were analyzed for examining CSR activities by the quantitative content analysis. All of the CSR activities in small social enterprises were classified into six dimensions based on the stakeholder theory. Results - The findings of this study provide the characteristics of the 117 small social enterprises and their specific CSR initiatives. A total of eight main business lines were identified: 1) fair travel, 2) leisure/sports, 3) accommodation/camping, 4) medical tourism, 5) exhibitions/art events/cultural events, 6) leisure activities for vulnerable social groups, 7) Korean traditional culture, and 8) ecotourism/agricultural tourism. The CSR initiatives were classified into six dimensions: 1) environment, 2) employment, 3) multicultural families and vulnerable social groups, 4) local community, 5) economic prosperity, and 6) product. Conclusions - This study revealed the special CSR initiative examples of small enterprises in hospitality and tourism industry. Small social enterprises participate in CSR activities mainly related to their own business lines. Moreover, these enterprises are more closely embedded in their local community development, job creation and education for local residents and vulnerable social groups, and traditional heritage preservation. The findings of this study provide theoretical and practical implications and they can contribute to enrich CSR with literature for small enterprises in hospitality and tourism industry.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.155-170
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• 2015

This study examines whether CSR (corporate social responsibility) activities of the public sector affect on its corporate evaluation in their perspective of consumers. Both public and private sectors are being encouraged to conduct the CSR activities in the four dimensions of economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic responsibility. While many previous studies have examined the relationship between CSR and corporate's business performance, these studies focus on the private companies, not the public sector. In this paper, we offer a consumer-side study about the effect of CSR on the corporate evaluation on the public sector. The purpose of this study is to understand the effect of fit of CSR activity, perceived engagement, and perceived authenticity on the consumer's corporate evaluation of the public sector. We conducted two quasi-experiments involving 223 respondents using the actual CSR cases of two Korean public sectors. As a result, consumer's perception of engagement and authenticity about the CSR of public sector affects the corporate evaluation in a positive way. The 3-way interaction effect among fit of CSR activity, perceived engagement, and perceived authenticity was significant in corporate evaluation. To achieve successful CSR of the public sector, the public organizations need to increase the communication with their consumers and to implement the strategic CSR activities which can improve the consumer's perception of authenticity about CSR.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권10호
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• pp.161-169
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• 2020

The condition of mining companies that exploit natural resources in their business processes underline this research to emphasize on social and environmental issues. After twelve years of government regulation on CSR practices, this study investigates the factors that influence mining companies in disclosing information about corporate social responsibility based on legitimacy, stakeholders, and agency theory. Thus, independent variables are foreign ownership, company size, leverage, and the board of commissioners. The dependent variable is the corporate social reporting disclosure that is measured using GRI indexing. For sampling, we have used thirty-four Indonesian mining companies listed in IDX during the 2014-2018. out of which only fifty-two companies meet the sample criteria. All data should pass the classical assumption test to get the best estimator. Multiple linear regression is used to test the hypothesis, and the results show that the model is good, and can explain 60% of the dependent variable. Based on F-test, all four variables affect CSR practices simultaneously. The findings of this study suggest that foreign ownership and firm size influences CSR disclosure in a positive direction. However, this study did not support the hypothesis that leverage negatively affects CSR disclosure and board size measures positively affect CSR disclosure.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.863-871
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• 2021

This study aims to document empirically the mediating role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the influence of competitive pressure toward business performance on the batik industry in Central Java, Indonesia. This study also examined the effect of competitive pressure and CSR on business performance of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the batik industry in Central Java. This study used an explanatory quantitative approach. Samples of 254 MSEs in the batik industry have been successfully collected. Hypothesis testing uses SEM-PLS. The results of this study indicate that competitive pressure has a positive and significant effect on the batik MSEs business performance in Central Java. Competitive pressure also has positive direct effect on corporate social responsibility, and CSR has a significant and positive direct effect on business performance. The results of this study have successfully documented empirically that CSR has a mediating role on the relationship of competitive pressure toward business performance in the batik MSEs in Central Java, Indonesia. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the owners of the batik MSMEs in coping with competitive pressure by using CSR as a strategy to create uniqueness that is difficult to imitate and can create an organizational reputation that eventually can increase business performance.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.953-965
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze the benefits of corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance on corporate risk in controversial and non-controversial industries. The hypothesis of this study is based on the conflicting effects of industry type on CSR and firm risk. The research sample consisted of 927 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2019. The main method for data processing was the ordinary least square method and subgroup analysis as a robustness test. The findings suggest that the performance of CSR can reduce corporate risk. However, the impact was only significant for non-controversial firms and weakened for controversial industries. These results support risk management and signaling theory. Firm risk in this study reflects the company's total risk, further research can categorize it into systematic and idiosyncratic risk. Besides, the number of samples of controversial industry research is not as much as non-controversial; further research can use paired samples. Regulators can use the results to create a new policy regarding CSR implementation. This study contributes to the existing literature by showing that the ability of social responsibility to reduce corporate risk only works in non-controversial industries. This result may be due to the controversial industry receiving negative stigma from its stakeholders.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2019

최근 국내 건설기업의 해외 수주비중은 증가하고 있으며, 세계 시장은 기업들의 사회적 책임활동에 대한 경영 투명성을 요구하고 있다. 따라서 국내기업들은 사회적 책임활동을 체계적으로 준비해야 하는 시점에 직면해 있다. 본 연구는 국내 건설기업의 CSR 활동의 4가지 차원(경제적, 법적, 윤리적, 자선적 책임)을 사용하여 종업원의 조직신뢰, 직무만족, 이직의도와의 영향 관계와 계약유형의 조절효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 자사 홈페이지에서 지속가능경영을 통해 고시 및 홍보하고 있는 국내 시공능력평가 상위 10개 건설사의 정규직과 비정규직을 대상으로 CSR 활동이 종업원의 조직신뢰, 직무만족과 이직의도에 미치는 영향 관계를 분석했다. 설문지는 온라인을 통해 300부를 배포하여 회수된 최종 유효 샘플은 255부(정규직 156부, 비정규직 99부)이다. 실증 분석은 구조 방정식 모델을 사용했다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 경제적 책임, 자선적 책임, 윤리적 책임은 조직신뢰에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 조직신뢰는 직무만족에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 끝으로 계약유형의 조절효과 크기는 경제적 책임이 조직신뢰에 대해 정규직이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 조직신뢰는 직무만족에 대해 정규직이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 조직유효성 관점에서 건설기업의 CSR 활동 지침으로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.