• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.41
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• pp.5.1-5.5
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• 2019

Background: The present study aimed to determine whether laypeople and professionals rate the facial appearance of individuals with repaired complete unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP, BCLP) similarly based on viewing full facial images. Methods: The study followed a cross-sectional analytical design where five young patients aged 10 to 14 years, who had completed all stages of their unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate treatment (bilateral: three, unilateral: two), were evaluated by two groups. The assessment was done by laypeople and 97 qualified professionals (33 orthodontists, 32 plastic surgeons, and 32 oral and maxillofacial surgeons). Professionals were not involved in any stage of the patients' treatment. Results: The facial appearance assessment of the professional groups on different facial aesthetics was significantly lower than that of laypeople, and they had higher perceived need for further treatment. On the other hand, laypeople had higher aesthetic ratings and lower perceived need for further treatment. Differences were also observed between the assessments of the professional groups. Participants who had lower aesthetic assessments of the repair tended to report a higher influence of cleft lip and palate on social activities and professional life. Conclusion: Differences in perception exist between healthcare professionals and laypeople. The discrepancies between the professional groups could be attributed to different treatment modalities and protocols.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.820-836
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• 2002

Constructivism has had a great influence on science education over the last two decades. The purpose of this article is twofold: First, to describe the characteristics of constructivism and, second, to suggest an ideal forms of science education in Korea as implied in constructivism. A review of the literatures in the first area shows that constructivism is philosophical/psychological view which believe in the social nature of the construction of scientific knowledge and its learning. And the analyses of a few schools of constructivism suggest decision-making as a goal of science education, learning as the active construction of meaning through interaction between learner and learning environments, and discussion and cooperation as appropriate teaching strategies. At the same time, the results necessitate teaching ethical aspects of science in the secondary schools, and also imply that performance assessment must be emphasized in evaluation of science education.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.390-398
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• 2009

The research purposes are (1) to identify male market segmentation based on fashion involvement, (2) to compare purchase intention of clothing items and store attribute evaluation at two different retail formats, department store and internet shopping mall, and (3) to compare the influence of store attributes on intention to purchase fashion products at two retail formats among segments. The data are collected from 275 male consumers through internet research institute. The major results of this study are as follows. First, the dimensions of fashion involvement are identified into external involvement and internal involvement. Male respondents present high mean scores on external involvement items, emphasizing social roles of clothing. Two involvement factors generate three market segments: high involvement group(32.4%), external involvement group(44%), and low involvement group(23.6%). Second, high involvement group shows higher mean scores on purchase intention of seven clothing items than low involvement group. Third, department store attributes are identified into four factors, product assortment, quality per price, service, and symbolic image, while internet shopping mall includes assortment & convenience, quality per price, and symbolic image. High involvement group again presents higher mean scores on each retail attribute factor than low involvement group. Finally, quality per price is the most significant variable to explain the purchase intention at department store among three market segment, whereas assortment & convenience and quality per price are important predictors to increase purchase intention at internet shopping mall. However, relative importance of each attribute variable is different among three involvement groups.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.262-270
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• 2009

The objectives of this study were to investigate university students' knowledge and expectation of functional materials for apparel and to examine how the knowledge and expectations affect their behavioral intention. For this purpose, a questionnaire survey was conducted. 500 questionnaires were distributed to the students and 409 questionnaires were used for data analysis. The data were analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, regression analysis and ANOVA, using SPSS 12.0 package. As the results, it showed that the knowledge related to functional materials for apparel was medium level. Brand knowledge among the objective knowledge of functional materials for apparel revealed to have a lower level than the knowledge of clothing materials, product, use and wash & care. The level of self-evaluation knowledge among subjective knowledge appeared to be lower than the one of experience related knowledge. As the correlation coefficient of objective knowledge and subjective knowledge was low, it was thought that both of them must be considered in studying on consumer knowledge. It showed that the university students' expectation of functional materials for apparel was composed of physiological and physical aspects, social and psychological aspects, and practical and aesthetic aspects. The expectation was revealed to be generally high. However, the level of expectation to the practical and aesthetic aspects was lower than those of other aspects. University students' knowledge and expectation were found to have influence on their behavioral intention. In other words, it showed that the higher university students' knowledge level and expectation level were, the bigger behavioral intention was.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.773-788
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in nutrient intake according to the level of self-perception of health status, aging status and life satisfaction of the rural elderly. The factors for the study were surveyed by interview method. The subjects were 270 people(71 male, 129 female) aged over 65 years(73.5 $\pm$ 5.6ys) in the Ham-an area. The obtained results as follows : By evaluation of self-perception of health status, 57.5% of subjects answered they are in a bad health condition. The 91.5% of subjects had diseases(rheumatitis & arthritis 31.4%, cardiovascular disease 20.2%, gastric disease 10.2%). The women had more diseases than the men(p < 0.01). The subjects took medical treatment in private hospital(40.5%) and public health centers(35.0%). The men showed better level of aging status(p < 0.001) and life satisfaction index(p < 0.01) than the worsen. Living with spouse influenced the aging status(p < 0.05) and the more pocket money influenced life satisfaction(p < 0.05) and aging status(p < 0.05). The elderly who eat regularly 3 times a day(p < 0.05) and have a good appetite(p < 0.001) appeared to have positive effect on the self perception of health status and aging status. An increasing level of the self-perception of health status and regular exercise worked to improve aging status(p < 0.001). The habits of smoking and alcohol drinking, however had no effect on any index. The self-perception of health status affected the nutrient intake, but only in female elderly. The aging status and the life satisfaction index related overall positively to the intake of nutrients. In conclusion, the study shows that gender did influence nutrient intake in the elderly. The women who live alone rated lowest in social resources and health condition therefore their nutrient intake was also extremely in deficit. For successful aging, a program for rural elderly is needed, i.e. actions to provide minimum economic life, food delivery and psychological/physical health care through regional public health centers.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.633-649
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• 2005

Statement of problem: In spite of the progress in techniques and materials in complete denture prosthodontics, patients still complain of discomfort after the insertion of complete dentures. For the last several decades many prosthodontists tried to find factors influencing patient complete denture satisfaction, however the reported results became a controversy. Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to verify the factors influencing patient satisfaction with complete dentures using multiple regression analysis. Materials and methods: 33 patients who visited the department of prosthodontics, dental hospital of Yonsei University, 4 to 6 weeks after the complete denture delivery, were asked to complete the questionnaires on complete denture satisfaction, social variables and psychological variables. The Prosthodontists who treated the patients with complete dentures were also asked to complete the questionnaires on evaluation of patients' oral condition and technical quality of dentures. The factors influencing patients' satisfaction with their complete dentures were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results: Among the patients' sociodemographic variables. the variables of relationship with children, economic status, housing condition, other people's opinions of dentures and gender were the influential factors on patients' satisfaction with complete dentures. Patients showing the symptoms of depression, one of the psychological variables, were dissatisfied with their complete dentures. In spite of the good oral condition, patients were dissatisfied with complete dentures, where-as the technical quality of dentures did not influence patients' complete denture satisfaction. Conclusion : According to the results above, patients' sociodemographic and psychological variables rather than clinical variables including oral condition and technical quality of dentures were the influential factors on complete denture satisfaction. The results of this study may not only enable prosthodontists to predict the success and failure of complete denture treatment, but also help both prosthodontists and patients be informed of the essentials of increasing satisfaction with complete dentures.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.43-74
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of perceptions of work and family life on employee job satisfaction and to form a policy approach that contributes to the enhancement of worker satisfaction. In particular, we wanted to analyze how the characteristics of each variable appeared in industry groups with different gender ratios of workers. A notable point of the study was that the respondents who answered that work and family had similar importance were satisfied with their working conditions. In addition, it was found that the higher an employee's evaluation of the work-family reconciliation policy, the higher the employee's satisfaction with their working conditions. As a result of a path analysis, it was found that the most male-dominant industry was manufacturing, and the most female-dominant industry was health and social welfare. In the case of respondents who were employed in the most-male dominant industry, the degree of an employee's understanding of the work-family reconciliation policy recognition, rather than the relative priorities of work and family life, had a greater effect on job satisfaction. On the other hand, respondents who were employed in the most-female dominant industry confirmed that their level of education was highly related to the degree of institutional recognition.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.30-46
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• 2013

Using ArcGIS Model Builder, with emphasis on the importance of ecology and user friendliness, a model for site selecting tool is developed. This tool is developed by establishing standardized method for data selection and analysis with evaluation criteria using GIS. For this task, our first action was to objectively define and establish 18 elements to evaluate the potentiality of the site based on extensive literature reviews. These 18 elements reflect environmental, social/cultural and legal aspects that may influence the decision process to select the desired site. Secondly, using ArcGIS Model Builder, 18 analytical elements were made into thematic mapping which represent systematically organized graphic input to the model with automatic double check system and overlay analysis capability. Thirdly, to validate the effectiveness of the developed model, site location analysis was performed using the actual site, Buk-ku, Pohang.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.2 no.2 s.4
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• pp.91-122
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• 2002

Constructivism has had a great influence on science education over the last two decades. The purpose of this article is twofold: First, to describe the characteristics of constructivism and, second, to suggest an ideal forms of science education in Korea as implied in constructivism. A review of the literature in the first area shows that constructivism is the philosophical/ psychological view which believes in the social nature of the construction of scientific knowledge and its learning. And the analyses of a few schools of constructivism suggests decision-making as a goal of science education, loaming as the active construction of meaning through interaction between learner and learning environments, and discussion and cooperation as appropriate teaching strategies. At the same time, the results necessitate teaching ethical aspects of science in the secondary schools, and also imply that performance assessment must be emphasized in evaluation of science education.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1315-1331
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• 2014

Replacement rates which shows the ratio of retirement income relative to preretirement income is used for a valuable evaluation measures while discussing social security benefit levels or the adequacy of retirement income. However, replacement rates has been only used for an index for evaluating benefit level at the time of retirement or specific retirement period in advanced research projects. This article analyzes how much the uncertainty of survival has an influence on retirement income, and shows replacement rates in conformity with the period of survival as an index. The researchers named this index lifetime income replacement rates. Analysis based on this index shows both life replacement income rates of 38.3% in men's case and of 41.1% in women's case while enrolled for 20years in three pension plans - national pension, retirement pension and individual annuity.